Open Access

REVIEW

Immune Mechanisms of the Comorbid Course of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Tuberculosis

Stanislav Kotlyarov^1,*, Dmitry Oskin²

1 Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, 390026, Russia
2 Department of Infectious Diseases and Phthisiology, Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, 390026, Russia

* Corresponding Author: Stanislav Kotlyarov. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Mechanisms Driving COPD, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Innovations)

BIOCELL 2025, 49(9), 1631-1661. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2025.066675

Received 14 April 2025; Accepted 17 July 2025; Issue published 25 September 2025

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory tuberculosis are important respiratory problems. Meeting together, these diseases can mutually worsen the severity of clinical manifestations and negatively affect prognosis. COPD and tuberculosis share a number of common risk factors and pathogenetic mechanisms involving various immune and non-immune cells. Inflammation, hypoxia, oxidative stress, and lung tissue remodeling play an important role in the comorbid course of COPD and respiratory tuberculosis. These mechanisms are of diagnostic interest and are promising therapeutic targets. Thus, the aim of the current review is to discuss the mechanisms of the comorbid course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory tuberculosis.

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Keywords

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