Wei Tian¹, Lingdi Liu¹, Zhongxing Song², Zhishu Tang², Chunxiu Wen¹, Tao Jiang^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.2, pp. 369-382, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.023184

Abstract The extract from Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (SZS) contains many secondary metabolites (flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids), widely reported for their high medicinal value. In order to know the number and type of flavonoids and the regulating mechanism of flavonoid biosynthesis during the growth and development of SZS, we identified and analyzed the flavonoid metabolites and genes in SZS using metabolomic and transcriptomic. A total of 13,232 differentially expressed genes and 83 flavonoid metabolites were identified at three different growth and development stages (T1, T2, and T3) of SZS. The main flavonoid metabolic components of SZS were catechin, L-epicatechin, (–)-epigallocatechin, (+)-gallocatechin, spinosin… More >

Yu Zai^*, Shaohua Liu

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.1, pp. 225-236, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.022576

Abstract Kosteletzkya virginica (K. virginica) is used for revegetation of salt-affected coastal tidal flats and as a raw material of biodiesel. K. virginica root tuber, a biowaste with low economic value, is rich in bioactive compounds. This study aimed to extract and identify flavonoids from K. virginica root tubers. The optimal extraction conditions were 1/25 (w/v) solid/liquid ratio, 40% ethanol concentration at 40°C for 60 min. Under these conditions, 65.2 ± 3.7 mg/g total flavonoid content was extracted from the roots, which were collected from salinized soil in late autumn of the third year. Antioxidant activity was evaluated through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl… More >

Yanzhao Zhang^*, Chenyang Yu, Xi Lu, Yanwei Cheng

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.11, pp. 2505-2518, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021455

Abstract Tree peony cultivars with yellow flowers are rare and valuable, but the molecular mechanism of pigment accumulation is not clear. In this study, the petal transcriptome of three developmental stages were sequenced to determine the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulating yellow flowers color. The results showed that 10,842 and 12,022 DEGs were screened in stage 1 vs. stage 2 and in stage 2 vs. stage 3, respectively. Through analysis of flavonoid structural genes (FSGs), we found that the transcription level of DFR was very low in the three developmental stages. In a small group of cultivars, the DFR transcription level… More >

Mengjiao Chen^1,2, Jinhui Zhai³, Jiajia Zhang^1,4,5,6, Hui Li^1,2, Xinjiang Niu^1,2, Yaxin Liu^1,2, Yue Ren^1,2, Hongyan Du^1,4,5,6, Jingle Zhu^1,4,5,6,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.5, pp. 1027-1044, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.019106

Abstract Eucommia ulmoides ‘Hongye’ is a new ornamental variety of E. ulmoides with excellent red or purple foliage. We found that E. ulmoides ‘Hongye’ exhibited a gradual change from green to red colour under light conditions. However, the colouring mechanism in the leaves of E. ulmoides ‘Hongye’ remains unclear. In this study, we compared the pigment content and leaf colour index of E. ulmoides ‘Hongye’ at five stages with those of E. ulmoides ‘Xiaoye’, which was used as the control variety. The transcriptome sequencing data of the first-period (H1, green) and fifth-period (H5, red) leaves were also analysed and compared. The… More >

Simiao Wang^1,#, Xue Li^1,#, Boxue Chen¹, Shitong Li¹, Jiali Wang¹, Jing Wang², Mingshuo Yang³, Xiaoyan Xu¹, Hongda Wang¹, Wenzhi Yang^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.3, pp. 541-567, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018571

Abstract The complex composition of herbal metabolites necessitates the development of powerful analytical techniques aimed to identify the bioactive components. The seeds of Descurainia sophia (SDS) are utilized in China as a cough and asthma relieving agent. Herein, a dimension-enhanced integral approach, by combining ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS) and intelligent peak annotation, was developed to rapidly characterize the multicomponents from SDS. Good chromatographic separation was achieved within 38 min on a UPLC CSH C18 (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) column which was eluted by 0.1% formic acid in water (water phase) and acetonitrile (organic phase).… More >

ZHIMEI TANG, QIANG ZHANG^*

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.2, pp. 357-366, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.015958

Abstract Flavonoids are a class of phytochemical molecules abundant in many plants, fruits, vegetables, and leaves. Flavonoids possess a series of significant biological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, and antiinflammatory properties. They become an important source of dietary supplements and natural health products. Though many studies confirmed the safety of flavonoids, the potential toxicity of flavonoids is still a remarkable field of research to be explored. The enthusiasm for flavonoids expressed by the public has sometimes overlooked their toxicity and also consumed the flavonoids exceeding the body requirements. The current review focused on the potential toxicity of flavonoids to make the… More >

JIANFEI GAO¹, KANGNING XIONG^2,*, WEIJIE LI¹, WEI ZHOU³

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.1, pp. 285-296, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.016253

Abstract Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) is a woody wine plant with a peculiar fruit enriched in important health-promoting compounds. The non-editable part of the fruit, i.e., the seed and peel, represents more than 60% of the fruit and is considered a biowaste. This significantly restricts the development of the K. coccinea fruit industry. Clarifying the metabolic components of the different fruit parts can help to improve the utilization rate and valorization of K. coccinea. Herein, we evaluated K. coccinea fruit peel, pulp, and seed using widely-targeted metabolomics and quantified a set of 736 bioactive compounds from 11 major metabolite classes. The most… More >

Olha Mykhailenko^1,*, Ivan Bezruk¹, Victoriia Volochai², Volodymyr Mishchenko³, Liudas Ivanauskas⁴, Victoriya Georgiyants¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.1, pp. 207-221, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.016458

Abstract The numerous studies indicate leaves of plants are a rich source of bioactive compounds that can be a valuable source of compounds used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and the antioxidant property of Crocus speciosus leaves. Primary phytochemical screening of C. speciosus leaves revealed the presence of some following compound categories such as phenolic compounds, aminoacids, saponins, proteins, tannins, triterpenoids, glycosides, polysaccharides. The total flavonoids and phenolic compounds content were determined spectrophotometrically and by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS. Antiradical activity was determined by ABTS radical-cation scavenging method, spectrophotometrically. The total… More >

Yifu Liu^1,2, Jiazhen Wang^1,2,*, Yao Xiao¹, Xiongwen Shi¹, Yixia Zeng¹

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.5, pp. 1549-1558, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015557

Abstract The chemical compositions of tea (Camellia sinensis) are affected by numerous factors, such as cultivar, climate, leaf position, and cultivation pattern. However, under the same conditions, the chemical compositions are mainly determined by varieties. Therefore, we investigated the genetic diversity of chemical compositions of tea tree resources in China to screen excellent germplasm resources. Three chemical compositions index (including chlorophyll index, flavonoid index, and anthocyanin index) and the nitrogen balance index of tea leaves were measured in 102 tea germplasms planted in Chinese Tea Plants Improved Variety Germplasm Resources Nursery (CTPIVGRN) by Dualex on April 15 2019. Results showed that… More >

Jiao Deng^1,2,#, Fen Dong^3,#, Chaoxin Wu¹, Jiali Zhao¹, Hongyou Li¹, Juan Huang¹, Taoxiong Shi¹, Ziye Meng¹, Fang Cai¹, Qingfu Chen^1,*, Pingfang Yang^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.3, pp. 859-870, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.014625

Abstract Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), a specialty crop in southwest China, is not only used as a supplement to primary grain crops but also to produce beverages, such as tea and wine. To fully exploit the products made from common buckwheat flower, ultra-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization– tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–ESI–MS/MS) was conducted to analyze the metabolites in red- (‘Guihong 2’) and white-flowered (‘Fengtian 1’) buckwheat cultivars. A total of 784 metabolites were identified of which flavonoids were the largest group with 191 components, followed by organic acids and derivatives (126), and amino acids and derivatives (95). Besides, dozens of phenylpropanoids, nucleotides… More >