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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Flavonoids in safflower extract reduce cisplatin-induced damage to human follicle dermal papilla cells by inhibiting DNA damage and Rad17/Chk1/Cdc25C signaling

    FU-MING TSAI1, PING-HSUN LU2,3, LU-KAI WANG4, CHAN-YEN KUO1, MAO-LIANG CHEN1, CHUN-HUA WANG5,6,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.8, pp. 1793-1802, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.030093

    Abstract Background: Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used clinically for the treatment of various human cancers. Patients often reduce the use of cisplatin due to its side effects, which in turn affects its treatment. This study explored the mechanism of action of safflower extract as an adjuvant traditional Chinese medicine for chemotherapy. Methods: Primary human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) were used as target cells for cisplatin-induced damage to hair cells. Western blotting was used to investigate the molecular targets of cisplatin and safflower extract in causing HFDPCs damage. Cell survival and cell cycle were analyzed by mitochondrial staining reagent… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Blue LED promotes the chemosensitivity of human hepatoma to Sorafenib by inducing DNA damage

    TONG WANG1,4,#, JINHUAN HONG1,5,#, JIAJIE XIE1,5, QIAN LIU4, JINRUI YUE1,5, XUTING HE1,5, SHIYU GE4, TAO LI4, GUOXIN LIU4, BENZHI CAI1,3,5, LINQIANG LI2,*, YE YUAN1,3,5,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.8, pp. 1811-1820, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.029120

    Abstract Background: Phototherapies based on sunlight, infrared, ultraviolet, visible, and laser-based treatments present advantages like high curative effects, small invasion, and negligible adverse reactions in cancer treatment. We aimed to explore the potential therapeutic effects of blue light emitting diode (LED) in human hepatoma cells and decipher the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Methods: Wound healing and transwell assays were employed to probe the inhibition of the invasion and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in the presence of blue LED. The sphere-forming test was used to evaluate the effect of LED blue light irradiation on cancer stem cell properties. Immunofluorescence and… More > Graphic Abstract

    Blue LED promotes the chemosensitivity of human hepatoma to Sorafenib by inducing DNA damage

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA in breast cancer diagnosis and monitoring

    EFFAT ALEMZADEH1, LEILA ALLAHQOLI2, HAMIDEH DEHGHAN3, AFROOZ MAZIDIMORADI4, ALIREZA GHASEMPOUR3, HAMID SALEHINIYA5,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.5, pp. 667-675, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.028406

    Abstract Liquid biopsy, including both circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA, is becoming more popular as a diagnostic tool in the clinical management of breast cancer. Elevated concentrations of these biomarkers during cancer treatment may be used as markers for cancer progression as well as to understand the mechanisms underlying metastasis and treatment resistance. Thus, these circulating markers serve as tools for cancer assessing and monitoring through a simple, non-invasive blood draw. However, despite several study results currently noting a potential clinical impact of ctDNA mutation tracking, the method is not used clinically in cancer diagnosis among patients and more… More > Graphic Abstract

    Circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA in breast cancer diagnosis and monitoring

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Multi-Stream Scrambling and DNA Encoding Method Based Image Encryption

    Nashat Salih Abdulkarim Alsandi1, Dilovan Asaad Zebari2,*, Adel Al-Zebari3, Falah Y. H. Ahmed4, Mazin Abed Mohammed5, Marwan Albahar6, Abdulaziz Ali Albahr7,8

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.47, No.2, pp. 1321-1347, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.038089

    Abstract Information security has emerged as a key problem in encryption because of the rapid evolution of the internet and networks. Thus, the progress of image encryption techniques is becoming an increasingly serious issue and considerable problem. Small space of the key, encryption-based low confidentiality, low key sensitivity, and easily exploitable existing image encryption techniques integrating chaotic system and DNA computing are purposing the main problems to propose a new encryption technique in this study. In our proposed scheme, a three-dimensional Chen’s map and a one-dimensional Logistic map are employed to construct a double-layer image encryption scheme. In the confusion stage,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    mTORC2 promotes pancreatic cancer progression and parp inhibitor resistance

    CHIWEN BU1,2, LIGANG ZHAO1, LISHAN WANG1, ZEQIAN YU1, JIAHUA ZHOU1,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 495-503, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.029309

    Abstract Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers with a median survival time of less than 5 months, and conventional chemotherapeutics are the main treatment strategy. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been recently approved for BRCA1/2-mutant pancreatic cancer, opening a new era for targeted therapy for this disease. However, most pancreatic cancer patients carry wild-type BRCA1/2 with resistance to PARP inhibitors. Here, we reported that mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) kinase is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and promotes pancreatic cancer cell growth and invasion. Moreover, we found that knockdown of the mTORC2 obligate subunit Rictor sensitized… More > Graphic Abstract

    mTORC2 promotes pancreatic cancer progression and parp inhibitor resistance

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Targeting DNA repair for cancer treatment: Lessons from PARP inhibitor trials

    DHANYA K. NAMBIAR1, DEEPALI MISHRA2, RANA P. SINGH2,3,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 405-421, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.028310

    Abstract Ionizing radiation is frequently used to treat solid tumors, as it causes DNA damage and kill cancer cells. However, damaged DNA is repaired involving poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) causing resistance to radiation therapy. Thus, PARP-1 represents an important target in multiple cancer types, including prostate cancer. PARP is a nuclear enzyme essential for single-strand DNA breaks repair. Inhibiting PARP-1 is lethal in a wide range of cancer cells that lack the homologous recombination repair (HR) pathway. This article provides a concise and simplified overview of the development of PARP inhibitors in the laboratory and their clinical applications. We focused on the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Targeting DNA repair for cancer treatment: Lessons from PARP inhibitor trials

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Improved Cloud Storage Encryption Using Block Cipher-Based DNA Anti-Codify Model

    E. Srimathi1,*, S. P. Chokkalingam2

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.47, No.1, pp. 903-918, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.029790

    Abstract When it comes to data storage, cloud computing and cloud storage providers play a critical role. The cloud data can be accessed from any location with an internet connection. Additionally, the risk of losing privacy when data is stored in a cloud environment is also increased. A variety of security techniques are employed in the cloud to enhance security. In this paper, we aim at maintaining the privacy of stored data in cloud environment by implementing block-based modelling to boost the privacy level with Anti-Codify Technique (ACoT) and block cipher-based algorithms. Initially, the cipher text is generated using Deoxyribo Nucleic… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Protein-mediated interactions in the dynamic regulation of acute inflammation

    RYAN STARK*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.6, pp. 1191-1198, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.027838

    Abstract Protein-mediated interactions are the fundamental mechanism through which cells regulate health and disease. These interactions require physical contact between proteins and their respective targets of interest. These targets include not only other proteins but also nucleic acids and other important molecules as well. These proteins are often involved in multibody complexes that work dynamically to regulate cellular health and function. Various techniques have been adapted to study these important interactions, such as affinity-based assays, mass spectrometry, and fluorescent detection. The application of these techniques has led to a greater understanding of how protein interactions are responsible for both the instigation… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Multi-Stage Security Solution for Medical Color Images in Healthcare Applications

    Walid El-Shafai1,2,*, Fatma Khallaf2,3, El-Sayed M. El-Rabaie2, Fathi E. Abd El-Samie2, Iman Almomani1,4

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.3, pp. 3599-3618, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.037655

    Abstract This paper presents a robust multi-stage security solution based on fusion, encryption, and watermarking processes to transmit color healthcare images, efficiently. The presented solution depends on the features of discrete cosine transform (DCT), lifting wavelet transform (LWT), and singular value decomposition (SVD). The primary objective of this proposed solution is to ensure robustness for the color medical watermarked images against transmission attacks. During watermark embedding, the host color medical image is transformed into four sub-bands by employing three stages of LWT. The resulting low-frequency sub-band is then transformed by employing three stages of DCT followed by SVD operation. Furthermore, a… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhanced Parallelized DNA-Coded Stream Cipher Based on Multiplayer Prisoners’ Dilemma

    Khaled M. Suwais*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.75, No.2, pp. 2685-2704, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.036161

    Abstract Data encryption is essential in securing exchanged data between connected parties. Encryption is the process of transforming readable text into scrambled, unreadable text using secure keys. Stream ciphers are one type of an encryption algorithm that relies on only one key for decryption and as well as encryption. Many existing encryption algorithms are developed based on either a mathematical foundation or on other biological, social or physical behaviours. One technique is to utilise the behavioural aspects of game theory in a stream cipher. In this paper, we introduce an enhanced Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-coded stream cipher based on an iterated n-player… More >

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