Yuh-Shihng Chang¹, Hsuan-Chao Huang^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.89, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.083954 - 13 August 2026

Abstract The integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), digital twins, and artificial intelligence (AI) has enabled advanced smart building operations with real-time monitoring and data driven decision-making capabilities. However, existing systems still face critical challenges in ensuring trusted data provenance, secure cross-layer data exchange, and robust access control in distributed IoT environments. These limitations significantly affect the reliability and trustworthiness of data driven analytics and system-level decision-making. To address these challenges, this study proposes a blockchain-assisted BIM–IoT digital twin architecture for trusted operational risk prediction in smart buildings. The proposed framework integrates… More >

Lianglei Yin¹, Shuhong Li^1,*, Jun Wu², Jianbing Zhu², Jingjie An², Wei Sheng³

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.9, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.084035 - 06 August 2026

Abstract To reduce the reheating energy consumption in traditional constant temperature and humidity air conditioning systems, a constant temperature and humidity air conditioning system with condensation heat compensation function is proposed. This system performs reheating treatment on the supply air by combining condensation heat recovery with electric heating, realizing decoupled control of temperature and humidity and ensuring control accuracy. A system model and corresponding experimental platform are established to verify the model’s accuracy, and the experimental results show that the system has a temperature control accuracy of ±0.2°C and a relative humidity control accuracy of ±2%. More >

Jiawang Zou, Annan Jiang^*, Xinzhi Wang, Hao Huang

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.148, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2026.082647 - 27 July 2026

Abstract Accurate forecasting of settlement in buildings adjacent to shield tunnels remains a critical challenge in underground engineering due to complex spatiotemporal interactions and nonlinear relationships among multi-source monitoring data and construction parameters. To address this issue, a Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA)-optimized Convolutional Neural Network–Long Short-Term Memory–Transformer (CNN-LSTM-Transformer) hybrid framework is proposed, explicitly incorporating the relative spatial relationship between the shield excavation face and adjacent structures. In this framework, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) module extracts spatial features from monitoring data and tunneling parameters, capturing interdependencies among different construction indicators and reflecting local spatial heterogeneity of… More > Graphic Abstract

Zewen Ge^1,*, Jihui Liu², Shuai Yuan¹, Mufan Zhuang^3,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.082217 - 12 July 2026

Abstract Limiting warming to the Paris temperature goals requires a rapid scale-up of low-carbon energy, yet recent experience suggests that deployment is increasingly shaped by delivery constraints rather than by technology cost trends alone. This review synthesizes peer-reviewed evidence on five constraints that repeatedly slow net-zero buildouts: lengthy approval and grid-connection processes; capital-intensive investment profiles that heighten sensitivity to the cost of capital and revenue risk; bottlenecks in critical minerals, processing, and manufacturing; social contestation and local governance that translate into siting exclusions, delays, and cancellations; and modeling traditions that can underrepresent these non-marginal frictions. Accordingly,… More > Graphic Abstract

Chuan Lin^*, Weixian Chen, Guangtao Hao^*

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.080605 - 12 July 2026

Abstract Accurate building electricity load forecasting (BELF) can provide a regulatory basis for building energy management systems and promote the transition of buildings toward low-carbon and intelligent operation modes. However, building electricity load is influenced by historical loads, as well as outside environmental conditions such as humidity and temperature, which reduces the prediction accuracy of models. To tackle these challenges, this study presents a BELF model, which consists of a modal component grouping approach, grouped feature attention mechanism, and multi-scale residual depthwise convolution memory module. First, the modal component grouping method analyzes building electricity load in… More >

Franjo Pranjić^1,*, Doris Beljan², Primož Praper³, Matej Fike¹, Peter Virtič¹, Antun Pfeifer², Neven Duić^2,4

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.080284 - 12 July 2026

Abstract This paper evaluates the role of aggregated demand-side flexibility from public buildings in supporting renewable energy integration and decarbonization of the Slovenian energy system. Using high-resolution monitoring data from over 100 public buildings and the H2RES energy system optimization model, two long-term scenarios are analyzed for the period 2020–2050: a reference scenario without public building flexibility and a flexibility scenario in which public building heat demand is electrified via heat pumps. The year 2020 is used as an internally consistent optimization reference for demand levels and technology availability, rather than as a statistical reconstruction of… More >

Federico Minelli^1,*, Diana D’Agostino¹, Vennapusa Jagadeeswara Reddy², Panagiotis Michailidis^3,4

Energy Engineering, Vol.123, No.6, 2026, DOI:10.32604/ee.2026.074048 - 27 May 2026

Abstract This study investigates the problem of prioritizing rooftop renewable energy (RE) system configurations for a multi-family residential building in Mediterranean climate. The analysis focuses on fixed-tilt photovoltaics (PV), single-axis and dual-axis tracking PV, and small vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWT), each assessed with and without lithium-ion storage. A co-simulation framework is used, coupling EnergyPlus building-HVAC system simulation with PV and wind generation modeling and rule-based battery dispatch to evaluate hourly demand–supply interactions. Three decision criteria are considered for each alternative: total system cost, annual building electric energy demand reduction, and net avoided life-cycle emissions. Stakeholder preferences… More > Graphic Abstract

Minyan Zhan¹, Wei Yang^2,3, Minghao Wu^4,*, Hsin-Yi Wang⁵, Yu-Hsien Ho⁵

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.20, No.3, 2026, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2026.077926 - 18 May 2026

Abstract The inclination of wooden columns is a key indicator for evaluating the structural safety of traditional timber buildings in China. However, accurate measurement is challenging because these columns typically exhibit natural tapering, with diameters decreasing from the base to the top, and surface irregularities such as artificial cuts, cracks, and knots. Both the intrinsic geometric characteristics and surface defects reduce the precision of coordinate acquisition and the reliability of inclination estimation. To overcome these limitations, this study proposes a novel inclination measurement method for wooden columns in traditional timber buildings based on multi-section measurement and… More >

Marina Astanina, Igor Miroshnichenko^*, Gennadii Shashkin, Mikhail Sheremet

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.24, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/fhmt.2026.077952 - 30 April 2026

Abstract This paper explores the thermal behavior of a composite building element consisting of two air cavities inside a porous layer under isothermal heating of the side walls. The system presents a model of a thermal protection element or building envelope where heat transfer occurs through combined conduction in the porous medium and natural convection in the air gaps. The mathematical formulation is based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the Darcy-Brinkman formulation for the porous structure. The natural convection problem has been solved using the ψ–ω–θ formulation in dimensionless form (ψ—stream function, ω—vorticity, θ—temperature). The main… More >

Ju He^1,#, Peiwen Zhao^2,#, Dongyang Han³, Kexin Lv², Jiuping Rao^3,*, Xinqiang Ye⁴, Guodong Ruan⁴, Fei Guo³, Mizi Fan^3,*, Weigang Zhao^3,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0012 - 24 April 2026

Abstract This study presents a systematic evaluation of bamboo-derived activated carbons (ACs) prepared using three alkaline activating agents-KOH, KHCO₃, and K₂CO₃-for efficient formaldehyde adsorption. The pore structures of the resulting ACs were modulated by varying the alkali-to-carbon (A/C) ratio from 1:1 to 4:1, and the effects on microstructure and adsorption performance were thoroughly investigated. Among all samples, AC-MB@KOH(3) demonstrated superior performance, featuring a high specific surface area of 2141.77 m²/g and a removal efficiency of 90%, attributed to its rich microporous texture and well-developed hierarchical porosity. Comparative analysis revealed that the activation strength and decomposition behavior of different More > Graphic Abstract