Qinghua Qin^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.1, pp. 1-39, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.067293 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), black phosphorus nanotubes (BPNTs), and graphene derivatives exhibit significant promise for applications in nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS), energy storage, and sensing technologies due to their exceptional mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the dynamic behaviors of these nanomaterials, with a particular focus on insights gained from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Key areas discussed include the oscillatory and rotational dynamics of double-walled CNTs, fabrication and stability challenges associated with BPNTs, and the emerging potential of graphyne nanotubes (GNTs). The review also outlines design strategies for enhancing nanodevice performance More >

Chuanchuan Wang^1,2, Ahmad Sufril Azlan Mohamed^2,*, Xiao Yang ², Hao Zhang ², Xiang Li¹, Mohd Halim Bin Mohd Noor ²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.1, pp. 855-874, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.066343 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Classroom behavior recognition is a hot research topic, which plays a vital role in assessing and improving the quality of classroom teaching. However, existing classroom behavior recognition methods have challenges for high recognition accuracy with datasets with problems such as scenes with blurred pictures, and inconsistent objects. To address this challenge, we proposed an effective, lightweight object detector method called the RFNet model (YOLO-FR). The YOLO-FR is a lightweight and effective model. Specifically, for efficient multi-scale feature extraction, effective feature pyramid shared convolutional (FPSC) was designed to improve the feature extract performance by leveraging convolutional… More >

Syed Sajid Ullah^1,*, Muhammad Zunair Zamir², Ahsan Ishfaq², Salman Khan¹

Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.7, pp. 255-274, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jai.2025.069008 - 29 August 2025

Abstract Accurate vehicle detection is essential for autonomous driving, traffic monitoring, and intelligent transportation systems. This paper presents an enhanced YOLOv8n model that incorporates the Ghost Module, Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM), and Deformable Convolutional Networks v2 (DCNv2). The Ghost Module streamlines feature generation to reduce redundancy, CBAM applies channel and spatial attention to improve feature focus, and DCNv2 enables adaptability to geometric variations in vehicle shapes. These components work together to improve both accuracy and computational efficiency. Evaluated on the KITTI dataset, the proposed model achieves 95.4% mAP@0.5—an 8.97% gain over standard YOLOv8n—along with 96.2% More >

Jianwei Sun, Shuqing Guo^*, Shikai Li

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.9, pp. 3625-3646, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.067159 - 26 August 2025

Abstract Since lithium-ion batteries have been put into use, the recession of work cycle efficiency at low temperatures has received widespread attention. In this paper, we investigated the effect of low temperature (−5°C, 0°C, 5°C) environments on the performance of lithium-ion batteries, which are well-known for their excellent discharge performance, cycle life, and safety. However, lithium-ion batteries exhibit significant capacity degradation at low temperatures, especially at 0°C, losing availability after only 10 cycles. Therefore, we conducted cycle degradation tests at 1C discharge and 100% charge-discharge conditions. In this paper, we analyzed the surface morphology, structure, and More > Graphic Abstract

Qaisara Yusriena Yusaini¹, Muhammad Abdul Hakim Muhamad^1,*, Raiz Razali^1,*, Rozaimi Che Hasan², Mohd Shahmy Mohd Said¹, Mohd Zainee Mohd Zainal^1,2, Ikhsan Nuradi³

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.34, pp. 535-552, 2025, DOI:10.32604/rig.2025.065284 - 06 August 2025

Abstract Sediment mapping is a crucial component of environmental science, particularly in the marine environment, where the analysis of seabed sediments is essential for various purposes, including marine resource management, habitat preservation, and infrastructure development. Sediment refers to the solid particles that are transported and deposited in different areas. Multibeam echosounders have revolutionized the field of seabed sediment mapping by providing unparalleled resolution and accuracy in seafloor surveys. This study aimed to produce sediment maps by implementing multi-frequency, e.g., 200, 400, 550, and 700 kHz multibeam data using a machine learning algorithm, e.g., Support Vector Machine… More >

Shun Chen^1,2,3, Jingyuan Fan¹, Xingyang He^1,2,3,*, Ying Su^1,2,3, Jizhan Chen¹, Yiming Cao¹, Meng Fan¹, Zhihao Liu¹, Zihao Jin^1,2,3, Yubo Li^1,2,3

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.7, pp. 1673-1688, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.065003 - 31 July 2025

Abstract The presence of impurities in phosphogypsum has long impeded its effective utilization, highlighting the need for energy-efficient and sustainable purification methods. This study proposes a novel purification strategy that synergistically combines pH regulation and micelle-assisted treatment to create an optimized microenvironment for impurity removal. Under mechanical grinding conditions, this approach enhances the rheological properties of the phosphogypsum slurries and facilitates the dissolution and removal of impurity ions. Experimental results demonstrate that the synergistic method achieves a remarkable 64.01% increase in whiteness while significantly reducing soluble phosphorus and fluoride content in a single-step process. This technique More >

Đorđe Vojnović¹, Robert Pokluda², Ivana Maksimović¹, Janko Červenski³, Sonja Ilin³, Boris Adamović¹, Jelena Popović-Đorđević^4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.94, No.7, pp. 1997-2013, 2025, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2025.065535 - 31 July 2025

Abstract Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a widely cultivated vegetable valued for its taste, aroma, and nutritional content. Biostimulants (BTs) are substances that stimulate plant growth and development. This study explores the impact of BTs and nitrogen (N) fertilization on the yield and nutrient use efficiency of directly seeded onions, addressing the challenges of excessive N application and promoting sustainable practices. A two-year field experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with three replications. Treatments included a control (C), a seaweed extract-based BT (T1), humic and fulvic acids (T2), and Trichoderma spp. (T3). N rates applied were 64… More > Graphic Abstract

Yixin Ding¹, Xinjian Zhao¹, Zicheng Wu¹, Yichen Zhu², Longkun Bai², Hao Han^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.3, pp. 5977-5993, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.065672 - 30 July 2025

Abstract Fuzz testing is a widely adopted technique for uncovering bugs and security vulnerabilities in embedded firmware. However, many embedded systems heavily rely on peripherals, rendering conventional fuzzing techniques ineffective. When peripheral responses are missing or incorrect, fuzzing a firmware may crash or exit prematurely, significantly limiting code coverage. While prior re-hosting approaches have made progress in simulating Memory-Mapped Input/Output (MMIO) and interrupt-based peripherals, they either ignore Direct Memory Access (DMA) or handle it oversimplified. In this work, we present ADFEmu, a novel automated firmware re-hosting framework that enables effective fuzzing of DMA-enabled firmware. ADFEmu integrates… More >

VINOTHKUMAR VEERASAMY¹, VEERAVARMAL VEERAN², SIDDAVARAM NAGINI^1,3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.8, pp. 1835-1860, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.064010 - 18 July 2025

Abstract The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway is one of the most frequently dysregulated signaling networks in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Although the tumor microenvironment (TME) and epigenetic modifiers are recognized to play a pivotal role in aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in OSCC, the available evidence is fragmentary and a comprehensive analysis is warranted. This review evaluates the intricate mechanisms by which various components of the TME facilitate proliferation, apoptosis evasion, invasion, migration, angiogenesis, metastasis, as well as therapy resistance in OSCC through activation of PI3K/AKT signalling. The review has also More >

YUFENG WANG¹, HUIFENG DANG¹, QIANQIAN WANG¹, SHUXIAO WU¹, LEI HAN¹, XU LUO¹, YINGXIA TIAN^1,*, HAILIN TANG^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.8, pp. 1861-1874, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.063716 - 18 July 2025

Abstract This review focuses on the metabolic issues related to mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase (PDP) in malignant tumors and its potential mechanisms. Recent research on tumor metabolic mechanisms has shown that PDP dysregulation is closely linked to metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells, and potentially promotes tumor. Research has comprehensively explored the structural-functional characteristics of PDP, its metabolic regulatory mechanisms, and its role in various types of malignant tumors. Nevertheless, several questions still exist regarding its potential mechanisms within acetylation, phosphorylation, hypoxia, immune infiltration, mitochondrial metabolism, drug resistance, oxidative phosphorylation, and tumor prognosis. This article intends to More >