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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Optimizing Activation Temperature of Sustainable Porous Materials Derived from Forestry Residues: Applications in Radar-Absorbing Technologies

    Nila Cecília Faria Lopes Medeiros1,2, Gisele Amaral-Labat1, Leonardo Iusuti de Medeiros1,2, Alan Fernando Ney Boss1, Beatriz Carvalho da Silva Fonseca1, Manuella Gobbo de Castro Munhoz3, Guilherme F. B. Lenz e Silva3, Mauricio Ribeiro Baldan1, Flavia Lega Braghiroli4,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.6, pp. 1021-1042, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0017 - 23 June 2025

    Abstract Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from the thermochemical conversion of biomass under oxygen-free conditions, has emerged as a sustainable resource for radar-absorbing technologies. This study explores the production of activated biochars from end-of-life wood panels using a scalable and sustainable physical activation method with CO2 at different temperatures, avoiding the extensive use of corrosive chemicals and complex procedures associated with chemical or vacuum activation. Compared to conventional chemically or vacuum-activated biochars, the physically activated biochar demonstrated competitive performance while minimizing environmental impact, operational complexity, and energy consumption. Furthermore, activation at 750°C reduces energy consumption by 14%… More > Graphic Abstract

    Optimizing Activation Temperature of Sustainable Porous Materials Derived from Forestry Residues: Applications in Radar-Absorbing Technologies

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Impact of Pyrolysis Parameters on Biochar and Activated Carbon Properties from Cistus ladaniferus for Environmental Applications

    Hammadi El Farissi1,2,*, Anass Choukoud1,2, Bouchaib Manoun3,4, Mohamed El Massaoudi5,6, Abdelmonaem Talhaoui2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.6, pp. 1251-1266, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0004 - 23 June 2025

    Abstract In light of the growing urgency to address environmental degradation and improve carbon sequestration strategies, this study rigorously investigates the potential of Cistus ladaniferus as a viable feedstock for biochar and activated carbon production. The influence of pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and particle size on biochar yield was systematically examined. The results demonstrate that increasing pyrolysis temperature and heating rate significantly reduces biochar yield, while particle size plays a crucial role in thermal degradation and biochar retention. To evaluate the structural and chemical properties of the materials, various characterization techniques were employed, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy… More > Graphic Abstract

    Impact of Pyrolysis Parameters on Biochar and Activated Carbon Properties from <i>Cistus ladaniferus</i> for Environmental Applications

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Preparation of N,S-Doped Biochar via Modulating Chitosan and Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate Interaction and Its Adsorption Performance

    Jun-Jie Yang1, Ran An1, Jing-Heng Nie1, Hao-Miao Ma1, Yu-Qing Yan1, Yuan-Ru Guo1,*, Qing-Jiang Pan2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.5, pp. 885-900, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02024-0066 - 20 May 2025

    Abstract To achieve the sustainable development and carbon neutral target, biomass chitosan (CS) was used to prepare N,S-doped biochar (NSB) with the assistance of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS). The synthetic route was developed, which does not require the activation that is frequently-used for active carbon materials. By manipulating their interaction, SDBS was deposited with CS in neutral and basic conditions. Subsequent calcination successfully has access to NSB. It features with hierarchical porous structure and abundant functional groups. The dually-doped NSB bears excellent adsorption performance towards chlortetracycline (CTC). The adsorption capacity reaches 101.3 mg g−1 within 4 More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Biochar Amendments in Soil: A Sustainable Approach for Mitigating Heavy Metal Stress in Plants

    Shahin Imran1,2,#,*, Mousumi Jahan Sumi3,#, Israt Jahan Harine4, Newton Chandra Paul1, Md. Asif Mahamud5, Rakibul Hasan Md. Rabbi5, Marian Brestic6, Mohammad Saidur Rhaman7,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1073-1109, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.064046 - 30 April 2025

    Abstract Heavy metal (HM) accumulation in soil poses a major hazard to both ecological health and plant growth progressions. Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) are examples of HMs that negatively impact the growth and development of plants, resulting in lower agricultural output and food safety concerns. Biochar (BC), a substance rich in carbon that is formed by pyrolyzing natural biomass, has demonstrated remarkable promise in reducing HM stress in polluted soils. Research has shown that BC effectively lowers plant uptake of metals, and enhances soil qualities,… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Function of Biochar: Alleviation of Heat Stress in Plants and Improvement of Soil Microbial Communities

    Arpita Rani Roy1, Israt Jahan2, Sharah Jabeen Mou2, Md. Farhan Hasin3, Prodipto Bishnu Angon1,*, Rebeka Sultana2, Badhon Mazumder4, Md. Arif Sakil5,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.4, pp. 1177-1210, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.063675 - 30 April 2025

    Abstract Global warming is making plants more susceptible to heat stress. Hence, adjustments to crop production systems are required for global food security. Heat stress (HS) poses a threat to the quality of ecosystems and global food security due to its adverse effects on plant development. The degree to which HS affects physiological disruptions, physical harm, and biochemical changes at various growth stages directly correlates with its effects on physiological functions, plant growth, and crop production. One promising approach is soil modification using biochar, which enhances soil health and promotes the development of microbial communities, ultimately… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Biochar, Properties and Skills with a Focus on Implications for Vineyard Land and Grapevine Performance

    Pamela Lippi, Giovan Battista Mattii, Eleonora Cataldo*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.1, pp. 33-64, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.059997 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract Biochar has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing vineyard sustainability by improving soil properties and mitigating climate change impacts. This review highlights key findings on biochar’s role in viticulture, focusing on its effects on soil fertility, water retention, and plant physiology. Field and pot studies demonstrate that biochar amendments enhance soil structure, increase cation exchange capacity (CEC), and promote water availability, leading to improved drought resistance in grapevines. However, the impacts on grape yield, physiology, and quality remain inconclusive, with some studies reporting benefits while others show neutral effects. Future research should focus on More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Biochar as a Climate-Smart Agricultural Practice: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Promoting Sustainable Farming

    Muhammad Nazim1,2,*, Abdul Ghafoor3,*, Abida Hussain4, Mehwish Tabassum5, Aamir Nawaz6, Muhammad Ahmad7, Murad Muhammad1,2, Muqarrab Ali4

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.1, pp. 65-99, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.058970 - 24 January 2025

    Abstract In recent years, the world has faced rising global temperatures, accumulative pollution, and energy crises, stimulating scientists worldwide to strive for eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions. Biochar has materialized as a favorable tool for environmental remediation, indicating efficacy as an efficient sorbent substance for both inorganic and organic pollutants in environmental field. These unique properties exclude improved surface functionality, porous morphology, large specific surface area (SSA), cation exchange capacity (CEC), robust adsorption capabilities, environmental stability, and embedded micronutrients. Biochar exhibited potential characteristics for environmental oversight, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, and soil fertility improvement. This review… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Mitigation of Detrimental Effects of Salinity on Sweet Pepper through Biochar-Based Fertilizers Derived from Date Palm Wastes

    Adil Mihoub1,*, Mohammed Mesnoua1, Nabil Touzout2, Reguia Zeguerrou1, Nourelislm Siabdallah1, Chawqi Benchikh1, Saliha Benaoune1, Aftab Jamal3, Domenico Ronga4, Jakub Černý5,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.11, pp. 2993-3011, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.057536 - 30 November 2024

    Abstract Globally, salinity is a brutal environmental constraint that poses a major threat to agriculture worldwide, causing nutrient imbalances and oxidative stress, leading to reduced crop yields and quality. Date palm waste from the agro-industry is a major environmental problem, but its conversion to biochar for soil amendment could help alleviate the effects of salinity stress. Pepper is a commonly grown horticultural crop that is sensitive to salinity. That’s why the current experiment was conducted with the novel idea of exploring the potential use of biochar-based fertilizer derived from date palm waste as a mitigation strategy… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Removal of Dye Using Lignin-Based Biochar/Poly(ester amide urethane) Nanocomposites from Contaminated Wastewater

    Annesha Kar1, Niranjan Karak1,2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.9, pp. 1507-1540, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.052220 - 25 September 2024

    Abstract The pursuit of incorporating eco-friendly reinforcing agents in polymer composites has accentuated the exploration of various natural biomass-derived materials. The burgeoning environmental crisis spurred by the discharge of synthetic dyes into wastewater has catalyzed the search for effective and sustainable treatment technologies. Among the various sorbent materials explored, biochar, being renewable, has gained prominence due to its excellent adsorption properties and environmental sustainability. It has also emerged as a focal point for its potential to replace other conventional reinforcing agents, viz., fumed silica, aluminum oxide, treated clays, etc. This study introduces a novel class of… More > Graphic Abstract

    Removal of Dye Using Lignin-Based Biochar/Poly(ester amide urethane) Nanocomposites from Contaminated Wastewater

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Responses of Wheat Production, Quality, and Soil Profile Properties to Biochar Applied at Different Seasons in a Rice-Wheat Rotation

    Lipei Chen, Rilie Deng, Xuewen Li, Min Yu, Hongdong Xiao*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.12, pp. 3359-3370, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.046877 - 28 December 2023

    Abstract

    In the rice-wheat rotation system, biochar (BC) can be applied at the initiation of the rice or wheat season. Here, we compared the effects of BC that were applied at two different crop seasons on wheat production, quality, and soil profile properties in a rice-wheat rotation system with nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied at 280 kg/ha rate. Results showed that both wheat grain production and N recovery use efficiency were influenced by BC applied at two crop seasons. Biochar application did not affect the total non-essential amino-acid, but when applied during wheat season, BC significantly (p

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