M. Rafiqul Islam^1,*, M. Shahinur Islam¹, Nurunnaher Akter¹, Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din², Mohammad Golam Mostofa^3,4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.3, pp. 633-649, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.018074 - 26 October 2021

Abstract Improvement of plant performance under drought stress is crucial to sustaining agricultural productivity. The current study investigated the ameliorative effects of foliar-applied kinetin, an adenine-type cytokinin (CK), on growth and gas exchange parameters, water relations and biochemical attributes of maize plants under drought stress. Eighteen-day-old maize plants were subjected to drought by maintaining soil moisture content at 25% field capacity for 8 days followed by foliar application of kinetin at 0, 75, 150 and 225 mg L⁻¹ (CK0, CK75, CK150 and CK225, respectively) to the plants for two-times at the 9-day interval. Results revealed that drought stress… More >

Mengtong Liu¹, Yangyang Zhou¹, Tongyu Liu¹, Jianyu Lu¹, Jing Qu², Shuyan Guan^2,*, Yiyong Ma^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.2, pp. 363-374, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.016325 - 26 September 2021

Abstract Immature embryos of inbred maize (Zea mays) lines (H8183, H8184, and H8185) were used for Agrobacterium infection. We used the β-glucuronidase gene (GUS) as the target gene and the glufosinate resistance gene (bar) as the selection marker. We conducted research on several aspects, such as different genotypes, coculture conditions, screening agent concentrations, and concentrations of indole-3-butytric acid (IBA), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), and ascorbic acid (Vc) in the differentiation medium. We optimized the genetic transformation system, and the obtained results indicated that among the three lines studied, the induction rate of H8185 was the highest at 93.2%, followed by H8184, More >

Haiwang Yue¹, Jianwei Wei¹, Junliang Xie¹, Shuping Chen¹, Haicheng Peng¹, Hongmei Cao², Junzhou Bu^1,*, Xuwen Jiang^3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.1, pp. 57-81, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.017308 - 16 August 2021

Abstract Facing the trend of increasing population, how to increase maize grain yield is a very important issue to ensure food security. In this study, 28 nationally approved maize hybrids were evaluated across 24 different climatic conditions for two consecutive years (2018–2019). The purpose of this study was to select high-yield with stable genotypes and identify important agronomic traits for maize breeding program improvement. The results of this study showed that the genotype ╳ environment interaction effects of the 12 evaluated agronomic traits was highly significant (P < 0.001). We introduced a novel multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index… More >

Alejandro Ibarra-Sánchez, Juan Enrique Rodríguez-Pérez, Aureliano Peña-Lomelí, Clemente Villanueva-Verduzco, Jaime Sahagún-Castellanos^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.1, pp. 33-43, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.016136 - 16 August 2021

Abstract Synthetic varieties (SVs) are populations generated by randomly mating their parents. They are a good alternative for low-input farmers who grow onions, maize, and other allogamous crops since the seed produced by a SV does not change from one generation to the next. Although SV progenitors are commonly pure lines, in this case a synthetic (Syn_TC) whose parents are t three-way line crosses, a very common type of maize hybrid grown in Mexico, is studied. The aim was to develop a general and exact equation for the inbreeding coefficient of a Syn_TC Syn_TC because of … More >

Zhigang Shang^1,2, Yongzhe Zhu³, Xinmei Guo^1,2, Meiai Zhao^1,4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.6, pp. 1711-1725, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.015048 - 28 June 2021

Abstract The development of next generation sequencing (NGS) and high throughput genotyping are important techniques for the QTL mapping and genetic analysis of different crops. High-resolution melting (HRM) is an emerging technology used for detecting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in various species. However, its use is still limited in maize. The HRM analysis was integrated with SNPs to identify three types of populations (NIL population, RIL population and natural population), and the useful tags were screened. The patterns of temperature-shifted melting curves were investigated from the HRM analysis, and compared these with the kit. Among all 48 More >

Yuanfen Gao, Tinglan Jiang, Yin Xiang, Xuewu He, Zhen Zhang, Shengjuan Wen, Junjie Zhang^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.5, pp. 1465-1476, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.014811 - 27 May 2021

Abstract Brassinosteroids participate in many physiological processes in plants; however, their regulatory roles on the activities of the enzymes involved in dark phase of photosynthesis remains elusive. In this study, detached leaves and protoplasts of maize seedlings were treated with epi-brassinolide (EBR) and brassinazole followed by the determination of the contents of chlorophyll (a+b) and soluble sugars, and the activity of dark reaction enzymes and the expression of the relevant genes. The results showed that chlorophyll (a+b) content increased by 7.4% under 0.1 μM EBR treatment for 48 h; furthermore, chlorophyll (a+b) content increased by 34%… More >

Zahoor Ahmad^1,2,*, Ejaz Ahmad Waraich³, Muhammad Zia ur Rehman⁴, Muhammad Ashar Ayub⁴, Muhammad Usman⁴, Hesham Alharby⁵, Atif Bamagoos⁵, Celaleddin Barutçular¹, Muhammad Ali Raza⁶, Fatih Çiğ⁷, Ayman El Sabagh^7,8,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 503-514, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013588 - 07 February 2021

Abstract Water is essential for the growth period of crops; however, water unavailability badly affects the growth and physiological attributes of crops, which considerably reduced the yield and yield components in crops. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar phosphorus (P) on morphological, gas exchange, biochemical traits, and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under normal as well as water deficit situations at the Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan in 2014. Two different treatments (control and P @ 8 kg ha⁻¹ ) and four hybrids… More >

Mingda Yang¹, Shouchen Ma², Fujian Mei¹, Li Wei¹, Tongchao Wang^1,*, Xiaokang Guan^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 417-435, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013175 - 07 February 2021

Abstract Knowledge of the interactive effects of water and nitrogen (N) on physio-chemical traits of maize (Zea mays L.) helps to optimize water and N management and improve productivity. A split-plot experiment was conducted with three soil water conditions (severe drought, moderate drought, and fully water supply referring to 45%–55%, 65%–75%, and 85%–95% field capacity, respectively) and four N application rates (N₀, N₁₅₀, N₂₄₀, and N₃₃₀ referring to 0, 150, 240, 330 kg N ha^–1 respectively) under drip fertigation in 2014 and 2015 in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. The results indicated that drought stress inhibited physiological activity of plants… More >

Zhenzhong Jiang¹, Peng Jiao¹, Zhuo Qi¹, He Zhao², Jing Qu², Siyan Liu¹, Dan Yao¹, Piwu Wang², Shuyan Guan^1,*, Yiyong Ma^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.2, pp. 449-459, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2021.013247 - 07 February 2021

Abstract The concept of gene-function-genetic trait was introduced to explore the effects of early flowering on the growth and development of maize at the jointing stage and to obtain early flowering mutants using ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. First, we studied gene expression, phytohormones, and lignin content to explore the physiological peculiarities of the early flowering mutant. Then we analyzed the genetic features of the mutants during the jointing stage by measuring physiological and biochemical indices of drought tolerance. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate of the mutant was significantly higher than that of the control and More >

A. A. Román-Calzoncit¹, F. Ramírez-Godina^2,*, J. Sánchez-Laureano², A. C. Flores-Gallegos¹, J. Espinoza-Velázquez², R. Rodríguez-Herrera^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.90, No.1, pp. 87-97, 2021, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.013880 - 20 November 2020

Abstract Polyembryony in maize (PEm) contributes to improving the nutritional properties of the grain, as well as an increase in yield, since it generates multiple plants per seed, opening the possibility of developing new varieties. However, it is unknown whether polyembryony in maize is the product of chromosomal abnormalities. Based on the above, in this research a cytogenetic study was proposed to verify if chromosomal abnormalities are related to the maize polyembryony. For a meiotic study, maize genotypes with variable proportions of polyembryony (PEm), from the UA-IMM-BAP population and non-PEm (monoembryonic) maize were used, while for… More >