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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    MiR-150-5p inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis by targeting FTO in osteosarcoma

    LICHEN XU1,2, PAN ZHANG3,*, GUIQI ZHANG2, ZHAOLIANG SHEN4, XIZHUANG BAI1,3,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.11, pp. 1777-1789, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.047704 - 16 October 2024

    Abstract Background: Osteosarcoma (OS), recognized as the predominant malignant tumor originating from bones, necessitates an in-depth comprehension of its intrinsic mechanisms to pinpoint novel therapeutic targets and enhance treatment methodologies. The role of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) in OS, particularly its correlation with malignant traits, and the fundamental mechanism, remains to be elucidated. Materials and Methods: 1. The FTO expression and survival rate in tumors were analyzed. 2. FTO in OS cell lines was quantified utilizing western blot and PCR. 3. FTO was upregulated and downregulated separately in MG63. 4. The impact of FTO on the… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Neural stem cell-derived exosomes: a cell-free transplant for potential cure of neurological diseases

    JIAJUN HUANG1,#, WEI WANG1,#, WENTONG LIN2, HENGSEN CAI3, ZHIHAN ZHU1, WAQAS AHMED4, QIANKUN ZHANG1, JIALE LIU1, YIFAN ZHANG1, RONG LI1, ZHINUO LI1, AHSAN ALI KHAN5, DENG LU3, YONG HU6, LUKUI CHEN1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.10, pp. 1405-1418, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.053148 - 02 October 2024

    Abstract Degeneration and death of nerve cells are inevitable with the occurrence and progression of nervous system disorders. Researchers transplanted neural stem cells into relevant areas, trying to solve the difficulty of neural cell loss by differentiating neural stem cells into various nerve cells. In recent years, however, studies have shown that transplanted neural stem cells help neural tissues regenerate and return to normal through paracrine action rather than just replacing cells. Exosomes are essential paracrine mediators, which can participate in cell communication through substance transmission. In this regard, this review mainly discusses the current research More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Research progress on the role of adipocyte exosomes in cancer progression

    YUN WANG1, XIAOJIANG LI2, DALONG LIU2, ZHIFENG WANG3, JICHEN XIA4, LIJUN WANG5, XUDONG ZHANG6,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.10, pp. 1649-1660, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.043482 - 18 September 2024

    Abstract Exosomes, minute vesicles ubiquitously released by diverse cell types, serve as critical mediators in intercellular communication. Their pathophysiological relevance, especially in malignancies, has garnered significant attention. A meticulous exploration of the exosomal impact on cancer development has unveiled avenues for innovative and clinically valuable techniques. The cargo conveyed by exosomes exerts transformative effects on both local and distant microenvironments, thereby influencing a broad spectrum of biological responses in recipient cells. These membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in delivering bioactive molecules among cells and organs. Cellular and biological processes in recipient cells, ranging… More > Graphic Abstract

    Research progress on the role of adipocyte exosomes in cancer progression

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Analysis of large datasets for identifying molecular targets in intestinal polyps and metabolic disorders

    SHAN OU#, YUN XU#, QINGLAN LIU, TIANWEN YANG, WEI CHEN, XIU YUAN, XIN ZUO, PENG SHI*, JIE YAO*

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.3, pp. 415-429, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2024.046178 - 15 March 2024

    Abstract Background: The interrelation between intestinal polyps, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and colorectal cancer (CRC) is a critical area of study. This research focuses on pinpointing potential molecular targets to understand the link between intestinal polyp formation, metabolic irregularities, and CRC progression. Methods: We examined clinical samples from patients with intestinal polyps coexisting with MetS and compared them with samples from patients with standard intestinal polyps. Transcriptome sequencing and public database analysis were employed to identify significant pathways and genes. These targets were then validated through immunohistochemistry (IHC). Following the RNA interference of key target expression, a… More > Graphic Abstract

    Analysis of large datasets for identifying molecular targets in intestinal polyps and metabolic disorders

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Gastric cancer secreted miR-214-3p inhibits the anti-angiogenesis effect of apatinib by suppressing ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells

    WEIXUE WANG#, TONGTONG WANG#, YAN ZHANG, TING DENG, HAIYANG ZHANG*, YI BA*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.3, pp. 489-502, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.046676 - 06 February 2024

    Abstract Different from necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy and other forms of cell death, ferroptosis is a mechanism that catalyzes lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids under the action of iron divalent or lipoxygenase, leading to cell death. Apatinib is currently used in the third-line standard treatment of advanced gastric cancer, targeting the anti-angiogenesis pathway. However, Apatinib-mediated ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells has not been reported yet. Tumor-secreted exosomes can be taken up into target cells to regulate tumor development, but the mechanism related to vascular endothelial cell ferroptosis has not yet been discovered. Here, we show that More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    New insight into the role of exosomes in idiopathic membrane nephropathy

    JIANHONG LIU1,#, KAI HE2,#, HAN WANG3,#, XIAOHONG CHENG1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.1, pp. 21-32, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.045631 - 30 January 2024

    Abstract Exosomes, nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from the invagination of the endosomal membrane, are secreted by a majority of cell types. As carriers of DNA, mRNA, proteins, and microRNAs, exosomes are implicated in regulating biological activities under physiological and pathological conditions. Kidney-derived exosomes, which vary in origin and function, may either contribute to the pathogenesis of disease or represent a potential therapeutic resource. Membranous nephropathy (MN), an autoimmune kidney disease characterized by glomerular damage, is a predominant cause of nephrotic syndrome. Notably, MN, especially idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), often results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD),… More > Graphic Abstract

    New insight into the role of exosomes in idiopathic membrane nephropathy

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Application of exosomal miRNA mediated macrophage polarization in colorectal cancer: Current progress and challenges

    YUN ZHANG1,2,#, SHALING TANG1,2,#, YUBO GAO1,2, ZHONGTING LU1,2, YUAN YANG1,2, JING CHEN3, TAO LI4,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 61-71, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.043481 - 15 November 2023

    Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health problem with high morbidity and mortality rates. Surgical resection is the main treatment for early-stage CRC, but detecting it early is challenging. Therefore, effective therapeutic targets for advanced patients are still lacking. Exosomes, tiny vesicles in body fluids, play a crucial role in tumor metastasis, immune regulation, and drug resistance. Interestingly, they can even serve as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Studies have shown that exosomes can carry miRNA, mediate the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages, promote the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, and affect More > Graphic Abstract

    Application of exosomal miRNA mediated macrophage polarization in colorectal cancer: Current progress and challenges

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Biological, pathological, and multifaceted therapeutic functions of exosomes to target cancer

    VIGNESH BALAJI E1, DIVYA RAMESH2, MANISHA CHUNGAN SHAJU3, AKSHARA KUMAR4, SAMYAK PANDEY1, RAKSHA NAYAK1, V. ALKA5, SRISHTI MUNJAL6, AMIR SALIMI7, K. SREEDHARA RANGANATH PAI1,*, SHANKAR M. BAKKANNAVAR2

    Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 73-94, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.030401 - 15 November 2023

    Abstract Exosomes, small tiny vesicle contains a large number of intracellular particles that employ to cause various diseases and prevent several pathological events as well in the human body. It is considered a “double-edged sword”, and depending on its biological source, the action of exosomes varies under physiological conditions. Also, the isolation and characterization of the exosomes should be performed accurately and the methodology also will vary depending on the exosome source. Moreover, the uptake of exosomes from the recipients’ cells is a vital and initial step for all the physiological actions. There are different mechanisms More > Graphic Abstract

    Biological, pathological, and multifaceted therapeutic functions of exosomes to target cancer

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Exosomes in viral infection: Effects for pathogenesis and treatment strategies

    FATEMEH HEIDARI1,2, REIHANEH SEYEDEBRAHIMI1,2, PIAO YANG3, MOHSEN ESLAMI FARSANI1,2, SHIMA ABABZADEH2,4, NASER KALHOR5, HAMED MANOOCHEHRI6, MOHSEN SHEYKHHASAN7,*, MARYAM AZIMZADEH8,9,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.12, pp. 2597-2608, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.043351 - 27 December 2023

    Abstract Exosomes are small vesicles that carry molecules from one cell to another. They have many features that make them interesting for research, such as their stability, low immunogenicity, size of the nanoscale, toxicity, and selective delivery. Exosomes can also interact with viruses in diverse ways. Emerging research highlights the significant role of exosomes in viral infections, particularly in the context of diseases like COVID-19, HIV, HBV and HCV. Understanding the intricate interplay between exosomes and the human immune system holds great promise for the development of effective antiviral therapies. An important aspect is gaining clarity More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Inhibition of VEGF-A expression in hypoxia-exposed fetal retinal microvascular endothelial cells by exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

    JING LI1,2, WANWAN FAN4, LILI HAO1, YONGSHENG LI5, GUOCHENG YU1, WEI SUN6, XIANQIONG LUO2,*, JINGXIANG ZHONG1,3,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.11, pp. 2485-2494, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.044177 - 27 November 2023

    Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hucMSC)-derived exosomes (hucMSC-Exos) in inhibiting hypoxia-induced cell hyper proliferation and overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in immature human fetal retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hfRMECs). Methods: Exosomes were isolated from hucMSCs using cryogenic ultracentrifugation and characterized through various techniques, including transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, bicinchoninic acid assays, and western blotting. The hfRMECs were identified using von Willebrand factor (vWF) co-staining and divided into four groups: a control group cultured under normoxic condition, a hypoxic model group, a hypoxic… More > Graphic Abstract

    Inhibition of VEGF-A expression in hypoxia-exposed fetal retinal microvascular endothelial cells by exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

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