Shoujing Yan¹, Yangyang Wang^2,*, Fengxia Chi¹, Xue Luo², Tianjie Zhang³, Chenchen Xi¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.5, pp. 1321-1335, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017545

Abstract Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) was recently employed to apply onto road surfaces to degrade the harmful compounds from vehicle emissions. However, it remains a challenging task to find a highly compatible pavement type for TiO₂ application to achieve durable and efficient air-purifying performance. This study proposed to coat TiO₂ particles onto semi-flexible pavement surface and tried to investigate an optimum coating method. Three coating methods, including direct mixing TiO₂ (MT) with asphalt mixture, spraying dry TiO₂ (ST) coating and water-solution-based TiO₂ (WT) coating on semi-flexible pavement surface. To achieve this objective, semi-flexible samples were prepared to evaluate and compare the performances… More > Graphic Abstract

Ismail Shah^1,2, Jing Li^1,2,*, Shengyuan Yang¹, Yubo Zhang¹, Aftab Anwar^1,2

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.5, pp. 1307-1320, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017513

Abstract Recently, addition of various natural fibers to high strength concrete has aroused great interest in the field of building materials. This is because natural fibers are much cheaper and locally available, as compare to synthetic fibers. Keeping in view, this current research conducted mainly focuses on the static properties of hybridized (sisal/coir), sisal and coir fiber-reinforced concrete. Two types of natural fibers sisal and coir were used in the experiment with different lengths of 10, 20 and 30 mm and various natural fiber concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% by mass of cement, to investigate the static properties of sisal… More > Graphic Abstract

Xiushao Zhao¹, Jianglong Rao¹, Qijing Yang^1,2,*, Yu Rong³, Zhitao Fu¹, Zhiyao Wang¹, Zixi Chen¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.5, pp. 1287-1305, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017473

Abstract Completely weathered phyllite (CWP) has the characteristics of difficult compaction, low shear strength after compaction and large settlement after construction. The traditional improvement method using a single agent of red clay or cement for CWP satisfies the subgrade requirements for ordinary railway, but cannot meet the requirements of immediate strength and long-term post-construction settlement of high-speed railway at the same time. A series of experimental investigations were undertaken for the blended CWP soils, with three additives used. The first additive was red clay, the second was cement and the third was a combination of both red clay and cement at… More > Graphic Abstract

Brya Aldawoodi^1,*, Salaheddin Sabri¹, Abdulmounem Alchekh Wis²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.5, pp. 1269-1285, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017445

Abstract This study aims to determine the most convenient calcination temperature and calcination duration of waste-stabilized Adobe (AB) to produce a new alkali-activated binder. Waste-stabilized Adobe mainly consists of soil, CaCO₃ as a stabilizer, and straw (for strengthening). The availability of raw materials for making Adobe presents the waste-stabilized Adobe as a potential product for a new alkali-activated binder. Waste-stabilized Adobe collected from an abandoned damaged building in the village of Inonu in Northern Cyprus, ground and calcined at the following temperatures: 450, 550, 650, 750, 850, and 950°C. The calcination at each temperature was held for different durations 1, 3,… More >

Wissem Sahmim¹, Febrina Dellarose Boer¹, Hubert Chapuis¹, Firmin Obounou-Akong¹, Antonio Pizzi², Philippe Gérardin¹, Christine Gérardin-Charbonnier^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.5, pp. 1175-1184, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.016365

Abstract With the current trend of increasing efforts to develop non-isocyanate-based polyurethanes (NIPUs), this study aimed to check the feasibility of the development of a method using cyclic carbonate modified catechin and amine to synthesis non-isocyanate urethane with the objective to further extend these results to polyurethane synthesis. The methods used in this study consist of four steps: glycidilation of catechin, hydrolysis of epoxide, cyclic carbonate synthesis, and carbamate synthesis through condensation of butylamine. The resulting products were analyzed using FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy and NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy. The results showed that carbamate could be successfully obtained through… More > Graphic Abstract

Ajchara Imkum Putkham¹, Suwanan Chuakham², Yuwadee Chaiyachet², Tanapon Suwansopa², Apipong Putkham^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.4, pp. 1137-1151, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018560

Abstract The valorization of eggshell waste as bio-calcium oxide is crucial for pollution prevention and supporting sustainable development. There are several reports on the thermal conversion of eggshell waste to calcium oxide for the partial or complete substitution of natural lime applications. However, this paper reports the thermal decomposition of large amounts of hatchery eggshell waste on an industrial-scale car bottom furnace for the first time. The hatchery eggshell waste was sundried and placed into five stacked trays in the car bottom furnace. The calcination of the eggshell waste was conducted at 900°C for 3 and 4 h under an atmosphere… More > Graphic Abstract

Hsiao Wei Tan¹, Zhi Yin Joan Lim², Nur Airina Muhamad³, Fong Fong Liew^4,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.4, pp. 909-938, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018183

Abstract With a growing population, changes in consumerism behavior and trends in consumption in Indo-Pacific Asia, our seafood processing and consumption practices produce a large volume of waste products. There are several advantages in regulating and sustaining shellfish processing industries. The major advantage of waste management is that it leads to better conservation of natural resources in the long run. Shrimp shell waste contains useful biomaterials, which are still untapped due to inadequate waste disposal and solid waste management. Chitin, the major component of shell waste, can be extracted either chemically or biologically. The chemical extraction approaches, which use acids and… More > Graphic Abstract

Hongliang Ding, Xin Wang^*, Lei Song, Yuan Hu

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.4, pp. 871-895, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018150

Abstract Benzoxazines have attracted wide attention from academics all over the world because of their unique properties. However, most of the production and preparation of benzoxazine resins depends on petroleum resources now, especially bisphenol A-based benzoxazine. Therefore, owing to the environmental impacts, the development of bio-based benzoxazines is gaining more and more interest to substitute petroleum-based benzoxazines. Similar to petroleum-based benzoxazines, most of bio-based benzoxazines suffer from flammability. Thus, it is necessary to endow bio-based benzoxazines with outstanding flame retardancy. The purpose of this review is to summarize the latest advance in flame retardant bio-based benzoxazines. First, three methods of the… More > Graphic Abstract

Juanli Wang¹, Ming Cao², Jiaxin Li¹, Kaiyuan Li¹, Xiaolian Chao¹, Bingjie Mai¹, Yuhu Li^1,*, Jing Cao^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.4, pp. 1125-1136, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018147

Abstract Paper packaging materials like cardboards are widely used to protect archives which are a major kind of cultural relics. Unfortunately, paper is a combustible material, and thus exploring environment-friendly flame retardant for paper-based archive packaging material plays an important role. Herein, boric acid, borax and disodium octaborate are used to modify the craft paper-based packaging materials for archive conservation to improve fire safety. The modified craft paper exhibits much higher flame retardancy than the pristine one dose based on vertical burning tests, without much influence on mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation at break. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning… More > Graphic Abstract

Benedict Terkula Iber^1,2,*, Nor Azman Kasan^1,*, Donald Torsabo^1,2, Jenifer Wese Omuwa²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.4, pp. 1097-1123, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018142

Abstract Chitin was first discovered by its name from the Greek word “chiton”, which means “mail coat”. It is indeed a polysaccharide made up of naturally occurring acetyl-D-glucosamine monomers. Hatchett was the first researcher who extracted chitin from the shells of mollusks (crabs and lobsters), prawns, and crayfish in 1799. Later in 1811, Henri Braconnot discovered chitin in the cell walls of mushrooms and called it “fungine”. Chitin and chitosan are abundant in the biosphere as essential components of many organisms’ exoskeletons and as by-products of the global seafood industry. The biopolymer must be deacetylated before chitosan can be produced. It… More >