Rivera MC¹, ER Wright¹, MC Fabrizio², G Freixá¹, R Cabalini¹, SE Lopez³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 227-234, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.227

Abstract Damping off is a frequent disease that kills seedlings. Cultural and biological controls are the only tools in organic crops to manage this disease, and only empirical information is available on the efficiency of plant preparations. This work evaluates the effects of fermented onion decoctions on the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii and disease incidence. Broth (B) and sterilized broth (SB) were respectively obtained by boiling chopped yellow onions in water, and incubating for 14 days at room temperature, with or without subsequent sterilization. The pathogens were grown on potato dextrose agar supplemented with B and SB, diluted… More >

Méndez-Aguilar R¹, MH Reyes-Valdés², N Mayek-Pérez³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 215-226, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.215

Abstract Common bean was originated in México, and it is the most important protein source for millions of Mexicans, mainly those with low economic incomes. Grain yield of this crop is mainly affected by several fungal, bacterial and viral diseases. Among them, there are root rot diseases caused by the genera Macrophomina and Fusarium sp. Currently, some molecular biology tools such as DNA molecular markers are being used successfully to develop genetic maps where QTLs and major molecular markers are located, which are linked to genes that confer resistance to these fungi. The importance of the development of genetic maps is… More >

Martínez ME¹, JM Lesher G², G Castañón N², E de la Cruz L¹, C Zapata H²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 209-214, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.209

Abstract Nanche (Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) H.B.K.) grows in the southeastern region of the Mexican republic under both wild and semi-cultivated forms. Despite the importance of the fruit of this tree, only one paper at the molecular level has been published in Mexico, and possibly in America, to date. For this reason, the purpose of this research was to study the genetic variability of nanche trees that grow under both wild and semi-cultivated conditions in the state of Tabasco, Mexico. Molecular determinations were carried out in the Laboratorio de Genómica of the División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas (DACBiológicas), Universidad Juárez Autónoma de… More >

Gutiérrez-Díez A¹, GE Salinas-García¹, L Iracheta-Donjuan², JA Torres-Castillo¹, N Mayek-Pérez³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 203-208, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.203

Abstract Gene and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) localization in a model species allow to know their organization in the genome, and the possibility for the isolation and cloning of genes with agronomic importance. Seventy-three recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. ecotypes Columbia (Col) x Landsberg erecta (Ler) were grown in a greenhouse under contrasting soil moisture conditions (irrigated and water deficits). During their growth, some phenological (days to flowering) and plant growth traits (plant height, and number of nodes and leaves per plant) were measured. Significant differences for plant height and nodes per plant… More >

Flores-del Angel ML, R Foroughbakhch, A Rocha-Estrada, ML Cárdenas-Ávila, MA GuzmánLucio, YL Hernández-Aguilar, MA Alvarado-Vázquez

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 161-167, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.161

Abstract Candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc.) is a native plant in the desert regions of northern Mexico and the southern United States. The primary commercial use of this plant is for wax production. This study assessed the morphology, viability, and the effects of temperature in combination with chemical and mechanical scarification on the germination of candelilla seeds. Seeds were collected in four localities in northeastern Mexico. The seeds were predominantly pyriform with foveolate surfaces and brown in color; on average, the seeds measured 2.92 ± 0.26, 1.91 ± 0.22, and 1.50 ± 0.41 mm in length, width, and thickness, respectively. The average… More >

Martinez CF¹, FA Roig², JB Cavagnaro³, MA Cantón¹, AM Di Blasi⁴

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 151-160, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.151

Abstract Urban forests located in dryland regions of Argentina are sustained mostly by groundwater and water coming from thawing in the Andes. This is because the most commonly planted tree species have high water requirements and are most often exposed to water shortage. This study assessed the effect of water deficit on diverse growth variables in saplings of Acacia visco (native tree species) and Morus alba (exotic tree species), two common tree species in the urban forests of Mendoza’s Metropolitan Area. Saplings were exposed to different levels of water deficit under controlled nursery conditions during three growing seasons. There were three… More >

Tucuch-Cauich FM¹, F Orona-Castro¹, IH Almeyda-León², LA Aguirre-Uribe³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 145-149, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.145

Abstract Ango is the main species of fruit in the state of Campeche, Mexico, due to the economic benefits generated because of its production and marketing. Among the biotic problems that affect this crop in the region are weeds, which involve a heavy economic investment for their management. Under this scenario, it is important the development of ecological weed studies to generate information that help us to design strategies for managing the problem. During January to June 2010 a floristic study was developed on the population of weeds that compete with mango in the locations of Cayal and Castamay, at the… More >

Gómez-Romero M¹, E de la Barrera², J Villegas³, R Lindig-Cisneros⁴

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 135-143, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.135

Abstract When degradation is severe, as it is often the case on acrisols, it is necessary to test the effect of plant-plant interactions in their survival and growth. An experiment was conducted, with substrate from an eroded site (acrisols with gullies) in a shaded greenhouse (30% shade) to evaluate the effect of fertilization and the presence of pioneer herbaceous species in the performance of Pinus pseudostrobus. The pioneer species Lupinus mexicanus and Tithonia tubiformis were used in three experimental treatments and a control. To fertilize, KH₂PO₄ was applied in four concentration levels. There were a total of 16 treatment combinations when… More >

Carreón-Abud Y, MA Beltrán-Nambo, M Martínez Trujillo

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 127-134, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.127

Abstract Chromium (Cr) is a highly toxic non-essential metal for microorganisms and plants; due to its frequent industrial use, it has become a pollutant for different agroecosystems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are associated with most angiosperms and provide them with beneficial effects on the absorption of some nutrients. Moreover, it has been reported that in some cases the AMF can confer greater tolerance to plants in the presence of heavy metals. The tomato (Solanum lycorpersicum) is an important crop in Mexico. In most cases, it grows under applied irrigation water from reservoirs which include domestic and industrial wastes. In this study… More >

Bonomo MC, OG Martínez, ME Tanco, R Cardozo, Z Avilés

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 119-126, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.119

Abstract The tree fern Alsophila odonelliana is found from southern Bolivia to northwestern Argentina, in the Tucuman-Bolivian forests. Spore germination was tested in three sterile nutritive media: Dyer (D), Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Knudson (K). We also evaluated the effect on gametophyte development of the addition of two growth regulators, BAP and 2,4-D to the culture medium Dyer; 2,4-D was evaluated using two concentrations: 0.1 and 2.0 mg/L, and BAP using three concentrations, 0.01; 0.1 and 1.0 mg/L. We found no significant differences in the germination of spores among all three media. We noted that supplementing media with BAP affected… More >