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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Layout Optimization for Greenhouse WSN Based on Path Loss Analysis

    Huarui Wu1,2,3, Huaji Zhu1,2,3, Xiao Han1,2,3,*, Wei Xu4

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.37, No.1, pp. 89-104, 2021, DOI:10.32604/csse.2021.015030 - 05 February 2021

    Abstract When wireless sensor networks (WSN) are deployed in the vegetable greenhouse with dynamic connectivity and interference environment, it is necessary to increase the node transmit power to ensure the communication quality, which leads to serious network interference. To offset the negative impact, the transmit power of other nodes must also be increased. The result is that the network becomes worse and worse, and node energy is wasted a lot. Taking into account the irregular connection range in the cucumber greenhouse WSN, we measured the transmission characteristics of wireless signals under the 2.4 Ghz operating frequency.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Hybridized Model with Activity Load Adjusting and QOS for Wi-Fi Network System

    S. Praveen Kumar1,*, S. Appavu alias Balamurugan2, S. Kannan3

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.27, No.2, pp. 333-346, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.013310 - 18 January 2021

    Abstract The establishment of multi-channel routing systems in WSNs has shown the reliability of the transmission across several channels. Meeting the service quality needs of all the applications is still a challenging task. Various surveys carried out, have suggested for the development of user-oriented Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) architectures. Throughout WSNs, the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and the Adhoc On Demand Vector (AODV) are the multi-way routing systems that exhibit the reliability of the multipath delivery to fulfill the customer service quality requirements. The topology is modified only on requests, by selecting the best route… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Energy-Efficient and Blockchain-Enabled Model for Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Cities

    Norah Saleh Alghamdi1,*, Mohammad Ayoub Khan2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2509-2524, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014180 - 28 December 2020

    Abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and Internet of Things (IoT) have gained more popularity in recent years as an underlying infrastructure for connected devices and sensors in smart cities. The data generated from these sensors are used by smart cities to strengthen their infrastructure, utilities, and public services. WSNs are suitable for long periods of data acquisition in smart cities. To make the networks of smart cities more reliable for sensitive information, the blockchain mechanism has been proposed. The key issues and challenges of WSNs in smart cities is efficiently scheduling the resources; leading to extending More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    ECO-BAT: A New Routing Protocol for Energy Consumption Optimization Based on BAT Algorithm in WSN

    Mohammed Kaddi1,*, Abdallah Banana2, Mohammed Omari1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1497-1510, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012116 - 26 November 2020

    Abstract Wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely used due to its vast range of applications. The energy problem is one of the important problems influencing the complete application. Sensor nodes use very small batteries as a power source and replacing them is not an easy task. With this restriction, the sensor nodes must conserve their energy and extend the network lifetime as long as possible. Also, these limits motivate much of the research to suggest solutions in all layers of the protocol stack to save energy. So, energy management efficiency becomes a key requirement in… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of Low Cost Integrated Navigation System in Precision Agriculture

    Qi Wang1,2,3,*, Changsong Yang2,3,5, Yuxiang Wang1,2,3, Shao-en Wu4

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.26, No.6, pp. 1433-1442, 2020, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2020.012759 - 24 December 2020

    Abstract To improve the positioning accuracy of farming vehicle in precision agriculture, an integrated positioning system is proposed based on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/Strapdown Inertial Navigation System (SINS)/Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with low cost and high reliability. The principles of commonly used localization technologies in vehicle positioning are compared and the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) based measurement method is chosen as the integrated positioning system for information fusion considering the complexity of the algorithm, positioning accuracy and hardware requirements in the application scenario. The research of wireless signal propagation loss model of farmland environment More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Efficient Energy Routing Protocol Based on Gradient Descent Method in WSNs

    Ru Jin*, Xinlian Zhou, Yue Wang

    Journal of Information Hiding and Privacy Protection, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 115-123, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jihpp.2020.010180 - 18 December 2020

    Abstract In a wireless sensor network [1], the operation of a node depends on the battery power it carries. Because of the environmental reasons, the node cannot replace the battery. In order to improve the life cycle of the network, energy becomes one of the key problems in the design of the wireless sensor network (WSN) routing protocol [2]. This paper proposes a routing protocol ERGD based on the method of gradient descent that can minimizes the consumption of energy. Within the communication radius of the current node, the distance between the current node and the More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel Fault Tolerance Energy-Aware Clustering Method via Social Spider Optimization (SSO) and Fuzzy Logic and Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

    Shayesteh Tabatabaei1,∗

    Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.35, No.6, pp. 477-494, 2020, DOI:10.32604/csse.2020.35.477

    Abstract In recent years, the application of WSNs has been remarkably increased and notable developments and advances have been achieved in this regard. In particular, thanks to smart, cheaper and smaller nodes, different types of information can be detected and gathered in different environments and under different conditions. As the popularity of WSNs has increased, the problems and issues related to networks are examined and investigated. As a case in point, routing issue is one of the main challenges in this regard which has a direct impact on the performance of sensor networks. In WSN routing,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Novel WSN-Oriented Locating Approach Based on Density

    T. Zhang1,2, D. G. Zhang1,2,*, X. H. Liu1,2, C. L. Gong1,2

    Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.26, No.3, pp. 429-437, 2020, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2020.013919

    Abstract It is known that the locating accuracy of the traditional Distance Vector-HOP (DV-HOP) approach in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) depends on the density of the anchor node. A novel WSN-oriented locating approach based on a node's density is proposed in this paper. The approach can compute the distance of the node based on the maximum likelihood estimation strategy. It can improve the accuracy ratio of the measuring distance among the nodes. The relative nodes of a WSN can find the average hop distances by estimating the distances from themselves to their circular nodes. In More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Adjust Duty Cycle Method for Optimized Congestion Avoidance and Reducing Delay for WSNs

    Ting Xu1, Ming Zhao1, Xin Yao1, *, Kun He2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.65, No.2, pp. 1605-1624, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011458 - 20 August 2020

    Abstract With the expansion of the application range and network scale of wireless sensor networks in recent years, WSNs often generate data surges and delay queues during the transmission process, causing network paralysis, even resulting in local or global congestion. In this paper, a dynamically Adjusted Duty Cycle for Optimized Congestion based on a real-time Queue Length (ADCOC) scheme is proposed. In order to improve the resource utilization rate of network nodes, we carried out optimization analysis based on the theory and applied it to the adjustment of the node’s duty cycle strategy. Using this strategy… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    RFID Based Non-Preemptive Random Sleep Scheduling in WSN

    Tianle Zhang1, Lihua Yin1, Xiang Cui1, *, Abhishek Behl2, Fuqiang Dong3, Ziheng Cheng4, Kuo Ma4

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.65, No.1, pp. 835-845, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.06050 - 23 July 2020

    Abstract In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), because battery and energy supply are constraints, sleep scheduling is always needed to save energy while maintaining connectivity for packet delivery. Traditional schemes have to ensure high duty cycling to ensure enough percentage of active nodes and then derogate the energy efficiency. This paper proposes an RFID based non-preemptive random sleep scheduling scheme with stable low duty cycle. It employs delay tolerant network routing protocol to tackle the frequent disconnections. A low-power RFID based non-preemptive wakeup signal is used to confirm the availability of next-hop before sending packet. It eliminates More >

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