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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Surface Quality of Wood from Bosnia and Herzegovina Exposed to Outdoor Conditions

    Redžo Hasanagić1,*, Umejr Šljivo1, Leila Fathi2, Pallavi Gautam3, Mohsen Bahmani2,*, Miha Humar4

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.8, pp. 1417-1431, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.052826 - 06 September 2024

    Abstract This study investigated the mechanical properties of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir (Abies alba) wood from Bosnia and Herzegovina under outdoor exposure. Samples were exposed for 3-month exposure to assess bending strength, color changes, and surface quality. Results showed outdoor exposure negatively affected mechanical properties, particularly in samples with extended finger joints, causing significant surface cracks in uncoated samples. Beech wood exhibited notable color changes under exposure, with approximately 50% darkening without coating compared to 25% under covered conditions. Coated samples displayed minimal color changes, affirming the efficacy of surface treatment. Fir wood exhibited a roughness More > Graphic Abstract

    Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Surface Quality of Wood from Bosnia and Herzegovina Exposed to Outdoor Conditions

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Shrinkage Reducing Agent and Steel Fiber on the Fluidity and Cracking Performance of Ultra-High Performance Concrete

    Yong Wan1, Li Li1, Jiaxin Zou1, Hucheng Xiao2, Mengdi Zhu2, Ying Su2, Jin Yang2,*

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.9, pp. 1941-1956, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2024.053910 - 23 August 2024

    Abstract Due to the low water-cement ratio of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), fluidity and shrinkage cracking are key aspects determining the performance and durability of this type of concrete. In this study, the effects of different types of cementitious materials, chemical shrinkage-reducing agents (SRA) and steel fiber (SF) were assessed. Compared with M2-UHPC and M3-UHPC, M1-UHPC was found to have better fluidity and shrinkage cracking performance. Moreover, different SRA incorporation methods, dosage and different SF types and aspect ratios were implemented. The incorporation of SRA and SF led to a decrease in the fluidity of UHPC. SRA More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    FDSC-YOLOv8: Advancements in Automated Crack Identification for Enhanced Safety in Underground Engineering

    Rui Wang1, Zhihui Liu2,*, Hongdi Liu3, Baozhong Su4, Chuanyi Ma5

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.3, pp. 3035-3049, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.050806 - 08 July 2024

    Abstract In underground engineering, the detection of structural cracks on tunnel surfaces stands as a pivotal task in ensuring the health and reliability of tunnel structures. However, the dim and dusty environment inherent to underground engineering poses considerable challenges to crack segmentation. This paper proposes a crack segmentation algorithm termed as Focused Detection for Subsurface Cracks YOLOv8 (FDSC-YOLOv8) specifically designed for underground engineering structural surfaces. Firstly, to improve the extraction of multi-layer convolutional features, the fixed convolutional module is replaced with a deformable convolutional module. Secondly, the model’s receptive field is enhanced by introducing a multi-branch More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Rapid and Accurate Identification of Concrete Surface Cracks via a Lightweight & Efficient YOLOv3 Algorithm

    Haoan Gu1, Kai Zhu1, Alfred Strauss2, Yehui Shi3,4, Dragoslav Sumarac5, Maosen Cao1,*

    Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 363-380, 2024, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2024.042388 - 05 June 2024

    Abstract Concrete materials and structures are extensively used in transformation infrastructure and they usually bear cracks during their long-term operation. Detecting cracks using deep-learning algorithms like YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once version 3) is a new trend to pursue intelligent detection of concrete surface cracks. YOLOv3 is a typical deep-learning algorithm used for object detection. Owing to its generality, YOLOv3 lacks specific efficiency and accuracy in identifying concrete surface cracks. An improved algorithm based on YOLOv3, specialized in the rapid and accurate identification of concrete surface cracks is worthy of investigation. This study proposes a tailored… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Coupling Effect of Cryogenic Freeze-Thaw Cycles and Chloride Ion Erosion Effect in Pre-Cracked Reinforced Concrete

    Yang Li, Sibo Jiang*, Ruixin Lan

    Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 255-276, 2024, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2024.047776 - 15 May 2024

    Abstract Chloride (Cl) ion erosion effects can seriously impact the safety and service life of marine liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage tanks and other polar offshore structures. This study investigates the impact of different low-temperature cycles (20°C, –80°C, and −160°C) and concrete specimen crack widths (0, 0.3, and 0.6 mm) on the Cl ion diffusion performance through rapid erosion tests conducted on pre-cracked concrete. The results show that the minimum temperature and crack width of freeze-thaw cycles enhance the erosive effect of chloride ions. The Cl ion concentration and growth rate increased with the increasing crack More > Graphic Abstract

    Coupling Effect of Cryogenic Freeze-Thaw Cycles and Chloride Ion Erosion Effect in Pre-Cracked Reinforced Concrete

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Automatic Road Tunnel Crack Inspection Based on Crack Area Sensing and Multiscale Semantic Segmentation

    Dingping Chen1, Zhiheng Zhu2, Jinyang Fu1,3, Jilin He1,*

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 1679-1703, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.049048 - 25 April 2024

    Abstract The detection of crack defects on the walls of road tunnels is a crucial step in the process of ensuring travel safety and performing routine tunnel maintenance. The automatic and accurate detection of cracks on the surface of road tunnels is the key to improving the maintenance efficiency of road tunnels. Machine vision technology combined with a deep neural network model is an effective means to realize the localization and identification of crack defects on the surface of road tunnels. We propose a complete set of automatic inspection methods for identifying cracks on the walls… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Lightweight Network with Dual Encoder and Cross Feature Fusion for Cement Pavement Crack Detection

    Zhong Qu1,*, Guoqing Mu1, Bin Yuan2

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 255-273, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.048175 - 16 April 2024

    Abstract Automatic crack detection of cement pavement chiefly benefits from the rapid development of deep learning, with convolutional neural networks (CNN) playing an important role in this field. However, as the performance of crack detection in cement pavement improves, the depth and width of the network structure are significantly increased, which necessitates more computing power and storage space. This limitation hampers the practical implementation of crack detection models on various platforms, particularly portable devices like small mobile devices. To solve these problems, we propose a dual-encoder-based network architecture that focuses on extracting more comprehensive fracture feature… More > Graphic Abstract

    A Lightweight Network with Dual Encoder and Cross Feature Fusion for Cement Pavement Crack Detection

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Coupled Thermomechanical Crack Propagation Behavior of Brittle Materials by Peridynamic Differential Operator

    Tianyi Li1,2, Xin Gu2, Qing Zhang2,*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 339-361, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.047566 - 16 April 2024

    Abstract This study proposes a comprehensive, coupled thermomechanical model that replaces local spatial derivatives in classical differential thermomechanical equations with nonlocal integral forms derived from the peridynamic differential operator (PDDO), eliminating the need for calibration procedures. The model employs a multi-rate explicit time integration scheme to handle varying time scales in multi-physics systems. Through simulations conducted on granite and ceramic materials, this model demonstrates its effectiveness. It successfully simulates thermal damage behavior in granite arising from incompatible mineral expansion and accurately calculates thermal crack propagation in ceramic slabs during quenching. To account for material heterogeneity, the More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Fatigue Crack Propagation Law of Corroded Steel Box Girders in Long Span Bridges

    Ying Wang1,*, Longxiao Chao1, Jun Chen2, Songbai Jiang1

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 201-227, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.046129 - 16 April 2024

    Abstract In order to investigate the fatigue performance of orthotropic anisotropic steel bridge decks, this study realizes the simulation of the welding process through elastic-plastic finite element theory, thermal-structural sequential coupling, and the birth-death element method. The simulated welding residual stresses are introduced into the multiscale finite element model of the bridge as the initial stress. Furthermore, the study explores the impact of residual stress on crack propagation in the fatigue-vulnerable components of the corroded steel box girder. The results indicate that fatigue cracks at the weld toe of the top deck, the weld root of… More > Graphic Abstract

    Fatigue Crack Propagation Law of Corroded Steel Box Girders in Long Span Bridges

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review on Finite Element Alternating Methods for Analyzing 2D and 3D Cracks

    Jai Hak Park*

    Digital Engineering and Digital Twin, Vol.2, pp. 79-101, 2024, DOI:10.32604/dedt.2024.047280 - 25 March 2024

    Abstract A finite element alternating method has been known as a very convenient and accurate method to solve two and three-dimensional crack problems. In this method, a general crack problem is solved by a superposition of two solutions. One is a finite element solution for a finite body without a crack, and the other is an analytical solution for a crack in an infinite body. Since a crack is not considered in a finite element model, generating a model is very simple. The method is especially very convenient for a fatigue crack growth simulation. Over the More >

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