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  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Rate Effect of Adhesive Wear Due to Asperity Plowing

    Jianqiao Hu1,2,*, Hengxu Song1, Xiaoming Liu1,2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.26, No.1, pp. 1-1, 2023, DOI:10.32604/icces.2023.010554

    Abstract Material wear between contact surfaces with relatively sliding can be related to the failure of elevated asperities at small scales. The asperity wear depends on various factors, including material properties, interfacial adhesion, and friction velocity. In this study, using a series of materials characterized by the modified coarse-grained potentials, we studied the rate effect of adhesive wear at the asperity level over a wide range of plowing conditions. The results showed that increasing plowing velocity leads to the transition of the wear mechanism from plasticity-induced asperity smoothing to the formation of fractured debris and thus breaks down the Archard wear… More >

  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    Rate Effect of Adhesive Wear due to Asperity Plowing

    Jianqiao Hu1,2,*, Hengxu Song1, Xiaoming Liu1,2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.25, No.3, pp. 1-1, 2023, DOI:10.32604/icces.2023.010554

    Abstract Material wear between contact surfaces with relatively sliding can be related to the failure of elevated asperities at small scales. The asperity wear depends on various factors, including material properties, interfacial adhesion, and friction velocity. In this study, using a series of materials characterized by the modified coarse-grained potentials, we studied the rate effect of adhesive wear at the asperity level over a wide range of plowing conditions. The results showed that increasing plowing velocity leads to the transition of the wear mechanism from plasticity-induced asperity smoothing to the formation of fractured debris and thus breaks down the Archard wear… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Little Secrets for the Successful Industrial Use of Tannin Adhesives: A Review

    Antonio Pizzi*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.9, pp. 3403-3415, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030930

    Abstract This brief article reviews a very particular and quite narrow field, namely what has been done and what is needed to know for tannin adhesives for wood panels to succeed industrially. The present fashionable focus on bioadhesives has led to producing chemical adhesive formulations and approaches for tannin adhesives as a subject of academic publications. These, as good and original they might be, are and will still remain a rather empty academic exercise if not put to the test of real industrial trials and industrial use. They will remain so without the “little” secrets and techniques outlined here that show… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Study on the Preparation Process Optimization of Plywood Based on a Full Biomass Tannin-Sucrose Wood Adhesive

    Wen Gu#, Xinyue Ding#, Min Tang*, Feiyan Gong*, Shuangshuang Yuan, Jintao Duan

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.8, pp. 3245-3259, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027461

    Abstract Biomass adhesive is conducive to decreasing the dependence of the wood adhesive industry on synthetic resin based on fossil resources and improving the market competitiveness of adhesives. It is also a critical breakthrough to realize the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the wood industry. In this study, a full biomass wood adhesive composed of tannin and sucrose was developed and applied successfully to the preparation of plywood. The preparation technique of plywood was optimized, and the chemical structure, curing performance, crystallization property and thermal performance of the adhesive were investigated. Results showed that: (1) hot-pressing temperature played… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Finite Element Implementation of the Exponential Drucker–Prager Plasticity Model for Adhesive Joints

    Kerati Suwanpakpraek1,3, Baramee Patamaprohm1,3, Sacharuck Pornpeerakeat2,3, Arisara Chaikittiratana1,3,*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.135, No.3, pp. 1765-1778, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.022523

    Abstract

    This paper deals with the numerical implementation of the exponential Drucker-Parger plasticity model in the commercial finite element software, ABAQUS, via user subroutine UMAT for adhesive joint simulations. The influence of hydrostatic pressure on adhesive strength was investigated by a modified Arcan fixture designed particularly to induce a different state of hydrostatic pressure within an adhesive layer. The developed user subroutine UMAT, which utilizes an associated plastic flow during a plastic deformation, can provide a good agreement between the simulations and the experimental data. Better numerical stability at highly positive hydrostatic pressure loads for a very high order of exponential… More > Graphic Abstract

    Finite Element Implementation of the Exponential Drucker–Prager Plasticity Model for Adhesive Joints

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MALDI ToF Investigation of the Reaction of Soy Protein Isolate with Glutaraldehyde for Wood Adhesives

    Qianyu Zhang1,2, Antonio Pizzi3, Hong Lei1,2,*, Xuedong Xi1,2,*, Ming Cao1,2, Long Cao1,2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.3, pp. 1439-1450, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.023535

    Abstract Soy protein adhesives are currently a hot research topic in the wood panels industry for the abundant raw material reserves, reasonable price and outstanding environmental features. But their poor water resistance, low bonding strength and intolerance to mold are major drawbacks, so that proper modification before use is essential. Glutaraldehyde is one of the more apt cross-linking agents for soybean protein adhesives, which can effectively improve the bonding strength and water resistance of the adhesive. Equally, glutaraldehyde is also an efficient and broad-spectrum fungicide that can significantly improve the anti-fungal properties of a soy protein adhesive. In the work presented… More > Graphic Abstract

    MALDI ToF Investigation of the Reaction of Soy Protein Isolate with Glutaraldehyde for Wood Adhesives

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Characterization of Curing and Bonding of Wood with Adhesive Mixtures of Liquefied Wood and Hexamethylenediamine

    Jure Žigon1,*, Vit Šeda2, Petr Čermák2, Milan Šernek1

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.2, pp. 991-1001, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.023584

    Abstract Various crosslinking agents can be added to the formulations of natural-based adhesives for wood bonding in order to achieve better durability and higher strength of the formed joints. In the present study, the effect of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) addition on the performance of liquefied wood (LW) adhesive for wood bonding is investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry showed the improved thermal stability and crosslinking of the LW adhesive with HMDA. The intensified presence of amide linkages (C–N bonds) was found in LW+HMDA with attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Analysis of the bonded joints using an automated bonding evaluation system showed that… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MUF Resins Improved by Citric Acid as Adhesives for Wood Veneer Panels

    Claudio Del Menezzi1,2,3, Antonio Pizzi2,*, Siham Amirou2, Xuedong Xi4,5

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.2, pp. 539-553, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.024971

    Abstract

    This article presents the first applied results of using citric acid in combinations with a melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resin for bonding wood veneers. The chemical reactions involved are shown based on a MALDI ToF analysis of the reaction of the MUF resin with citric acid. The preliminary results of the physical and mechanical properties of the LVL prepared are also presented. Veneers from Populus sp were used to manufacture 5-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL) of small dimensions. Five combinations of the amount of citric acid, MUF spread rate and pressing parameters were tested. LVL bonded with 20% of citric acid +… More > Graphic Abstract

    MUF Resins Improved by Citric Acid as Adhesives for Wood Veneer Panels

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Formaldehyde-Free Wood Composites from Soybean Protein Adhesive

    Richard C. Ferguson, Sharathkumar K. Mendon, James W. Rawlins*, Shelby F. Thames

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 166-172, 2014, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2013.634133

    Abstract Commercial particleboards are currently synthesized by blending wood furnish with formaldehyde-based resins and curing them under a combination of heat and pressure. Particleboards manufactured with urea-formaldehyde resin are known to liberate formaldehyde during their service lives. Formaldehyde’s carcinogenicity has prompted the search for environmentally-friendly resins for wood composite manufacture. Soybean protein-based adhesives have been developed as a renewable and formaldehyde-free replacement for urea-formaldehyde resins. Particleboards processed using the soybean protein adhesive matched or exceeded performance criteria of M-2-grade commercial particleboards when evaluated as per American National Standards Institute (ANSI) specifi cations. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Valorization of Tunisian Pomegranate Peel Tannins in Green Adhesives Formulation

    Houda Saad1,2,*, Antonio Pizzi3,4, Bertrand Charrier2, Naceur Ayed1, Karsten Rode5, Fatima Charrier - El Bouhtoury2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.3, No.1, pp. 34-43, 2015, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2014.634130

    Abstract The possible use of Tunisian pomegranate tannins in wood adhesive formulation was studied for the fi rst time. Colorimetric tests, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-fl ight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were used to examine pomegranate tannins. Analysis showed that pomegranate peels are rich in hydrolyzable tannins. The Stiasny number tests showed the low reactivity of pomegranate tannin extract to formaldehyde and thus the diffi culty of using it in wood adhesive formulation. Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and strength analysis of pomegranate tannin/hexamine-based resin showed weak bonding properties. More >

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