HAO LV¹, BO ZHU^1,2, DEGAO CHEN^1,2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.3, pp. 363-378, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.046367

Abstract Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are emerging as targets for tumor therapy because of their primary role in promoting tumor progression. Several studies have been conducted to target TAMs by reducing their infiltration, depleting their numbers, and reversing their phenotypes to suppress tumor progression, leading to the development of drugs in preclinical and clinical trials. However, the heterogeneous characteristics of TAMs, including their ontogenetic and functional heterogeneity, limit their targeting. Therefore, in-depth exploration of the heterogeneity of TAMs, combined with immune checkpoint therapy or other therapeutic modalities could improve the efficiency of tumor treatment. This review focuses on the heterogeneous ontogeny and… More >

XIAN ZHANG¹, ZHUANG ZHOU², JUNZHE WANG¹, MENGMENG HAN¹, HAN LIU¹, MEIRONG ZANG¹, JIANNING LIU¹, JIAPEI LU¹, JINQIAO ZHANG¹, GUOCHUAN ZHANG^2,*, LIXIA SUN^1,#,*

BIOCELL, Vol.48, No.2, pp. 303-311, 2024, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.046640

Abstract Background: Prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) patients with extramedullary disease (EMD) remains poor. T cell dysfunction and an immunosuppressive environment have been reported in the bone marrow (BM) of MM patients. However, the immunosuppressive microenvironment and immune checkpoint receptors (ICRs) on CD8 T cells in the EMD tissue of newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients have not been thoroughly studied. Methods: We investigated the expression levels of T cell immunoglobulin mucin-domain-containing-3 (TIM-3) and T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) on CD8 T cells and the expression of their ligands (Galectin-9 and CD155) on myeloma cells in EMD tissue of NDMM patients.… More > Graphic Abstract

HONGYUAN LIANG^1,#, YANQIU LI^2,#, YONGGANG QU³, LINGYUN ZHANG^4,*

Oncology Research, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 393-407, 2024, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.031134

Abstract Advanced LUAD shows limited response to treatment including immune therapy. With the development of sequencing omics, it is urgent to combine high-throughput multi-omics data to identify new immune checkpoint therapeutic response markers. Using GSE72094 (n = 386) and GSE31210 (n = 226) gene expression profile data in the GEO database, we identified genes associated with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) death using tools such as “edgeR” and “maftools” and visualized the characteristics of these genes using the “circlize” R package. We constructed a prognostic model based on death-related genes and optimized the model using LASSO-Cox regression methods. By calculating the cell death… More >

WENFEI GE^1,#, SHIYAN SONG^1,#, XIAOCHEN QI^1,#, FENG CHEN^1,#, XIANGYU CHE¹, YONGHAO SUN¹, JIN WANG¹, XIAOWEI LI², NANA LIU³, QIFEI WANG^1,*, GUANGZHEN WU^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.3, pp. 255-270, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.027942

Abstract As a common tumor of the urinary system, the morbidity and mortality related to renal carcinoma, are increasing annually. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell carcinoma, accounting for approximately 75% of the total number of patients with renal cell carcinoma. Currently, the clinical treatment of ccRCC involves targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and a combination of the two. In immunotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 blocking of activated T cells to kill cancer cells is the most common treatment. However, as treatment progresses, some patients gradually develop resistance to immunotherapy. Meanwhile, other patients experience great side effects after… More > Graphic Abstract

KAIMIN FAN, JUNWEI WENG^*

BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.6, pp. 1199-1211, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.028516

Abstract Immunotherapy targets the dysfunctional immune system to induce cancer cell killing by CD8-positive T cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), specifically anti-PD-1 antibodies, anti-PD-L1 antibodies, and anti-CTLA4 antibodies, have revolutionized the management of many malignancies due to their significant role in generating a durable clinical response. However, clinical data suggest that response rates to ICI monotherapy are low due to the immunologically silent characteristics of breast cancer (BC). Chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy were recently reported to alter the tumor microenvironment and enhance the ICI response. Some clinical studies supported that ICIs, in combination with other treatment strategies, show superior… More >

YANYA CHEN^1,#, HONGYUAN WU^2,#, RUISI ZHOU^5,#, HELING DONG⁴, XUEFANG ZHANG², XUEWEI WU¹, WENSHAN CHEN¹, YANTING YOU^5,*, YIFEN WU^3,*

BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.6, pp. 1353-1364, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.027346

Abstract Background: The relationship between microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns and tumor mutation burden (TMB) in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) was investigated in this study. Methods: The UCEC dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to identify the miRNAs that differ in expression between high TMB and low TMB sample sets. The total sample sets were divided into a training set and a test set. TMB levels were predicted using miRNA-based signature classifiers developed by Lasso Cox regression. Test sets were used to validate the classifier. This study investigated the relationship between a miRNA-based signature classifier and three… More >

Xue Cui^1,2, Min Peng², Honglei Chen^1,*

Oncologie, Vol.24, No.4, pp. 665-678, 2022, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2022.023641

Abstract The emergence of tumor immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has brought new life to cancer treatment, and ICIs can effectively treat various tumors. Among the immune anti-cancer therapies, PD-1 is undoubtedly the hot target after CTLA-4, but due to the ineffectiveness of PD-1 in treating certain tumors, researchers have shifted their focus to other combination targets, such as LAG-3, TIM3, IDO-1, etc. One of these promising targets is LAG-3, a target with multiple clinical trials, which has increasingly shown to be an inhibitory co-receptor that plays a vital role in autoimmunity, cancer immunity, and anti-infection immunity. Immune combination therapy… More >

Sridha Ganesh¹, Rui Wang¹, Honglei Chen^1,2

Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 335-350, 2021, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2021.018610

Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes about 84% of lung cancer. Hence, increased efforts have been fueled into immunotherapy of NSCLC with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). ICIs have recently taken off as promising immune-therapeutic methods that have slowed down the progress of NSCLC and equipped patients with survival advantages. However, the long-term respondents tally is less than 20% of the population. This low response rate warrants the need for dynamic biomarkers which will provide insight into the possible response of patients to ICIs. Biomarkers are biological molecules that predict the pathologic state of patients and the potential response they will… More >

LITING YOU^1,#, FEIFEI NA^2,#, JUAN ZHOU³, LIN JIAO³, YI ZHOU^3,*, BINWU YING^3,*

BIOCELL, Vol.45, No.3, pp. 649-663, 2021, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2021.013978

Abstract Reviews The Dectin-1 cluster comprises seven members: CLEC-12A, CLEC-12B, CLEC-1A, CLEC-7A, CLEC- 2, CLEC-9A and OLR1. These members have been demonstrated to be involved in the tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis of several cancers. However, little is known about their roles in human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The expression patterns of the Dectin-1 cluster were analyzed via the ONCOMINE and GEPIA databases. We evaluated the prognostic value of the Dectin-1 cluster in patients with LUAD using the Kaplan-Meier plotter and GEPIA. Differential expression was validated with the EMBL-EBI database, and protein expression was analyzed with the HPA database. In addition, protein-protein interaction… More >