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ARTICLE

Wenyi Luo^1,#, Li Yuan^1,#, Ruiling Feng², Kai Pu³, Yali Huang⁴, Mingxiong Li³, Xiaomin Tang⁵, Huimei Wang⁶, Xuejing Wang⁷, Wentin Zhang⁸, Hong Zheng⁹, Xiuhong Li¹⁰, Dandong Luo¹¹, Shanshan Shi⁵, Yaqin Shu³, Xu Wang¹², Na Du¹³, Yujie Shen¹⁴, Yamin Song¹⁵, Huihua Wang¹⁶, Xia Xie¹⁷, Qian Zhang¹², Qianqian Zhang¹⁸, Yuanyuan Zhang¹⁹, Yueyue Zhang¹, Xiaojie Hu²⁰, Zhimin Li²¹, Xiaolan Pan¹⁰, Youdong Pan²², Wenyuan Shang²³, Hairui Sun²⁴, Beini Wang²⁵, Yanhua Wang²⁶, Yanyan Wang²⁷, Yongting Wang²⁸, Guihong Yang²⁹, Yan Zhou³⁰, Zhimin Yang¹, Xuanxuan Li¹, Huiwen Chen^1,§,*, Zhuoming Xu^1,§,*
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.082239 - 11 June 2026
Abstract Objective: To develop the Chinese expert consensus on the prevention and management of central venous catheter (CVC)-related thrombosis in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) (hereafter referred to as the Consensus), with the aim of standardizing and improving preventive and therapeutic strategies for CVC-related thrombosis in pediatric patients with CHD. Methods: The consensus was formulated in strict accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine by a multidisciplinary panel of experts. Evidence was appraised and synthesized using the JBI Evidence Grading System. The initial draft was refined through two rounds of Delphi consultations involving 16 experts and… More >

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ARTICLE

Jae Suk Baek¹, Soo-Jin Kim^2,*, Sang-Yun Lee³, Chang-Ha Lee⁴, Chun Soo Park⁵, Eun Seok Choi⁵, Hoon Ko⁶, Hyo Soon An³, I. Seok Kang⁷, Ja Kyoung Yoon⁷, Jae-Young Lee⁸, Jinyoung Song⁷, Joo Won Lee⁹, June Huh⁷, Kyung-Jin Ahn¹⁰, Se-Yong Jung¹¹, Seul Gi Cha¹, Yeo-Hyang Kim¹², Young-Seok Lee¹³, Sang-Hoon Cho¹⁴
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.077034 - 11 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Registries in Congenital Heart Disease)
Abstract Background: Systemic right ventricular morphology is associated with poor Fontan outcomes, but its independent effect remains uncertain due to confounding by atrioventricular valve regurgitation (AVVR). The prognostic role of two adequately sized ventricles is also unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the independent impact of ventricular morphology on long-term Fontan outcomes after adjustment for AVVR, using a large national registry. Methods: A total of 1631 Fontan survivors were analyzed. Death or heart transplantation and Fontan failure were primarily evaluated using inverse probability of treatment weighting. Fontan failure was defined as death, heart transplantation, Fontan takedown… More >

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ARTICLE

Naomi Kalume^1,*, Shreya Papneja¹, Jamie L. Jackson², Richard Krasuski³, Anushree Agarwal⁴, Arwa Saidi⁵, David Harrison^6,7, Matthew Lewis⁸, Anita Mathews¹, Scott Leezer⁹, Ken Woodhouse¹⁰, Aliza Marlin¹⁰, Danielle M. Hile¹⁰, Ryan Joy O’Connor¹¹, Ruth Phillippi¹, Thomas Carton¹², Anitha S. John¹
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.081700 - 11 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Registries in Congenital Heart Disease)
Abstract Background: Adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) experience lifelong medical and psychosocial challenges, yet research in this population is limited by incomplete longitudinal data and insufficient incorporation of patient perspectives. Although patient engagement is increasingly recognized as important, structured and sustainable engagement models in ACHD research remain limited. Objectives: The paper aims to describe the development and operational structure of the Congenital Heart Initiative (CHI) Engagement Network and to report outcomes from two annual patient-powered research meetings used to identify and refine ACHD research priorities. Methods: The CHI Engagement Network was established as a multi-stakeholder research infrastructure… More >

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ARTICLE

Aygül Kaya Akıllı¹, Osman Akdeniz², Celal Özcan^3,*
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.076628 - 11 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease)
Abstract Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) refers to malformations of the heart or great vessels that occur during the intrauterine period. Critical CHD refers to heart conditions that require medical intervention or surgical procedures in the early stages of life. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, newborns aged 0 to 28 days who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and the Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic of our hospital with a diagnosis of critical CHD between January 2019 and September 2024 were evaluated. Results: Among 160 patients, 52 (32.5%) had a prenatal diagnosis. Overall mortality was significantly… More >

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ARTICLE

Shruthi S^*, D. Hanumanth Rao Naidu
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.079590 - 11 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Next-Generation Diagnostic Tools for Congenital Heart Disease: AI, Deep Learning, and Beyond)
Abstract Background: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is an abnormality of the heart arising before birth. CHD diagnosis poses a critical challenge, particularly in resource-constrained settings where access to doctors and skilled radiologists is limited. The maternal risk factors contributing to CHD include modifiable and non-modifiable causes. Very few studies mention about these maternal risk factors for the Indian population to build predictive machine learning models for disease forecasting. The aim is to explore the feasibility of predicting CHD occurrence using maternal risk factor data and machine learning models in an Indian context. Methods: This research utilizes Indian-origin… More >

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CASE REPORT

Shotaro Nozaki, Hiroyuki Oikawa, Naofumi F. Sumitomo^*, Kentaro Tomita, Satoshi Narumi
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.076771 - 11 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Methods and Techniques for the Management of Congenital Heart Disease)
Abstract Background: Many anesthetics suppress atrioventricular conduction and may exacerbate atrioventricular block (AVB), which has led to the establishment of pediatric perioperative guidelines. However, the perioperative management of patients with a history of AVB who have recovered to an apparent sinus rhythm remains unclear. Case presentation: We report the case of a 13-year-old girl who developed complete AVB following surgery for congenital heart disease in infancy and subsequently recovered sinus rhythm. She experienced a recurrence of AVB after anesthesia induction for scoliosis surgery. An implantable pacemaker was inserted in infancy after the onset of complete AVB.… More >

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CASE REPORT

Kai Luo^#, Jinghao Zheng^#, Yanjun Pan, Zhongqun Zhu, Xiaomin He^*, Hao Zhang^*
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.078290 - 11 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Special Issue from the 5^th Asian Association for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery (AAPCHS) Annual Conference)
Abstract Background Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is a complex congenital heart disease with significant anatomical variations. Patients with atrioventricular discordance have traditionally been managed with univentricular palliation strategies. However, advances in surgical concepts and techniques have enabled biventricular or one-and-a-half ventricle repair in selected patients, even after prior palliation. Case presentation We report a case of a 32-year-old woman with DORV and atrioventricular discordance who successfully underwent conversion to a one-and-a-half ventricle circulation using a combined Hemi-Mustard/Rastelli procedure with preservation of a pre-existing bidirectional Glenn shunt, performed 18 years after initial palliation. Conclusion This case More >

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ARTICLE

Jiaxiong Wu^1,2,3,#, Runzhang Liang^1,#, Naijimuding ABUDUREXITI^4,#, Jing Ling², Zirui Peng², Jinxin Li¹, Canxin Wang¹, Yong Zhang¹, Haiyun Yuan^1,2,3,*, Shusheng Wen^1,2,3,*
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.077455 - 11 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Insights into Congenital Heart Disease: Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Future Directions)
Abstract Objective: Cone reconstruction (CR) is the preferred surgical treatment for Ebstein’s anomaly (EA). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying postoperative cardiac repair remain unclear. This study investigated the dynamic changes of plasma exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) in EA patients before and after CR, exploring their association with postoperative cardiac function recovery and potential molecular mechanisms. Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 10 EA patients undergoing CR preoperatively, 1 day postoperatively, and 7 days postoperatively, along with samples from 10 healthy controls. Plasma exosomes were isolated using size-exclusion chromatography. Exosomal miRNAs were extracted and sequenced, followed by differential expression,… More >

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ARTICLE

Jie Wu^1,#, Guiwen Liang^1,#, Ya Pan^1,#, Talaibaike Maimaijuma^2,3, Xianggui Xu^2,3, Juying Lu¹, Zhongwei Huang^1,*, Lei Qi^1,*, Haiyan Jiang^1,*
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.077080 - 11 June 2026
Abstract Background: Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) complicated by severe infection often present with immature immune function and poor prognosis. Evidence supporting the use of glucocorticoids in this population, particularly with dynamic immune monitoring, remains limited. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 183 CHD children with severe infections admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) from 2019 to 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: the glucocorticoid intervention group (n = 92, methylprednisolone + standard treatment) and the control group (n = 91, standard treatment). Immune indicators (Interleukins-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio… More >

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EDITORIAL

Edward Araujo Júnior^1,2,*, Luciane Alves da Rocha Amorim³, Nathalie Jeanne Magioli Bravo-Valenzuela^4,5
Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.079410 - 11 June 2026
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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