Hwa-Young Jang¹, Sang-Jun Beon², Sung-Hoon Kim¹, In-Kyung Song¹, Won-Jung Shin^1,*

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.18, No.6, pp. 639-647, 2023, DOI:10.32604/chd.2023.030065

Abstract Objectives: We investigated whether the selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) technique causes differences in changes in cerebral perfusion between both hemispheres in young infants, using cerebral oxygen saturation (ScO₂) as an index. Further, we determined the association between the discrepancy in ScO₂ and cerebral perfusion pressure during SCP. Methods: The difference in ScO₂ between the left and right cerebral hemispheres (ΔScO_{2 Rt-Lt}) was calculated during clamping of the innominate artery (IA) and during SCP. Results: In 25 infants (aged 2 to 78 days), the left and right ScO₂ were well maintained (median 63.2% and 60.9% during IA clamping, respectively; 64.0% and… More > Graphic Abstract

Honghong Wang¹, Zhixin Xiong^1,*, Yunchao Hu¹, Zhijian Liu¹, Long Liang²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.6, pp. 2713-2727, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025817

Abstract This study aims to realize the sharing of near-infrared analysis models of lignin and holocellulose content in pulp wood on two different batches of spectrometers and proposes a combined algorithm of SPA-DS, MCUVE-DS and SiPLS-DS. The Successive Projection Algorithm (SPA), the Monte-Carlo of Uninformative Variable Elimination (MCUVE) and the Synergy Interval Partial Least Squares (SiPLS) algorithms are respectively used to reduce the adverse effects of redundant information in the transmission process of the full spectrum DS algorithm model. These three algorithms can improve model transfer accuracy and efficiency and reduce the manpower and material consumption required for modeling. These results… More >

Muhammad Aadil Siddiqui^1,*, M. H. Md Khir¹, Zaka Ullah², Muath Al Hasan², Abdul Saboor³, Saeed Ahmed Magsi¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.75, No.2, pp. 2859-2871, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.034164

Abstract One of the most pressing concerns for the consumer market is the detection of adulteration in meat products due to their preciousness. The rapid and accurate identification mechanism for lard adulteration in meat products is highly necessary, for developing a mechanism trusted by consumers and that can be used to make a definitive diagnosis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) is used in this work to identify lard adulteration in cow, lamb, and chicken samples. A simplified extraction method was implied to obtain the lipids from pure and adulterated meat. Adulterated samples were obtained by mixing lard with chicken, lamb, and… More >

Ibrahim M. Almanjahie^1,2,*, Omar Fetitah³, Mohammed Kadi Attouch³, Tawfik Benchikh^3,4

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.74, No.3, pp. 6307-6319, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.033441

Abstract Functional statistics is a new technique for dealing with data that can be viewed as curves or images. Parallel to this approach, the Near-Infrared Reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy methodology has been used in modern chemistry as a rapid, low-cost, and exact means of assessing an object’s chemical properties. In this research, we investigate the quality of corn and cookie dough by analyzing the spectroscopic technique using certain cutting-edge statistical models. By analyzing spectral data and applying functional models to it, we could predict the chemical components of corn and cookie dough. Kernel Functional Classical Estimation (KFCE), Kernel Functional Quantile Estimation (KFQE),… More >

Tobias Drieschner^1,2,*, Andreas Kandelbauer¹, Bernd Hitzmann², Karsten Rebner¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.4, pp. 1643-1660, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.024429

Abstract For optimization of production processes and product quality, often knowledge of the factors influencing the process outcome is compulsory. Thus, process analytical technology (PAT) that allows deeper insight into the process and results in a mathematical description of the process behavior as a simple function based on the most important process factors can help to achieve higher production efficiency and quality. The present study aims at characterizing a well-known industrial process, the transesterification reaction of rapeseed oil with methanol to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for usage as biodiesel in a continuous micro reactor set-up. To this end, a… More >

Rui Wang, Lanlan Shi, Yurong Wang^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.12, pp. 3285-3302, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.020546

Abstract Air-dry density, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), compressive strength parallel to grain, and hardness of Catalpa bungei clones were investigated in this study with feasibility of predicting these properties by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The best candidate ‘Luoqiu 3’ has been selected from three clones based on wood physical and mechanical property indices. Lower values of wood physical and mechanical properties have been found in the corewood compared to the outerwood. There were significant positive correlations between the air-dry density and mechanical properties. Information from cross section for air-dry density, compressive strength parallel to grain, and hardness yielded… More >

J. Haritha^1,*, R. S. Valarmathi², M. Kalamani³

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 1867-1880, 2022, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2022.022547

Abstract Urea is the most common fertilizer used by the farmers. In this study, the variation of mid-infrared transmittance spectra with addition of urea in soil was studied for five different concentrations of urea. 150 gm of soil is taken and dried in a hot air oven for 5 h at 80°C and then samples are prepared by adding urea and water to it. The spectral signature of soil with urea is obtained by using an Infrared Spectrometer that reads the spectra in the mid infra-red region. The analysis is done using Partial Least Square Regression and Support Vector Machine algorithms… More >

Simon Crase^1,2, Benjamin Hall², Suresh N. Thennadil^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.2, pp. 1945-1965, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018517

Abstract Supervised machine learning techniques have become well established in the study of spectroscopy data. However, the unsupervised learning technique of cluster analysis hasn’t reached the same level maturity in chemometric analysis. This paper surveys recent studies which apply cluster analysis to NIR and IR spectroscopy data. In addition, we summarize the current practices in cluster analysis of spectroscopy and contrast these with cluster analysis literature from the machine learning and pattern recognition domain. This includes practices in data pre-processing, feature extraction, clustering distance metrics, clustering algorithms and validation techniques. Special consideration is given to the specific characteristics of IR and… More >

Omar Fetitah¹, Ibrahim M. Almanjahie^2,3, Mohammed Kadi Attouch^1,*, Salah Khardani⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 2681-2694, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015469

Abstract The problem of predicting continuous scalar outcomes from functional predictors has received high levels of interest in recent years in many fields, especially in the food industry. The k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) method of Near-Infrared Reflectance (NIR) analysis is practical, relatively easy to implement, and becoming one of the most popular methods for conducting food quality based on NIR data. The k-NN is often named k nearest neighbor classifier when it is used for classifying categorical variables, while it is called k-nearest neighbor regression when it is applied for predicting noncategorical variables. The objective of this paper is to use the… More >

Safwat A. Aly¹, David Zurakowski², Penny Glass³, Kami Skurow-Todd⁴, Richard A. Jonas⁵, Mary T. Donofrio⁴

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 188-195, 2017, DOI:10.1111/chd.12426

Abstract Importance: There are no well-established noninvasive biomarkers for identifying patients at risk for poor outcome after surgery for congenital heart disease. Few studies have assessed prognostic accuracy of cerebral tissue oxygenation index (cTOI) measured by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
Objective: To assess the utility of noninvasive NIRS monitoring as a predictor of outcomes after neonatal cardiac surgery through measurement of cTOI. To examine the utility of noninvasive NIRS monitoring in combination with lactate concentration and inotropic score in prediction of outcomes after neonatal cardiac surgery.
Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study.
Setting: Operating room and cardiac intensive care unit, Children’s National… More >