Yan Li, Qiyuan Wang^*, Kaidi Jia

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.2, pp. 2469-2489, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.047822

Abstract Image description task is the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing, and it has important prospects, including helping computers understand images and obtaining information for the visually impaired. This study presents an innovative approach employing deep reinforcement learning to enhance the accuracy of natural language descriptions of images. Our method focuses on refining the reward function in deep reinforcement learning, facilitating the generation of precise descriptions by aligning visual and textual features more closely. Our approach comprises three key architectures. Firstly, it utilizes Residual Network 101 (ResNet-101) and Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) to extract average… More >

Zhenhua Yu, Liangxue Bai, Ou Ye^*, Xuya Cong

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.2, pp. 1773-1795, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.047130

Abstract Social robot accounts controlled by artificial intelligence or humans are active in social networks, bringing negative impacts to network security and social life. Existing social robot detection methods based on graph neural networks suffer from the problem of many social network nodes and complex relationships, which makes it difficult to accurately describe the difference between the topological relations of nodes, resulting in low detection accuracy of social robots. This paper proposes a social robot detection method with the use of an improved neural network. First, social relationship subgraphs are constructed by leveraging the user’s social network to disentangle intricate social… More >

R. Sujatha, K. Nimala^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.2, pp. 1669-1686, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046963

Abstract Sentence classification is the process of categorizing a sentence based on the context of the sentence. Sentence categorization requires more semantic highlights than other tasks, such as dependence parsing, which requires more syntactic elements. Most existing strategies focus on the general semantics of a conversation without involving the context of the sentence, recognizing the progress and comparing impacts. An ensemble pre-trained language model was taken up here to classify the conversation sentences from the conversation corpus. The conversational sentences are classified into four categories: information, question, directive, and commission. These classification label sequences are for analyzing the conversation progress and… More >

Lei Zhu^1,#, Lihe Hou^1,3,#, Yu Zhang¹, Yang Jiang¹, Yi Wang^1,2, Meiping Zhang^1,2, Mingzhu Zhao^1,2,*, Kangyu Wang^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.2, pp. 313-327, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.047938

Abstract Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. is an important plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine, whose primary active ingredient is a ginsenoside. Ginsenoside biosynthesis is not only regulated by transcription factors but also controlled by a variety of structural genes. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanism underlying ginsenoside biosynthesis has always been a topic in the discussion of ginseng secondary metabolites. Squalene epoxidase (SQE) is a key enzyme in the mevalonic acid pathway, which affects the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as terpenoid. Using ginseng transcriptome, expression, and ginsenoside content databases, this study employed bioinformatic methods to systematically analyze the genes encoding… More >

Jialei Guo^1,2, Fengzhen Li², Guomin Shi³, Weimin Zhao², Tao He^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.2, pp. 343-353, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.047429

Abstract Anthocyanins, ubiquitous in the Compositae family, are regulated by MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog), playing an important role in anthocyanin synthesis. In this study, we analyzed the regulation pathway in which the MYB protein of subgroup 6 promotes dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) expression in Compositae, and validated this law in Saussurea medusa through yeast one-hybrid experiments. Our results showed that MYB and DFR underwent purification selection, DFR promoter analysis revealed the presence of MYB binding site (GAGTTGAATGG) and bHLH binding site (CANNTG) at the sense strand of 84–116 nucleotide residues from the start codon. These two motifs were separated… More >

Dandan Wang, Xiaohong Li, Yanwen Zhang^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.2, pp. 355-369, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.047183

Abstract Taxus cuspidata is a rare plant with important medicinal and ornamental value. Aiming at the obvious differences between wild and cultivated populations of T. cuspidata from Northeast China, a total of 61 samples, that is, 33 wild yews and 28 cultivated yews were used to analyze the differences and correlations of the kinship, genetic diversity, and genetic structure between them by specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq). Finally, 470725 polymorphic SLAF tags and 58622 valid SNP markers were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 61 samples were classified into 2 clusters: wild populations and cultivated populations, and some wild yews were… More >

Shijie Lin¹, Zimo Wang¹, Hongbo Zhu², Conghui Wang³, Hongfeng Wang², Dawei Zhang¹, Tianbing Gou¹, Guangdao Bao¹, Ye Luo¹, Huaijiang He¹, Zhonghui Zhang^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.2, pp. 277-289, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.046989

Abstract Tilia amurensis is an economically valuable broadleaf tree species in Northeast China. The production of high-quality T. amurensis varieties at commercial scales has been greatly limited by the low germination rates. There is thus a pressing need to develop an organogenesis protocol for in vitro propagation of T. amurensis to alleviate a shortage of high-quality T. amurensis seedlings. Here, we established a rapid in vitro propagation system for T. amurensis from mature zygotic embryos and analyzed the effects of plant growth regulators and culture media in different stages. We found that Woody plant medium (WPM) was the optimal primary culture… More >

Eduardo Burgos-Valencia^1,#, Federico García-Laynes^1,#, Ileana Echevarría-Machado¹, Fatima Medina-Lara¹, Miriam Monforte-González¹, José Narváez-Zapata^2,*, Manuel Martínez-Estévez^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.2, pp. 151-183, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.046943

Abstract Habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) is a crop of economic relevance in the Peninsula of Yucatan. Its fruits have a high level of capsaicinoids compared to peppers grown in other regions of the world, which gives them industrial importance. Soil is an important factor that affects pepper development, nutritional quality, and capsaicinoid content. However, the effect of soil type on fruit development and capsaicinoid metabolism has been little understood. This work aimed to compare the effect of soils with contrasting characteristics, black soil (BS) and red soil (RS), on the expression of genes related to the development of fruits, and… More >

Zhifen Shi^1,3, Fumei Pan^1,3, Xiaotian Kong², Jiaqi Lang³, Mingyan Ye³, Qian Wu⁴, Guangzhi Wang^1,*, Liang Han^5,*, Nong Zhou^3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.2, pp. 247-260, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.046452

Abstract Fritillaria taipaiensis P. Y. Li is a widely used medicinal herb in treating pulmonary diseases. In recent years, its wild resources have become scarce, and the demand for efficient artificial cultivation has significantly increased. This article is the first to apply phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soil of F. taipaiensis P. Y. Li to the cultivation process of F. taipaiensis P. Y. Li. The aim is to identify suitable reference strains for the artificial cultivation and industrial development of F. taipaiensis P. Y. Li by examining the effects of various phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their combinations on photosynthesis,… More >

Paramjeet Kaur¹, Krishna Teerth Chaturvedi¹, Mohan Lal Kolhe^2,*

Energy Engineering, Vol.121, No.3, pp. 557-579, 2024, DOI:10.32604/ee.2024.043159

Abstract In the increasingly decentralized energy environment, economical power dispatching from distributed generations (DGs) is crucial to minimizing operating costs, optimizing resource utilization, and guaranteeing a consistent and sustainable supply of electricity. A comprehensive review of optimization techniques for economic power dispatching from distributed generations is imperative to identify the most effective strategies for minimizing operational costs while maintaining grid stability and sustainability. The choice of optimization technique for economic power dispatching from DGs depends on a number of factors, such as the size and complexity of the power system, the availability of computational resources, and the specific requirements of the… More >