Ziyang Feng^1,#, Xinqi Cheng^2,#, Tianwen Wang³, Yongchao Han¹, Haihong Chen¹, Xinyu Zhang¹, Jie Sun¹, Wei Zhang^1,*, Feng Liu^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1633-1647, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.027542

Abstract Fatty Acyl-ACP thioesterase (FAT) is a key enzyme controlling oil biosynthesis in plant seeds. FATs can be divided into two subfamilies, FATA and FATB according to their amino acid sequences and substrate specificity. The Upland cotton genome contains 20 GhFAT genes, amongst which 6 genes were of the GhFATA subfamily and 14 of the GhFATB subfamily. The 20 GhFAT genes are unevenly distributed on 14 chromosomes. The GhFATA genes have 5 or 7 exons and the GhFATB genes have 6 or 7 exons. All GhFAT proteins have the conserved Acyl-ACP_TE domain and PLN02370 super family, the typical characteristics of plant… More >

Peiling Wang^1,#, Xiaohong Xu^2,#, Yong Li², Hecui Zhang¹, Xuejie Zhang³, Siru Zhou¹, Yimei Liu¹, Yunyan Feng¹, Tonghong Zuo¹, Liquan Zhu^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1469-1492, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.027133

Abstract Phytocyanin (PC) is a class of plant-specific blue copper proteins involved in electron transport, plant growth, development, and stress resistance. However, PC proteins have not been systematically evaluated in tobacco plants. We determined the whole-genome sequences of the PC family in the tobacco cultivar ‘K326.’ The transcriptome data were used to analyze the expression of the NtPC family at different development stages and tissue-specific genes. Real-time fluorescence quantitative analysis was used to analyze the expression of the NtPC gene family under low temperature and methyl jasmonate stress. The tobacco NtPC family contained 110 members and was divided into four subfamilies:… More >

Xiao-Mei Zhang^1,2, Yu Jin^1,2, Wei Xue², Jun-Qin Gao³, Ning-Fei Lei⁴, Jin-Song Chen^1,*, Fei-Hai Yu^2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1589-1601, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.027113

Abstract Environmental conditions of a parent plant can influence the performance of their clonal offspring, and such clonal transgenerational effects may help offspring adapt to different environments. However, it is still unclear how many vegetative generations clonal transgenerational effects can transmit for and whether it depends on the environmental conditions of the offspring. We grew the ancestor ramets of the floating clonal plant Spirodela polyrhiza under a high and a low nutrient level and obtained the so-called 1^st-generation offspring ramets of two types (from these two environments). Then we grew the 1^st-generation offspring ramets of each type under the high and… More >

Xuejun Zhang^1,#, Muhammad Amjad Bashir^2,#, Qurat-Ul-Ain Raza³, Xiaotong Liu¹, Jianhang Luo¹, Ying Zhao¹, Qiuliang Lei⁴, Hafiz Muhammad Ali Raza^2,3, Abdur Rehim^2,3, Yucong Geng⁴, Hongbin Liu^4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1349-1360, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026952

Abstract

The rapidly growing world population, water shortage, and food security are promising problems for sustainable agriculture. Farmers adopt higher irrigation and fertilizer applications to increase crop production resulting in environmental pollution. This study aimed to identify the long-term effects of intelligent water and fertilizers used in corn yield and soil nutrient status. A series of field experiments were conducted for six years with treatments as: farmer accustomed to fertilization used as control (CON), fertilizer decrement (KF), fertilizer decrement + water-saving irrigation (BMP1); combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer + water-saving irrigation (BMP2), and combined application of controlled-release fertilizer (BMP3).… More >

Shixiang Duan^1,#, Yaomiao Guo^1,#, Yinping Wang¹, Muhammad Jawad Umer², Dongming Liu¹, Sen Yang¹, Huanhuan Niu¹, Shouru Sun¹, Luming Yang¹, Junling Dou^1,*, Huayu Zhu^1,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1311-1328, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026928

Abstract Leaf is a vital organ of plants that plays an essential role in photosynthesis and respiration. As an important agronomic trait in leaf development, leaf shape is classified into lobed, entire (no-lobed), and serrated in most crops. In this study, two-lobed leaf watermelon inbred lines WT2 and WCZ, and a no-lobed leaf watermelon inbred line WT20 were used to create two F₂ populations. Segregation analysis suggested that lobed leaves were dominant over the no-lobed leaves, and it was controlled by a signal gene. A locus on watermelon chromosome 4 controlling watermelon lobed/no-lobed leaves was identified through BSA-seq strategy combined with… More >

Jiali Wang¹, Xiangmei Chen¹, Xiaozhen Huang¹, Yichen Zhao^1,*, Degang Zhao^1,2,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1377-1389, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026830

Abstract The phytoene desaturase (PDS) encodes a crucial enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Silencing or inhibiting PDS expression leads to the appearance of mottled, chlorosis, or albino leaves. In this study, the CDS sequence of EuPDS (Eucommia ulmoides Phytoene Desaturase) was first cloned and then PDS was silenced in Nicotiana benthamiana. Result showed the expression level of EuPDS in leaves was higher than that in the roots and stems. In N. benthamiana leaves, which were treated by Agrobacterium for 24 h, photo-bleaching was shown on the fresh leaves one week after injection and the transcript level of PDS was down-regulated… More >

Xiaotong Liu^1,#, Muhammad Amjad Bashir^2,3,#, Yucong Geng⁴, Qurat-Ul-Ain Raza², Abdur Rehim², Muhammad Aon², Jianhang Luo¹, Ying Zhao¹, Xuejun Zhang^1,*, Hongbin Liu^4,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1555-1570, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026735

Abstract

The increasing world population has forced excessive chemical fertilizer and irrigation to complete the global food demand, deteriorating the water quality and nutrient losses. Short-term studies do not compile the evidences; therefore, the study aimed to identify the effectiveness of reduced doses of inorganic fertilizer and water-saving practices, hence, a six-year experiment (2015–2020) was conducted in China to address the knowledge gap. The experimental treatments were: farmer accustomed fertilization used as control (525:180:30 kg NPK ha⁻¹), fertilizer decrement (450:150:15 kg NPK ha⁻¹), fertilizer decrement + water-saving irrigation (450:150:15 kg NPK ha⁻¹), application of organic and inorganic fertilizer + water-saving irrigation… More >

Riaz Ahmad^1,*, Hafiza Muniba Din Muhammad², Safina Naz², Meryam Manzoor², Muhammad Ahsan Altaf³

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1539-1553, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026672

Abstract Salinity is one of the major constraints reducing plant growth and yield. Irrigation with poor quality and brackish water to orchards is a major cause of stunted growth and low yield. The salt tolerance mechanism is one of the complicated genomic characters that is very problematic to develop in fruit trees and becomes much more severe at any growth and developmental stage. Osmotic stress and hormonal imbalances are major constraints causing low biomass production. Fruit tree tolerance/sensitivity is chiefly based on the activation of a defense system comprised of super-oxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalases (CAT), non-enzymatic compounds including… More >

Muhammad Jan^1,*, Muhammad Anwar-Ul-Haq², Talha Javed³, Sadam Hussain^4,*, Ilyas Ahmad⁵, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah⁶, Javed Iqbal⁷, Babar Hussain Babar⁸, Aqsa Hafeez⁹, Muhammad Aslam⁵, Muhammad Tahir Akbar¹⁰, Marjan Aziz⁶, Khadiga Alharbi¹¹, Izhar Ullah¹²

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1361-1375, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026620

Abstract Abiotic stresses are among the major limiting factors for plant growth and crop productivity. Among these, salinity is one of the major risk factors for plant growth and development in arid to semi-arid regions. Cultivation of salt tolerant crop genotypes is one of the imperative approaches to meet the food demand for increasing population. The current experiment was carried out to access the performance of different rice genotypes under salinity stress and Zinc (Zn) sources. Four rice genotypes were grown in a pot experiment and were exposed to salinity stress (7 dS m⁻¹), and Zn (15 mg kg⁻¹ soil) was… More >

Jia An^#, Xiang Wang^#, Yajiang Jing, Jianping Huang, Qilong Wang, Gang Zhang, Jing Gao, Liang Peng, Wenli Huang^*, Yonggang Yan^*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.5, pp. 1405-1420, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.026525

Abstract Although Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A.DC. is a renowned medicine food homology plant, reports of excessive cadmium (Cd) levels are common, which affects its safety for clinical use and food consumption. To enable its Cd levels to be regulated or reduced, it is necessary to first elucidate the mechanism of Cd uptake and accumulation in the plant, in addition to its detoxification mechanisms. This present study used inductively couple plasma-mass-spectrometry to analyze the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cd in different tissues of P. grandiflorum. The experimental results showed that Cd was mainly accumulated in the roots [predominantly in the… More >