Mahmuda Binte Monsur¹, Nasrin Akter Ivy¹, M. Moynul Haque², Mirza Hasanuzzaman³, Ayman EL Sabagh^4,5,*, Md. Motiar Rohman^6,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 497-517, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.09144

Abstract The research was conducted to investigate comparative oxidative damage including probable protective roles of antioxidant and glyoxalase systems in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings under salinity stress. Seedlings of two rice genotypes: Pokkali (tolerant) and BRRI dhan28 (sensitive) were subjected to 8 dSm⁻¹ salinity stress for seven days in a hydroponic system. We observed significant variation between Pokkali and BRRI dhan28 in phenotypic, biochemical and molecular level under salinity stress. Carotenoid content, ion homeostasis, antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate and glutathione redox system and proline accumulation may help Pokkali to develop defense system during salinity stress. However, the activity antioxidant enzymes particularly… More >

Rashid Iqbal Khan^1,*, Mazhar Abbas¹, Khurram Goraya², Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye³, Subhan Danish³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 438-452, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010972

Abstract COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is declared global pandemic. The virus owing high resemblance with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV has been placed in family of beta-coronavirus. However, transmission and infectivity rate of COVID-19 is quite higher as compared to other members of family. Effective management strategy with potential drug availability will break the virus transmission chain subsequently reduce the pressure on the healthcare system. Extensive research trials are underway to develop novel efficient therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we have discussed the origin and family of coronavirus, structure, genome and pathogenesis of virus SARS-CoV-2 inside human host cell; comparison among SARS,… More >

Riaz Ahmad¹, Muhammad Akbar Anjum^1,*, Rashad Mukhtar Balal²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 183-204, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08537

Abstract Molecular markers, genome sequencing and genome editing are considered as efficient tools to accomplish demands of plant breeders for crop improvement programs. Morphological and biochemical markers have not been extensively used as these are greatly influenced by environmental factors. Different molecular markers and sequencing techniques are routinely used in evaluation of genetic diversity and evolutionary relationship, accurate classification or taxonomy, characterization of germplasm, identification of hybrids and phylogenetic studies. Desired and undesired traits controlled by genes can be identified through different molecular markers technology all over the globe. These molecular markers are well established and have successfully been used for… More >

Subhan Danish^1,2, Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 217-227, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08523

Abstract Most of the cereal crops are widely cultivated to fulfil the humans food requirements. Under changing climate scenario, the intensity of drought stress is continuously increasing that is adversely affecting the growth and yield of cereal crops. Although the cereals can tolerate moderate drought to some extent, but mostly they are susceptible to severe drought stress. Higher biosynthesis of ethylene under drought stress has been reported. Many scientists observed that inoculation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase producing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an efficacious tool to overcome this problem. These PGPR secrete ACC deaminase which cleavage the ACC into the… More >

Fatih M. Tok¹, Sibel Dervis^2,*, Halit Yetisir³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 303-314, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08801

Abstract Forty-four V. dahliae isolates were collected from symptomatic vascular tissues of okra plants each from a different field in eight provinces located in the eastern Mediterranean and western Anatolia regions of Turkey during 2006- 2009. Nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants of V. dahliae from okra were used to determine heterokaryosis and genetic relatedness among isolates. All isolates from okra plants were grouped into two vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) (1 and 2) and three subgroups as 1A (13.6%, 6/44), 2A (20.5%, 9/44) and 2B (65.9%, 29/44) according to international criteria. Pathogenicity tests were performed on a susceptible local okra (A. esculentus) landrace in… More >

Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye^1,*, Misbah Batool Zahra¹, Subhan Danish¹, Mazhar Abbas², Abdur Rehim¹, Muhammad Naeem Akbar¹, Ayesha Iftikhar¹, Mehreen Gul¹, Ifat Nazir¹, Maria Abid¹, Muhammad Tahzeeb-ul-Hassan¹, Maria Murtaza³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 405-413, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08918

Abstract Rhizosphere bacteria that colonize plant roots and confer beneficial effects are referred as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Among all PGPR, some rhizobacteria have an ability to produce ACC deaminase enzyme. This enzyme catalyzes stress ACC into a-ketobutyrate and ammonia instead of letting it to be converted to ethylene. Ethylene level rises in plants under stress conditions i.e., drought, salinity, poor soil fertility etc. As poor soil fertility is a big hurdle to achieve the optimum yield of crops, inoculation of ACC deaminase PGPR can overcome this problem to some extent. The aim of the current study was to examine… More >

Yong Liang¹, Yuexing Chen², Dong Liu¹, Jianping Cheng³, Gang Zhao¹, Tzion Fahima⁴, Jun Yan^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 423-435, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.09339

Abstract Mineral nutrient malnutrition, especially deficiency in selenium (Se), affects the health of approximately 1 billion people worldwide. Wheat, a staple food crop, plays an important role in producing Se-enriched foodstuffs to increase the Se intake of humans. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different Se application methods on grain yield and nutritional quality, grain Se absorption and accumulation, as well as 14 other trace elements concentrations in wheat grains. A sand culture experiment was conducted via a completely randomized 3 × 2 × 1 factorial scheme (three Se levels × two methods of Se application, foliar or soil… More >

Xiaohong Yin, Zui Tao, Jiana Chen, Fangbo Cao, Min Huang^*, Yingbin Zou

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 415-422, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08962

Abstract It has been shown that adding biochar to soil can improve nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization in rice (Oryza sativa L.). However, there is a lack of research on the physiological alterations of rice as a result of the changes in nitrogen uptake due to the addition of biochar. This study conducted field experiments in 2015 and 2016 with the goal of testing the hypothesis that the application of biochar would enhance radiation use efficiency (RUE) of rice by improving the plant’s ability to take in and utilize nitrogen. Our results demonstrated that the application of biochar (20 t ha⁻¹… More >

Lu Zhu, Qiuyue Ma, Shushun Li, Jing Wen, Kunyuan Yan, Qianzhong Li^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 385-403, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.09259

Abstract Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) technology has been extensively used to estimate gene expression levels, and the selection of appropriate reference genes for qRT-PCR analysis is critically important for obtaining authentic normalized data. Acer palmatum is an important colorful leaf ornamental tree species, and reference genes suitable for normalization of the qRT-PCR data obtained from this species have not been investigated. In this study, the expression stability of ten candidate reference genes, namely, Actin3, Actin6, Actin9, EF1α, PP2A, SAMDC, TIP41, TUBα, TUBβ and UBQ10, in two distinct tissues (leaves and roots) of A. palmatum under four different abiotic stress… More >

Yuhao Weng¹, Liming Zhu², Yan Ma³, Hao Su¹, Lu Lu¹, Pengkai Wang¹, Jinhui Chen¹, Asif Ali¹, Renhua Zheng^4,*, Jisen Shi^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 375-384, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08831

Abstract Cerasus Campanulata is one of several species belonging to the Prunoideae focke, a subfamily of the flowering plant Rosaceae. We investigated the details of its chloroplast genome which may reveal its genus independent of morphological determination. Here, we determined the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of C. campanulata and performed sequence analysis to reveal the presence of 18 forward repeats, 20 palindrome repeats, 2 complement repeats, 4 reverse repeats and 93 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). We additionally performed a comparative study of C. campanulata and seven other Prunoideae focke species. Then, maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analyses… More >