Muhammad Fezan Afzal¹, Imran Khan¹, Javed Rashid^1,2,3, Mubbashar Saddique^4,*, Heba G. Mohamed⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.3, pp. 3653-3670, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.041627

Abstract Software Product Line (SPL) is a group of software-intensive systems that share common and variable resources for developing a particular system. The feature model is a tree-type structure used to manage SPL’s common and variable features with their different relations and problem of Crosstree Constraints (CTC). CTC problems exist in groups of common and variable features among the sub-tree of feature models more diverse in Internet of Things (IoT) devices because different Internet devices and protocols are communicated. Therefore, managing the CTC problem to achieve valid product configuration in IoT-based SPL is more complex, time-consuming, and hard. However, the CTC… More >

Yu-Rim Lee¹, Na-Eun Park¹, Seo-Yi Kim², Il-Gu Lee^1,2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.3, pp. 3465-3482, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.041196

Abstract With the introduction of 5G technology, the application of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is expanding to various industrial fields. However, introducing a robust, lightweight, low-cost, and low-power security solution to the IoT environment is challenging. Therefore, this study proposes two methods using a data compression technique to detect malicious traffic efficiently and accurately for a secure IoT environment. The first method, compressed sensing and learning (CSL), compresses an event log in a bitmap format to quickly detect attacks. Then, the attack log is detected using a machine-learning classification model. The second method, precise re-learning after CSL (Ra-CSL), comprises a… More >

Shuo Cai¹, Tingyu Luo¹, Fei Yu^1,*, Pradip Kumar Sharma², Weizheng Wang¹, Lairong Yin³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.3, pp. 2763-2777, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.037825

Abstract In the Internet of Things (IoT) system, relay communication is widely used to solve the problem of energy loss in long-distance transmission and improve transmission efficiency. In Body Sensor Network (BSN) systems, biosensors communicate with receiving devices through relay nodes to improve their limited energy efficiency. When the relay node fails, the biosensor can communicate directly with the receiving device by releasing more transmitting power. However, if the remaining battery power of the biosensor is insufficient to enable it to communicate directly with the receiving device, the biosensor will be isolated by the system. Therefore, a new combinatorial analysis method… More >

Senshan Ouyang^1,2, Xiang Liu², Lei Liu², Shangchao Wang², Baichuan Shao³, Yang Zhao^3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.1, pp. 903-915, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.028895

Abstract With the continuous expansion of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), more and more organisations are placing large amounts of data in the cloud to reduce overheads. However, the channel between cloud servers and smart equipment is not trustworthy, so the issue of data authenticity needs to be addressed. The SM2 digital signature algorithm can provide an authentication mechanism for data to solve such problems. Unfortunately, it still suffers from the problem of key exposure. In order to address this concern, this study first introduces a key-insulated scheme, SM2-KI-SIGN, based on the SM2 algorithm. This scheme boasts strong key insulation… More >

Oliva Debnath¹, Saptarshi Debnath¹, Sreyashi Karmakar², MD Tausif Mallick³, Himadri Nath Saha^4,*

Journal on Internet of Things, Vol.5, pp. 13-43, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jiot.2023.039391

Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) will significantly impact our social and economic lives in the near future. Many Internet of Things (IoT) applications aim to automate multiple tasks so inactive physical objects can behave independently of others. IoT devices, however, are also vulnerable, mostly because they lack the essential built-in security to thwart attackers. It is essential to perform the necessary adjustments in the structure of the IoT systems in order to create an end-to-end secure IoT environment. As a result, the IoT designs that are now in use do not completely support all of the advancements that have been… More >

Sun-Woo Yun¹, Na-Eun Park¹, Il-Gu Lee^1,2,*

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.37, No.3, pp. 2897-2917, 2023, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2023.039940

Abstract As time and space constraints decrease due to the development of wireless communication network technology, the scale and scope of cyberattacks targeting the Internet of Things (IoT) are increasing. However, it is difficult to apply high-performance security modules to the IoT owing to the limited battery, memory capacity, and data transmission performance depending on the size of the device. Conventional research has mainly reduced power consumption by lightening encryption algorithms. However, it is difficult to defend large-scale information systems and networks against advanced and intelligent attacks because of the problem of deteriorating security performance. In this study, we propose wake-up… More >

Wen-Tsai Sung¹, Indra Griha Tofik Isa^1,2, Sung-Jung Hsiao^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.2, pp. 2179-2200, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.041022

Abstract Indonesia is a producer in the fisheries sector, with production reaching 14.8 million tons in 2022. The production potential of the fisheries sector can be optimally optimized through aquaculture management. One of the most important issues in aquaculture management is how to efficiently control the fish pond water conditions. IoT technology can be applied to support a fish pond aquaculture monitoring system, especially for catfish species (Siluriformes), in real-time and remotely. One of the technologies that can provide this convenience is the IoT. The problem of this study is how to integrate IoT devices with Firebase’s cloud data system to… More >

Anıl Sezgin^1,2,*, Aytuğ Boyacı³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.2, pp. 2121-2143, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.040287

Abstract By identifying and responding to any malicious behavior that could endanger the system, the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is crucial for preserving the security of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) network. The benefit of anomaly-based IDS is that they are able to recognize zero-day attacks due to the fact that they do not rely on a signature database to identify abnormal activity. In order to improve control over datasets and the process, this study proposes using an automated machine learning (AutoML) technique to automate the machine learning processes for IDS. Our ground-breaking architecture, known as AID4I, makes use of… More >

Alaa Omran Almagrabi^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.2, pp. 2079-2093, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.039683

Abstract A potential concept that could be effective for multiple applications is a “cyber-physical system” (CPS). The Internet of Things (IoT) has evolved as a research area, presenting new challenges in obtaining valuable data through environmental monitoring. The existing work solely focuses on classifying the audio system of CPS without utilizing feature extraction. This study employs a deep learning method, CNN-LSTM, and two-way feature extraction to classify audio systems within CPS. The primary objective of this system, which is built upon a convolutional neural network (CNN) with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), is to analyze the vocalization patterns of two different… More >

Ayman Khallel Al-Ani^1,*, Shams Ul Arfeen Laghari², Hariprasath Manoharan³, Shitharth Selvarajan⁴, Mueen Uddin⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.76, No.2, pp. 2261-2279, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.038534

Abstract In this paper, the application of transportation systems in real-time traffic conditions is evaluated with data handling representations. The proposed method is designed in such a way as to detect the number of loads that are present in a vehicle where functionality tasks are computed in the system. Compared to the existing approach, the design model in the proposed method is made by dividing the computing areas into several cluster regions, thereby reducing the complex monitoring system where control errors are minimized. Furthermore, a route management technique is combined with Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm to transmit the data to appropriate… More >