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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Trichoderma spp. fostering growth on Capsicum chinense Jacq. seedlings and antagonistic against Meloidogyne incognita

    Candelero DJ1, AJ Cristóbal1, RA Reyes1, SJM Tun1, AMM Gamboa2, SE Ruíz1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.84, No.1, pp. 113-119, 2015, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2015.84.113

    Abstract Fourteen native strains of Trichoderma spp. from wildand agricultural pathosystems in the state of Yucatan, Mexico, with growth-promoting ability of Capsicum chinense Jacq. seedlings were evaluated and antagonistic effect of their filtrate against second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita. The strains Th05-02 and Th27-08 showed the best significant effects on plant hight variable increments 55.57 and 47.62%, theTh07-04 with 29.48% more root length, theTh02-01 and Th07-04 isolates increased from 48.71 to 84.61% in volume radical and 53.40% of total dry biomass. Statistical analysis (p≤0.001) of Th43 and Th43-13-14 filtrates caused 100% mortality at 24 and 48h. In More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Sodium sulfate exposure slows growth of native pecan seedlings

    Moreno-Izaguirre E1, D Ojeda-Barrios2, G Avila-Quezada2, V Guerrero-Prieto3, R Parra-Quezada3, T Ruiz-Anchondo2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.84, No.1, pp. 80-85, 2015, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2015.84.080

    Abstract Pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wanngenh) K. Koch] is one of the most important nut crops in arid and semiarid regions of Mexico. Here, most pecans are grown in saline soils having poor permeability which are further degraded by the use of low-quality irrigation water. Salinity adversely affects both pecan nut quality and yield. Little work has been done to explore the physiological effects of salinity on native pecan trees. Here we examine physiological changes determined by exposure of pecan seedlings to sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) at four concentrations: 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 mg/L applied twice weekly over a… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Strategies and survival tactics of Cologania broussonetii (Balb.) DC. (Fabaceae-Faboideae)

    Perissé P1, R Lovey2, ML Molinelli1, M Scandaliaris2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 275-281, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.275

    Abstract Cologania broussonetii (Balb.) DC. stands out as valuable perennial, native forage that grows in northwestern Argentina, Cordoba hills and San Luis Province. The objectives of this study were to establish the vegetative and reproductive structures in function of the strategies and survival tactics of Cologania broussonetii. The specimens were collected in the Pan de Azúcar loaf mountain, Córdoba, and in the experimental plots of the FCA, UNC, and were then deposited in the Herbarium ACOR and in the Seed Collection. Seedlings were obtained from germination assays. Cross section cuts were performed on the survival structures of adult… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Variability in the number of stems in Lotus tenuis seedlings growing at high density

    Entio LJ y MM Mujica

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 243-250, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.243

    Abstract Successful establishment of Lotus tenuis, an important legume to improve grasslands in the Pampa Deprimida, might be limited by low seedling vigor. The number of crown stems is an important component of vigor. The objective of this work was to determine the variability in the number of crown stems on seedlings of 11 Lotus tenuis natural populations sown at high density under semi-controlled conditions. Seeds of all populations were collected in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. They were sown in plastic pots and cultivated in a greenhouse. Eight weeks after seeding, seedlings of each population were… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of propagule size and plant density on seedling emergence, yield and quality of garlic (Allium sativum L.)

    Jiménez-Vázquez P1, JA Rangel-Lucio2, M Mendoza-Elos1, F Cervantes-Ortíz1, JG Rivera-Reyes1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.83, pp. 83-91, 2014, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2014.83.083

    Abstract The production and quality of garlic (Allium sativum L.) depend on agronomics management, physiological and sanitary characteristics of bulbs or bulbils used at sowing, and economic resources. The objective of this assay was to evaluate the effects of garlic bulb and bulbil sizes, and of plant density, on seedling emergence, and garlic bulb yield and quality cv. Taiwan. The garlic bulbs and bulbils classified and selected by size were made from Extra Flor, Gigante and Jumbo garlic bulbs. They were sown at three plant densities (333000, 285710 and 250000 plants/ha) in a split plot experimental… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Collocation Methods to Solve Certain Hilbert Integral Equation with Middle Rectangle Rule

    Jin Li1,2, De-hao Yu3,4

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.102, No.2, pp. 103-126, 2014, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2014.102.103

    Abstract The generalized composite middle rectangle rule for the computation of Hilbert integral is discussed. The pointwise superconvergence phenomenon is presented, i.e., when the singular point coincides with some a priori known point, the convergence rate of the rectangle rule is higher than what is global possible. We proved that the superconvergence rate of the composite middle rectangle rule occurs at certain local coordinate of each subinterval and the corresponding superconvergence error estimate is obtained. By choosing the superconvergence point as the collocation points, a collocation scheme for solving the relevant Hilbert integral equation is presented More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Bending, Free Vibration and Buckling Analysis of Functionally Graded Plates via Wavelet Finite Element Method

    Hao Zuo1,2, Zhibo Yang1,2,3, Xuefeng Chen1,2, Yong Xie4, Xingwu Zhang1,2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.44, No.3, pp. 167-204, 2014, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2014.044.167

    Abstract Following previous work, a wavelet finite element method is developed for bending, free vibration and buckling analysis of functionally graded (FG) plates based on Mindlin plate theory. The functionally graded material (FGM) properties are assumed to vary smoothly and continuously throughout the thickness of plate according to power law distribution of volume fraction of constituents. This article adopts scaling functions of two-dimensional tensor product BSWI to form shape functions. Then two-dimensional FGM BSWI element is constructed based on Mindlin plate theory by means of two-dimensional tensor product BSWI. The proposed two-dimensional FGM BSWI element possesses More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Anatomophysiological modifications induced by solid agricultural waste (vermicompost) in lettuce seedlings (Lactuca sativa L.)

    Argüello JA, L Seisdedos, MC Díaz Goldfarb, EA Fabio, SB Núñez, A Ledesma

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 289-295, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.289

    Abstract The objective of this work was to analyze the impact of a vermicompost treatment on anatomical and physiological modifications related to assimilate partitioning and growth in lettuce seedlings. The results showed that vermicompost increased growth, which was most likely due to an increased activity of the ground meristem of the leaf blade. A greater height and number of chlorenchyma layers were observed in the leaf blade. This was related to an increase in the photosynthetic activity, expressed by an increase in the net assimilation rate. Vermicompost also showed an effect at the procambium level, producing More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Control of seedling damping off caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii using onion broths

    Rivera MC1, ER Wright1, MC Fabrizio2, G Freixá1, R Cabalini1, SE Lopez3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 227-234, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.227

    Abstract Damping off is a frequent disease that kills seedlings. Cultural and biological controls are the only tools in organic crops to manage this disease, and only empirical information is available on the efficiency of plant preparations. This work evaluates the effects of fermented onion decoctions on the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii and disease incidence. Broth (B) and sterilized broth (SB) were respectively obtained by boiling chopped yellow onions in water, and incubating for 14 days at room temperature, with or without subsequent sterilization. The pathogens were grown on potato dextrose agar supplemented with B… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Sustainable management and use of a medicinal emblematic plant in Chile: Buddleja globosa Hope

    Wilckens P1, MP Fernández2, M Gómez1, I Peña3, G Montenegro1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.82, pp. 81-90, 2013, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2013.82.081

    Abstract Buddleja globosa Hope is a well-known native, medicinal plant because of its digestive and cicatrizing properties. Due to the increasing domestic and international demand, B. globosa abundance and distribution in Chile has resulted in the intensive exploitation of the plant’s natural habitat, without consideration of the plant’s regenerative capacity. The main objective of this research was to establish the B. globosa growth cycle and model its regeneration cycle. This would allow for more productive, efficient and sustainable use and management of this species, thus ensuring its long-term conservation. We selected two study sites, one wild and another one… More >

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