Yan Gui^1,#, Wen Pan^1,#, Ziyi Dong^1,#, Dongzhi Hu^1,#, Yaoyang Guo¹, Xinyi Wen¹, Haiyang Zhang², Zhansheng Jiang^1,*, Xiangqian Zheng^1,*, Ming Gao^2,*, Junyi Wang^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.12, pp. 3991-4011, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.067182 - 27 November 2025

Abstract Objectives: Metastatic spread to the lung is one of the leading causes of fatal outcomes in thyroid cancer, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate how exosomal microRNA-17-5p (miR-17-5p) promotes lung metastasis in thyroid cancer within the framework of the “seed and soil” hypothesis. Methods: Serum exosomes from thyroid cancer lung metastasis patients and controls were analyzed for miR-17, which was elevated in metastatic cases. miR-17 was transfected into embryonic lung fibroblasts (MRC-5), and their supernatants were co-cultured with thyroid cancer cells (Cal62). Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using colony formation, Ki67… More >

Sahbi Boubaker^1,2,*, Salim Hadj Said³, Souad Kamel¹, Habib Dimassi³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.85, No.3, pp. 5703-5721, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.069047 - 23 October 2025

Abstract Accurate trajectory tracking in lower-limb exoskeletons is challenged by the nonlinear, time-varying dynamics of human-robot interaction, limited sensor availability, and unknown external disturbances. This study proposes a novel control strategy that combines flatness-based control with two cascaded observers: a high-gain observer to estimate unmeasured joint velocities, and a nonlinear disturbance observer to reconstruct external torque disturbances in real time. These estimates are integrated into the control law to enable robust, state-feedback-based trajectory tracking. The approach is validated through simulation scenarios involving partial state measurements and abrupt external torque perturbations, reflecting realistic rehabilitation conditions. Results confirm More >

Chengru Yang^1,#, Zhiyu Wang^1,#, Shaowu Bi¹, Xinmiao Zhang¹, Zhaoqiang Xu¹, Yifei Ge¹, Tianjie Zhang¹, Nan Wang¹, Yi Xu^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,*}, Xiangyu Zhong^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.11, pp. 3207-3229, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.066150 - 22 October 2025

Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an extremely aggressive cancer of the digestive system with insidious onset and the lack of effective biomarkers, resulting in late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key mediators of intercellular communication that drive PC initiation and advancement. By modulating gene expression, they impact tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and immune evasion. Critically, exosomal ncRNAs serve as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic assessment. This review summarizes the current research achievements regarding exosomal ncRNAs in PC, systematically elaborating on their roles in tumor occurrence, metastasis, chemoresistance More >

Mohammad Soleimani Amiri¹, Sahbi Boubaker^2,3,*, Rizauddin Ramli^4,*, Souad Kamel²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.3, pp. 3113-3133, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.069167 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Disability is defined as a condition that makes it difficult for a person to perform certain vital activities. In recent years, the integration of the concepts of intelligence in solving various problems for disabled persons has become more frequent. However, controlling an exoskeleton for rehabilitation presents challenges due to their non-linear characteristics and external disturbances caused by the structure itself or the patient wearing the exoskeleton. To remedy these problems, this paper presents a novel adaptive control strategy for upper-limb rehabilitation exoskeletons, addressing the challenges of nonlinear dynamics and external disturbances. The proposed controller integrated… More >

CHIOMA C. EZEUKO^#, SANDANI V. T. WIJERATHNE^#, QIANA L. MATTHEWS^*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.9, pp. 1605-1629, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.065474 - 25 September 2025

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have arisen as potential therapeutic tools in managing infectious diseases because EVs can regulate cell-to-cell signaling, function as drug transport mechanisms, and influence immune reactions. They are obtained from a myriad of sources, such as plants, humans, and animal cells. EVs like exosomes and ectosomes can be utilized in their native form as therapeutics or engineered to encompass antimicrobials, vaccines, and oligonucleotides of interest with a targeted delivery strategy. An in-depth understanding of host-pathogen dynamics provides a solid foundation for exploiting its full potential in therapeutics against infectious diseases. This review mainly More >

LICHEN XU^1,2, PAN ZHANG³, GUIQI ZHANG², ZHAOLIANG SHEN⁴, XIZHUANG BAI^1,3,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.7, pp. 1797-1798, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.061279 - 26 June 2025

Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

JUNPING LIU^1,2, FEIRAN GAO¹, DANTING WANG², RUIXUE ZHOU², CHUNYAN HUANG^2,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1323-1334, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.059113 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Exosomes (EXOs) play an important role in the progression of breast cancer. EXOs, with a diameter of approximately 100 nm, have a simple structure but diverse functions, and can affect the development of breast cancer through signal transduction and molecular transfer, etc. Angiogenesis provides nutrients for the growth and metastasis of breast cancer and is a crucial part of tumor progression. The mechanism of tumor angiogenesis is complex. The VEGF/VEGFR pathway promotes angiogenesis by regulating the activities of ECs. Hypoxia, a common feature in the tumor microenvironment, as a key regulator, can affect angiogenesis… More > Graphic Abstract

LIBO LIANG¹, XINYI WANG^2,3,4, YUPING ZENG^2,3,4, HAO CHEN^2,3,4, WEN ZHOU¹, HONGYING MU^2,3,4, GA LIAO^5,6,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp. 1405-1421, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.056708 - 29 May 2025

Abstract Objectives: Exosomal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) might facilitate epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in liver cancer after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), thereby enhancing tumor cell invasiveness and migration. This study investigated the prognostic role of plasma exosomal long noncoding RNA-plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (lncRNA-PVT1) in TACE treated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Plasma exosomal lncRNA-PVT1 was evaluated via qPCR before and after TACE. Hepatoma cell behavior was investigated in different HCC cell lines. A lncRNA-PVT1 plasmid was synthesized and overexpressed, and si-lncRNA PVT1 was transfected into poorly invasive cells to reveal its influence on cell characteristics. The lncRNA-PVT1–FoxM1 interaction… More > Graphic Abstract

MAGDALENA WILCZAK^1,2,#, MAGDALENA SURMAN^1,#,*, MAłGORZATA PRZYBYłO^1,*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 245-262, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.055449 - 16 January 2025

Abstract Angiogenesis, the expansion of pre-existing vascular networks, is crucial for normal organ growth and tissue repair, but is also involved in various pathologies, including inflammation, ischemia, diabetes, and cancer. In solid tumors, angiogenesis supports growth, nutrient delivery, waste removal, and metastasis. Tumors can induce angiogenesis through proangiogenic factors including VEGF, FGF-2, PDGF, angiopoietins, HGF, TNF, IL-6, SCF, tryptase, and chymase. This balance is disrupted in tumors, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to this by transferring proangiogenic factors and increasing their expression in endothelial cells (ECs). Malignant melanoma, a particular type of skin cancer, accounts for More >

JUNWEI DU, QIANG ZHANG, JING ZHANG, MAIERDANJIANG MAIHEMUTI, HAIYANG HE, RENBING JIANG^*

Oncology Research, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 357-367, 2025, DOI:10.32604/or.2024.050878 - 16 January 2025

Abstract Objectives: Melanoma is a highly aggressive and metastatic form of cancer, and the role of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) in its progression remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of melanoma cell-derived exosomal miR-424-5p on angiogenesis and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Exosomes were isolated from melanoma cell lines A375 and A2058, and their effects on the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were examined. The interaction between miR-424-5p and its target gene, large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2), was analyzed using luciferase reporter assays and functional experiments. In vivo,… More >