Shiming He^1,4, Meng Guo¹, Bo Yang¹, Osama Alfarraj², Amr Tolba², Pradip Kumar Sharma³, Xi’ai Yan^4,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.75, No.3, pp. 5027-5047, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.038551 - 29 April 2023

Abstract Sensors produce a large amount of multivariate time series data to record the states of Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Multivariate time series timestamp anomaly detection (TSAD) can identify timestamps of attacks and malfunctions. However, it is necessary to determine which sensor or indicator is abnormal to facilitate a more detailed diagnosis, a process referred to as fine-grained anomaly detection (FGAD). Although further FGAD can be extended based on TSAD methods, existing works do not provide a quantitative evaluation, and the performance is unknown. Therefore, to tackle the FGAD problem, this paper first verifies that… More >

Yan Du^1,2, Shibin Zhang^1,2,*, Guogen Wan^1,2, Daohua Zhou³, Jiazhong Lu^1,2, Yuanyuan Huang^1,2, Xiaoman Cheng⁴, Yi Zhang⁴, Peilin He⁵

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.75, No.3, pp. 5743-5759, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.035919 - 29 April 2023

Abstract Nowadays, industrial control system (ICS) has begun to integrate with the Internet. While the Internet has brought convenience to ICS, it has also brought severe security concerns. Traditional ICS network traffic anomaly detection methods rely on statistical features manually extracted using the experience of network security experts. They are not aimed at the original network data, nor can they capture the potential characteristics of network packets. Therefore, the following improvements were made in this study: (1) A dataset that can be used to evaluate anomaly detection algorithms is produced, which provides raw network data. (2)… More >

Zhiping Lu¹, Xinwei Yue^2,*, Shuo Chen², Weiguo Ma¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.137, No.1, pp. 789-812, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.027663 - 23 April 2023

Abstract Active intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a novel and promising technology that is able to overcome the multiplicative fading introduced by passive IRS. In this paper, we consider the application of active IRS to non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks, where the incident signals are amplified actively through integrating amplifier to reflecting elements. More specifically, the performance of active/passive IRS-NOMA networks is investigated over large and small-scale fading channels. Aiming to characterize the performance of active IRS-NOMA networks, the exact and asymptotic expressions of outage probability for a couple of users, i.e., near-end user and far-end… More >

WEI BAO^1,#, QIANGUANG HAN^2,#, XIAO GUAN³, ZIJIE WANG², MIN GU^1,2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.2, pp. 181-192, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.028051 - 10 April 2023

Abstract Background: Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common malignant kidney cancer. However, the tumor microenvironment and crosstalk involved in metabolic reprogramming in ccRCC are not well-understood. Methods: We used The Cancer Genome Atlas to obtain ccRCC transcriptome data and clinical information. The E-MTAB-1980 cohort was used for external validation. The GENECARDS database contains the first 100 solute carrier (SLC)-related genes. The predictive value of SLC-related genes for ccRCC prognosis and treatment was assessed using univariate Cox regression analysis. An SLC-related predictive signature was developed through Lasso regression analysis and used to determine the risk… More >

GUSTAVO MARTÍN VILLOLDO¹, MARÍA TERESA POMBO², MARIANA ARIS³, JOAQUÍN CHEMI¹, PABLO MANDÓ³, SUPRIYA NAGARAJU⁴, JUAN CAMEAN¹, ADRIÁN BURIONI¹, DEBORAH EGEA¹, MORA AMAT⁵, JOSÉ LEÓN MELLADO³, JOSÉ MORDOH³, ALBERTO VILLARONGA¹, MARÍA MARCELA BARRIO^3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.2, pp. 207-220, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.028163 - 10 April 2023

Abstract Intravesical Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) is the gold standard therapy for intermediate/high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, the response rate is ~60%, and 50% of non-responders will progress to muscle-invasive disease. BCG induces massive local infiltration of inflammatory cells (Th1) and ultimately cytotoxic tumor elimination. We searched for predictive biomarker of BCG response by analyzing tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) polarization in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in pre-treatment biopsies. Pre-treatment biopsies from patients with NMIBC who received adequate intravesical instillation of BCG (n = 32) were evaluated retrospectively by immunohistochemistry. TME polarization was assessed by quantifying… More > Graphic Abstract

Noura Alenezi, Ahamed Aljuhani^*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.3, pp. 2899-2915, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.036657 - 03 April 2023

Abstract The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the industrial sector has given rise to a new term: the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). The IIoT is a collection of devices, apps, and services that connect physical and virtual worlds to create smart, cost-effective, and scalable systems. Although the IIoT has been implemented and incorporated into a wide range of industrial control systems, maintaining its security and privacy remains a significant concern. In the IIoT contexts, an intrusion detection system (IDS) can be an effective security solution for ensuring data confidentiality, integrity, and… More >

Lelisa Adeba Jilcha¹, Deuk-Hun Kim², Julian Jang-Jaccard³, Jin Kwak^4,*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.3, pp. 3261-3284, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.037615 - 03 April 2023

Abstract Contemporary attackers, mainly motivated by financial gain, consistently devise sophisticated penetration techniques to access important information or data. The growing use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the contemporary convergence environment to connect to corporate networks and cloud-based applications only worsens this situation, as it facilitates multiple new attack vectors to emerge effortlessly. As such, existing intrusion detection systems suffer from performance degradation mainly because of insufficient considerations and poorly modeled detection systems. To address this problem, we designed a blended threat detection approach, considering the possible impact and dimensionality of new attack surfaces… More >

Sareer Ul Amin¹, Yongjun Kim², Irfan Sami³, Sangoh Park^1,*, Sanghyun Seo^4,*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.3, pp. 3939-3958, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.034805 - 03 April 2023

Abstract In the present technological world, surveillance cameras generate an immense amount of video data from various sources, making its scrutiny tough for computer vision specialists. It is difficult to search for anomalous events manually in these massive video records since they happen infrequently and with a low probability in real-world monitoring systems. Therefore, intelligent surveillance is a requirement of the modern day, as it enables the automatic identification of normal and aberrant behavior using artificial intelligence and computer vision technologies. In this article, we introduce an efficient Attention-based deep-learning approach for anomaly detection in surveillance… More >

A. L. Amutha¹, R. Annie Uthra^1,*, J. Preetha Roselyn², R. Golda Brunet³

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.46, No.3, pp. 3387-3401, 2023, DOI:10.32604/csse.2023.029904 - 03 April 2023

Abstract The invention of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) produce synchronized phasor measurements with high resolution real time monitoring and control of power system in smart grids that make possible. PMUs are used in transmitting data to Phasor Data Concentrators (PDC) placed in control centers for monitoring purpose. A primary concern of system operators in control centers is maintaining safe and efficient operation of the power grid. This can be achieved by continuous monitoring of the PMU data that contains both normal and abnormal data. The normal data indicates the normal behavior of the grid whereas the… More >

Kristina Krzelj^1,#,*, Irena Ivanac Vranesic^2,#, Kristina Maric Besic², Zeljko Duric¹, Darko Anic¹

Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 207-212, 2023, DOI:10.32604/chd.2023.027453 - 15 March 2023

Abstract Main pulmonary artery aneurysms are rare, mostly asymptomatic and discovered accidentally. The main pulmonary artery aneurysms may be idiopathic or secondary to underlying diseases such as pulmonary hypertension, Behcet’s disease, connective tissue disorders, congenital heart disease, vasculitis, syphilis, tuberculosis and endocarditis. There are some indices that dextrocardia is associated with anomalies of the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary valve. A rare occurrence of main pulmonary artery aneurysms results in a lack of recommendations, so the remaining challenges are whether main pulmonary artery aneurysms should be treated, how, and when. The decision on surgical intervention or conservative More > Graphic Abstract