Jiaxiong Wu^1,2,3,#, Runzhang Liang^1,#, Naijimuding ABUDUREXITI^4,#, Jing Ling², Zirui Peng², Jinxin Li¹, Canxin Wang¹, Yong Zhang¹, Haiyun Yuan^1,2,3,*, Shusheng Wen^1,2,3,*

Structural and Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.21, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/schd.2026.077455 - 11 June 2026

Abstract Objective: Cone reconstruction (CR) is the preferred surgical treatment for Ebstein’s anomaly (EA). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying postoperative cardiac repair remain unclear. This study investigated the dynamic changes of plasma exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) in EA patients before and after CR, exploring their association with postoperative cardiac function recovery and potential molecular mechanisms. Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 10 EA patients undergoing CR preoperatively, 1 day postoperatively, and 7 days postoperatively, along with samples from 10 healthy controls. Plasma exosomes were isolated using size-exclusion chromatography. Exosomal miRNAs were extracted and sequenced, followed by differential expression,… More >

Weixiang Song^1,#, Yanbo Zhang^2,#, Xubo Shen¹, Qin Yu¹, Yujin Liu¹, Yongchun Yu³, Rui Chen^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.6, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078665 - 21 May 2026

Abstract Objective: Osimertinib can selectively inhibit both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) sensitizing and T790M gatekeeper mutations, and has shown remarkable therapeutic effects in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. However, almost all patients inevitably develop drug resistance. Herein, we sought to clarify the roles of exosomal lncRNA H19 in modulating osimertinib resistance, focusing on the PI3K-PTEN-Akt signaling axis. Methods: Functional assays, including cell viability assay, colony formation, cell apoptosis and xenograft mouse, employed in evaluate the effects of exosomal lncRNA H19 on cell growth and apoptosis. RNA quantitation and western blot were adopted to demonstrate the regulatory roles of… More >

Thanh Hoa Vo^1,2, Edel McNeela^1,2, Orla O’Donnovan^1,2, Jai Prakash Mehta³, Van Hoa Nguyen⁴, Sweta Rani^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.6, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075346 - 21 May 2026

Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of drug resistance in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, a subtype in which both intrinsic and acquired resistance to HER2-targeted therapies remain major clinical challenges. Although mechanistic studies have begun to reveal how lncRNAs modulate signaling pathways, interact with microRNAs, and influence the tumor microenvironment, dedicated investigations in HER2-positive disease are still limited. This review synthesizes current evidence across epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional mechanisms of resistance, including competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, RNA-binding protein interactions, and exosome-mediated intercellular communication. Particular emphasis is… More >

Sandra Kałużna^1,*, Monika Świerczewska^1,2, Sylwia Ciesiółka¹, Małgorzata Partyka¹, Michał Nowicki¹, Karolina Wojtowicz¹

Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.070356 - 30 December 2025

Abstract The last research focuses on the role of exosomes in cancer treatment. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles. They can be secreted by cancer cells, and they can modulate chemotherapy sensitivity. Determining exosomal content opens the possibility for guiding treatment strategies for cancer diseases. Exosomal microRNA are considered one of the prime candidates for exosomal biomarkers. Exosomal circular RNAs represent excellent biomarkers for liquid biopsy because of their stability in many types of cancer. Exosomal proteins remain reliable biomarkers also. Exosomes have emerged as promising therapeutic candidates. Their biological properties render them ideal vectors for drug delivery.… More >

Yan Gui^1,#, Wen Pan^1,#, Ziyi Dong^1,#, Dongzhi Hu^1,#, Yaoyang Guo¹, Xinyi Wen¹, Haiyang Zhang², Zhansheng Jiang^1,*, Xiangqian Zheng^1,*, Ming Gao^2,*, Junyi Wang^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.12, pp. 3991-4011, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.067182 - 27 November 2025

Abstract Objectives: Metastatic spread to the lung is one of the leading causes of fatal outcomes in thyroid cancer, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate how exosomal microRNA-17-5p (miR-17-5p) promotes lung metastasis in thyroid cancer within the framework of the “seed and soil” hypothesis. Methods: Serum exosomes from thyroid cancer lung metastasis patients and controls were analyzed for miR-17, which was elevated in metastatic cases. miR-17 was transfected into embryonic lung fibroblasts (MRC-5), and their supernatants were co-cultured with thyroid cancer cells (Cal62). Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using colony formation, Ki67… More >

Chengru Yang^1,#, Zhiyu Wang^1,#, Shaowu Bi¹, Xinmiao Zhang¹, Zhaoqiang Xu¹, Yifei Ge¹, Tianjie Zhang¹, Nan Wang¹, Yi Xu^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,*}, Xiangyu Zhong^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3207-3229, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.066150 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an extremely aggressive cancer of the digestive system with insidious onset and the lack of effective biomarkers, resulting in late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key mediators of intercellular communication that drive PC initiation and advancement. By modulating gene expression, they impact tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and immune evasion. Critically, exosomal ncRNAs serve as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment. This review summarizes the current research achievements regarding exosomal ncRNAs in PC, systematically elaborating on their roles in tumor occurrence, metastasis, chemoresistance More >

CHIOMA C. EZEUKO^#, SANDANI V. T. WIJERATHNE^#, QIANA L. MATTHEWS^*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.9, pp. 1605-1629, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.065474 - 25 September 2025

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have arisen as potential therapeutic tools in managing infectious diseases because EVs can regulate cell-to-cell signaling, function as drug transport mechanisms, and influence immune reactions. They are obtained from a myriad of sources, such as plants, humans, and animal cells. EVs like exosomes and ectosomes can be utilized in their native form as therapeutics or engineered to encompass antimicrobials, vaccines, and oligonucleotides of interest with a targeted delivery strategy. An in-depth understanding of host-pathogen dynamics provides a solid foundation for exploiting its full potential in therapeutics against infectious diseases. This review mainly More >

JUNPING LIU^1,2, FEIRAN GAO¹, DANTING WANG², RUIXUE ZHOU², CHUNYAN HUANG^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1323-1334, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.059113 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Exosomes (EXOs) play an important role in the progression of breast cancer. EXOs, with a diameter of approximately 100 nm, have a simple structure but diverse functions, and can affect the development of breast cancer through signal transduction and molecular transfer, etc. Angiogenesis provides nutrients for the growth and metastasis of breast cancer and is a crucial part of tumor progression. The mechanism of tumor angiogenesis is complex. The VEGF/VEGFR pathway promotes angiogenesis by regulating the activities of ECs. Hypoxia, a common feature in the tumor microenvironment, as a key regulator, can affect angiogenesis… More > Graphic Abstract

MAGDALENA WILCZAK^1,2,#, MAGDALENA SURMAN^1,#,*, MAłGORZATA PRZYBYłO^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 245-262, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.055449 - 16 January 2025

Abstract Angiogenesis, the expansion of pre-existing vascular networks, is crucial for normal organ growth and tissue repair, but is also involved in various pathologies, including inflammation, ischemia, diabetes, and cancer. In solid tumors, angiogenesis supports growth, nutrient delivery, waste removal, and metastasis. Tumors can induce angiogenesis through proangiogenic factors including VEGF, FGF-2, PDGF, angiopoietins, HGF, TNF, IL-6, SCF, tryptase, and chymase. This balance is disrupted in tumors, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to this by transferring proangiogenic factors and increasing their expression in endothelial cells (ECs). Malignant melanoma, a particular type of skin cancer, accounts for More >

TAO SUN^1,2, QINGHUA SONG³, HUA LIU^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.1, pp. 133-148, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.054141 - 20 December 2024

Abstract Background: Lung cancer is a life-threatening disease that occurs worldwide, but is especially common in China. The crucial role of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has attracted recent attention. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main factors that contribute to the TME function, and CAF exosomes are closely linked to NSCLC. Methods: The expression levels of miR-3124-5p and Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP) were analysed by bioinformatics prediction combined with RT-qPCR/Western Blot detection. Fibroblasts were isolated and identified from clinical NSCLC tissues. Transmission electron microscopy and Western Blot were used to identify exosomes… More >