CHENXIAO QIAO¹, YIPENG XU², YEDIE HE², ZHIJIAN CAI^1,*, HUA WANG^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.5, pp. 1161-1172, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.055746 - 18 April 2025

Abstract Objective: To investigate the anti-tumor effects of an E1B55KD-deleted oncolytic adenovirus, H101, in combination with a humanized anti-PD-1 (Programmed cell death protein 1) monoclonal antibody, Camrelizumab. Methods: Anti-tumor efficacy of intratumoral injection of H101 or/and intraperitoneal injection of Camrelizumab were evaluated in an immune system humanized NOD Prkdc^scid Il2rg^-/- mice subcutaneous (S.C.) tumor model, established with human glioblastoma of unknown origin cell line U87-MG, and human bladder cancer cell line T24 and YTS-1. The mechanism by which H101 induced anti-tumor immunity were also investigated. Results: Combining H101 with Camrelizumab demonstrated more potent anti-tumor effects than monotherapy in… More >

XI ZHU^1,2,#, KAI HUANG^3,#, XIAOMING KAO², ZHAOHUI TANG³, WENJIE GUO³, TIANCONG WU^4,*, QIURONG LI^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.5, pp. 1149-1159, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.054930 - 18 April 2025

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) holds the third position in global cancer prevalence mortality. Although chemotherapy is a conventional treatment, recent investigations have shed light on the therapeutic potential of the cGAS cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in CRC management. Despite the primary role of the death domain-associated protein (Daxx) in cellular apoptosis, its influence on the regulation of cGAS-STING activation remains elusive. Methods: The Daxx degradation and speck formation were conducted using immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The Daxx knock-down and over-expression in CRC cells were performed to detect in vivo and in vitro… More >

JIA CHEN^1,2, FEI JIANG¹, KAIYI NIU³, HAODONG ZHAO², LI LI^1,*, HONGZHU YU^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.5, pp. 1199-1215, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.054366 - 18 April 2025

Abstract Backgrounds: As cancer progresses through various stages of malignancy, metastasis, and drug resistance, the Wnt/-catenin signaling is frequently dysregulated. Despite advancements in medical technology and therapeutic strategies, the prognosis for numerous gastric cancer patients remains unfavorable. Methods: For the analysis of prognostic signature genes associated with Wnt signaling in GC, we used LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression. To explore the function, cell specificity, and transcriptional regulation of the signature gene Carboxypeptidase Z (CPZ), we conducted co-expression analysis, single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis, transcription factor prediction, and dual luciferase reporter assay. The knockdown… More >

Olga Koval^1,2,*, Maria Zhilnikova¹, Maria Balantaeva^1,2, Mikhail Biryukov^1,2, Vasiliy Atamanov^1,3

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.3, pp. 355-379, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.059987 - 31 March 2025

Abstract Melanomas are aggressive cancers, with a high rate of metastatic disease. Cutaneous (CM) and uveal (UM) melanomas are intrinsically different diseases, and most cell death inducers effective for CM do not function for UM. This is primarily due to the fact the eye is an immunologically privileged organ, and it fails to achieve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) comparable to that for CM. However, approaches utilizing specific melanoma-associated antigens are being developed for metastatic forms of CM and UM. The most promising to date are gp100 and tyrosinase related protein 1 (TYRP1), primarily… More >

Xiaojian Chen^1,2,#, Zhujiang Dai^1,#, Qiang Wang³, Wei Chen¹, Yun Liu^1,*, Zhongchuan Wang^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.3, pp. 503-518, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.059286 - 31 March 2025

Abstract Background: Nudix Hydrolase 21 (NUDT21) is crucial for the regulation of alternative polyadenylation, with its reduced expression frequently resulting in a shortened mRNA 3^′ untranslated region (UTR), thereby enhancing the protein levels of downstream genes. Although NUDT21 is widely recognized for its tumor-suppressive function in various cancers, its involvement in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains poorly understood. Methods: The expression of NUDT21 in CRC and adjacent normal tissues was analyzed through qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Additionally, we investigated the correlation between NUDT21 expression and patient prognosis. With Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and Transwell assay, we… More >

AMJAD YOUSUF¹, NAJEEB ULLAH KHAN^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 851-861, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.058956 - 19 March 2025

Abstract Breast cancer is a significant global concern, with limited effective treatment options. Therefore, therapies with high efficacy and low complications, unlike the existing chemotherapies, are urgently required. To address this issue, advances have been made in therapies targeting molecular pathways related to the murine double minute 2 proto-oncogene (MDM2)-tumor proteinp53 (TP53) interaction. This review aims to investigate the efficacy of MDM2 inhibition in restoring TP53 activity in breast cancer cells, as evidenced by clinical studies, reviews, and trials. TP53 is a tumor suppressor and MDM2 facilitates proteasomal degradation of TP53. MDM2 and TP53 activity More > Graphic Abstract

BIAO WU^1,#, XIANLIN GUO^2,#, ZHISHI WU¹, LIANG CHEN^1,*, SUQING ZHANG^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 975-988, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.058085 - 19 March 2025

Abstract Objectives: Although Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is an important oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, its nuclear localization prevents it from being considered a potential therapeutic target. Recently, studies have reported that coatomer protein complex subunit beta 2 (COPB2) also plays a critical role in HCC development; however its mechanism of action is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of COPB2 and YAP1 in the progression of HCC and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: COPB2 and YAP1 expression in HCC tissues were first analyzed by database searches and immunohistochemistry. Nomogram and artificial… More >

GUANGXIAN YOU¹, QIAO YANG², XIN LI², LILI CHEN^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 905-917, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052089 - 19 March 2025

Abstract Background: Lung cancer remains a major factor causing cancer-associated mortality globally. While there have been advancements in treatment options, advanced lung cancer patients still have poor outcomes. This study aims to investigate the potential role of Transmembrane protein 33 (TMEM33) in the development of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: We leveraged The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to analyze the connection between TMEM33 expression to the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Cell proliferation, invasiveness, and sphere formation were analyzed by various experiments. The association of miR-214-3p with TMEM33 was explored using luciferase reporter assay, immunoblotting, and real-time… More >

JI-SU HAN¹, HYE-JIN BOO¹, JIN WON HYUN¹, HEESANG SONG², IN-YOUB CHANG³, SANG-PIL YOON^1,4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 873-884, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.052003 - 19 March 2025

Abstract Background: Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is the major degradation product of chitosan by enzymatic processes. COS, with complete water solubility, exerts significant biological effects, including anti-cancer activity. We investigated the anti-tumor effects of COS on colorectal cancer as effective therapeutic methods with low side effects are lacking. Methods: COS was obtained from low molecular weight chitosan by an enzymatic method and the anti-cancer effects were measured by cell viability assay, flow cytometry analysis, Western blotting, and xenograft. Results: COS suppressed the proliferation of SNU-C5 cells compared to other colorectal cancer cells, but higher concentrations were required in… More > Graphic Abstract

Sahel Abyar^1,2, Shahrzad Shoraka², Seyed Masoud Hosseini², Mohammad Reza Zali³, Seyed Reza Mohebbi^3,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.2, pp. 221-251, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.059787 - 28 February 2025

Abstract Oncogenic viruses include both DNA and RNA viruses which contribute to cancer development by disrupting cellular regulation and interfering in the immune responses. These viruses do not directly cause cancer but instead integrate their genetic material into the host genome thus, affecting cell cycle and tumor suppression. This deregulation also leads to impaired immune function and promotes tumor progression by disrupting the removal of infected cells. Generally, innate immunity consists of two important members, including mitochondria and cell deaths, which impact each other as well. Due to the close correlation between viruses, cell death pathways… More >