Blessing C. Ahamefule¹, Chidimma Osilo^2,3, Jennifer O. Unachukwu², Stella N. Madueke², Chukwuemeka Samson Ahamefule^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02025-0202 - 28 May 2026

Abstract Lignocellulosic waste, consisting mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, is the most abundant global biomass. Industries generate millions of tonnes of this waste biomass every year. This includes: sugarcane bagasse, corncob, rice straw and husk, oil palm fibres and empty fruit bunches, wheat straw, brewer’s spent grains, among others. These wastes could be valorized to produce high-value industrial lignocellulase enzymes, such as cellulases, hemicellulases and ligninases, by several microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. Furthermore, the crude or purified lignocellulase enzymes or the microbes producing these enzymes could be used to hydrolyze the lignocellulosic wastes into… More >

Hamed Younesi-Kordkheili^1,*, Antonio Pizzi^2,*, Ghorban Niyatzadeh³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0013 - 24 April 2026

Abstract In this research, an effective method has been developed to bond wood panel adhesives of good performance using biosourced lignin and chitosan as the two main raw materials. Lignin was thus modified by a deep eutectic solvent (DES) and maleic anhydride (MA), respectively. Then DES/MA modified lignin was reacted with glyoxal to obtain a new environmentally friendly lignin-glyoxal (LG) resin. Next, chitosan was added as a bio-crosslinker to the synthesised LG resin. Finally, the performance of the resulting adhesives was evaluated by bonding plywood panels with them. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) analysis was used… More > Graphic Abstract

Rui Lou^*, Chendan Xie, Haiyuan Yang, Yunyun Liu, Bin Zhang, Long He, Wei Chen

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.4, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02025-0193 - 24 April 2026

Abstract Amidst escalating global energy demands and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves, there is an urgent need to develop energy storage materials derived from low-cost and sustainable biomass. Lignin, an abundant aromatic polymer, has gained increasing recognition as a highly promising precursor for electrode materials due to its low cost, high carbon content, and rich functional groups. For electrochemical energy storage applications, lignin-derived carbon materials, including porous carbon, carbon fibers, and carbon aerogels, demonstrate considerable potential as effective electrodes. This review provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of recent advances in the field. It systematically… More > Graphic Abstract

Shasha Li, Bin Ji^*, Xiaodong Liu, Jun Ma, Jie Yu^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.87, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2026.076083 - 12 March 2026

Abstract Aligning natural language with operating system (OS) commands allows users to perform complex computer tasks through simple natural language descriptions. However, due to the complex nature of natural language, it still remains challenging to achieve precise alignment. In this paper, we present ComAlign, a Chinese benchmark dataset that pairs Chinese natural language descriptions with corresponding OS commands. ComAlign covers a broad range of 82 distinct OS command types with a total of 1811 natural language descriptions. We elaborate on the construction of ComAlign and construct three baselines to evaluate the alignment accuracy on ComAlign. Experimental More >

Jiazi Wang, Yanxia An^*, Jingyuan Su, Keke Liu, Jian Zhang, Yang Zhao, Linlin Li

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.2, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0151 - 25 February 2026

Abstract Lignin, the most abundant natural aromatic polymer globally, has garnered considerable interest due to its rich and diverse active functional groups and its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and adhesive properties. Recent research has significantly improved the performance of lignin-based hydrogels, suggesting their substantial potential in fields such as biomedicine, environmental science, and agriculture. This paper reviews the process of lignin extraction, systematically introduces synthesis strategies for preparing lignin-based hydrogels, and discusses the current state of research on these hydrogels in biomedical and environmental protection fields. It concludes by identifying the existing challenges in lignin hydrogel research and More > Graphic Abstract

Hamed Younesi-Kordkheili^1,*, Antonio Pizzi^2,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0179 - 23 January 2026

Abstract The aim of this research was to synthesize a new totally bio wood adhesive entailing the use of oxidized starch (OST), urea, and oxidized lignin (OL). For this reason, non-modified (L) and oxidized lignin (OL) at different contents (20%, 30%, and 40%) were used to prepare the starch-urea-lignin (SUL) and starch-urea-oxidized lignin (SUOL) resin. Sodium persulfate (SPS) as oxidizer was employed to oxidize both starch and lignin. Urea was just used as a low cost and effective crosslinker in the resin composition. The properties of the synthesized resins and the plywood panels bonded with them… More > Graphic Abstract

Rui Ribeiro^1,*, Miguel Guerreiro², Renato Reis², Joana T. Martins^3,4, Jorge M. Vieira^3,4, Mariana Martins da Silva¹, José A. Covas¹, Maria C. Paiva^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.10, pp. 1859-1880, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0071 - 22 October 2025

Abstract The growing environmental awareness, the search for alternatives to fossil resources, and the goal of achieving a circular economy have all contributed to the increasing valorization of biowaste to produce bio-based polymers and other high-value products. Among the various biowaste materials, lignin has gained significant attention due to its high aromatic carbon content, low cost, and abundance. Lignin is predominantly sourced as a byproduct from the paper industry, available in large quantities from hardwood and softwood, with variations in chemical structure and susceptibility to hydrolysis. This study focuses on softwood lignin obtained through the LignoForce™… More > Graphic Abstract

Pelita Ningrum¹, Sri Hidayati^1,*, Wahyu Hidayat², Samsul Rizal¹, Erika Ayu Agustiany³, Emma Rochima^4,5, Lee Seng Hua⁶, Antonio Di Martino⁷, Apri Heri Iswanto⁸, Widya Fatriasari^3,5,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.7, pp. 1367-1388, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0006 - 22 July 2025

Abstract Biodegradable plastics are types of plastics that can decompose into water and carbon dioxide the actions of living organisms, mostly by bacteria. Generally, biodegradable plastics are obtained from renewable raw materials, microorganisms, petrochemicals, or a combination of all three. This study aims to develop an innovative bioplastic by combining chitosan and lignin. Bioplastic was prepared by casting method and characterized by measuring the mechanical properties like tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation at break. The chemical structure, together with the interactions among chitosan and lignin and the presence of new chemical bonds, were evaluated by… More > Graphic Abstract

Haoquan Xue¹, Yujie Zhang¹, Zhuang Zhao¹, Haoran Gao¹, Wanlin Bao¹, Jiaxuan Li², Zhiheng Zhang², Qi Wang¹, Qiang He^1,*

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.42, No.2, pp. 379-409, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jpm.2025.066695 - 14 July 2025

Abstract Nanocellulose, derived from abundant lignocellulosic biomass, has emerged as a transformative material with unparalleled versatility across industries. This review systematically analyzes its sources, extraction methods, and multidimensional applications. Key findings include: (1) Plant fiber hierarchy dictates nanocellulose properties, with wood-derived cellulose offering high crystallinity and agricultural waste enabling cost-effective production. (2) Acid hydrolysis remains dominant for cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), while mechanical methods yield high-aspect-ratio cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). (3) Nanocellulose’s mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and tunable surface chemistry drive innovations in energy storage (e.g., supercapacitors), biosensors (e.g., glucose monitoring), and biomedical engineering (e.g., 3D-printed scaffolds). Challenges in More >

Eko Budi Santoso^1,2, Nur Izyan Wan Azelee^3,4, Deded Sarip Nawawi², Wasrin Syafii^2,*, Widya Fatriasari^2,5,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.5, pp. 865-884, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.058804 - 20 May 2025

Abstract The significant amount of ash content in agricultural biomass presents an enormous challenge for efficient conversion processes. In addressing this issue, various deashing treatments have been tested and established, including simple leaching techniques, which can either be performed with or without the addition of chemical agents. These techniques hold promise for improving the deashing efficiency while potentially altering the structural and chemical composition of biomass, specifically lignin content, which is the key focus of this review. This review starts by exploring the presence of ash in agricultural residues and its impact on biomass properties. Next,… More > Graphic Abstract