ISABELLA PANFOLI^1,*, MAURIZIO BRUSCHI², GIOVANNI CANDIANO²

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2167-2176, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020154

Abstract Precision medicine is based on the identification of biomarkers of tumor development and progression. Liquid biopsy is at the forefront of the ability to gather diagnostic and prognostic information on tumors, as it can be noninvasively performed prior or during treatment. Liquid biopsy mostly utilizes circulating tumor cells, or free DNA, but also exosomes. The latter are nanovesicles secreted by most cell types, found in any body fluid that deliver proteins, nucleic acids and lipids to nearby and distant cells with a unique homing ability. Exosomes function in signalling between the tumor microenvironment and the rest of the body, promoting… More >

CARL RANDALL HARRELL^1,#, ANA VOLAREVIC^2,#,*, DRAGICA PAVLOVIC³, VALENTIN DJONOV⁴, VLADISLAV VOLAREVIC^4,5,*

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2195-2200, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020175

Abstract Detrimental immune response has a crucially important role in the development and progression of inflammatory eye diseases. Inflammatory mediators and proteolytic enzymes released by activated immune cells induce serious injury of corneal epithelial cells and retinal ganglion cell which may result in the vision loss. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regulatory cells which produce various immunosuppressive factors that modulate phenotype and function of inflammatory immune cells. However, several safety issues, including undesired differentiation and emboli formation, limit clinical use of MSCs. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles which contain all MSC-derived immunoregulatory factors. Intraocular administration of MSC-Exos efficiently attenuated… More >

ADRIANA L. FERREIRA, GUSTAVO C. PARIS, ALINE DE A. AZEVEDO, ERIKA A. C. CORTEZ, SIMONE N. CARVALHO, LAIS DE CARVALHO, ALESSANDRA A. THOLE^*

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.8, pp. 1807-1813, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.019363

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have pushed the field of stem cell-based therapies by inducing tissue regeneration, immunosuppression, and angiogenesis mainly through vesicles and soluble factors release (paracrine signaling). MSC-extracellular vesicles (MSC-EV) adaptable secretome and homing to injured sites allowed researchers to unlock a new era of cell-free based therapy. In parallel, nanoparticles (NP) have been explored in contributing to transport and drug delivery systems, giving drugs desired physical-chemical properties to exploit cell behavior. However, NPs can be quickly recognized by immune cells and cleared from circulation. In this viewpoint, we explore how combining both therapeutic strategies can improve efficacy and… More >

MASSIMO CONESE^1,*, AURELIO PORTINCASA²

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.8, pp. 1815-1826, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.019448

Abstract The treatment of nonhealing and chronic cutaneous wounds still needs a clinical advancement to be effective. Both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), obtained from different sources, and their secretome derived thereof (especially exosomes) can activate signaling pathways related to promotion of cell migration, vascularization, collagen deposition, and inflammatory response demonstrating prohealing, angiogenetic and anti-scarring capacities. On the other hand, biodegradable biomimetic scaffolds can facilitate endogenous cell attachment and proliferation as well as extracellular matrix production. In this Review, we revise the complex composites made by biomimetic scaffolds, mainly hydrogels, and MSC-derived exosomes constructed for cutaneous wound healing. Studies demonstrate that there… More >

KAN OUYANG^1,2,#, MEIQUAN XU^3,#, YUJIE LIANG⁴, XIAO XU², LIMEI XU², CAINING WEN^1,2, ZHUAN QIN², YIXIN XIE², HUAWEI ZHANG⁵, LI DUAN^2,*, DAPING WANG^1,2,5,*

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.6, pp. 1521-1526, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018788

Abstract There is no efficient tracking system available for the therapeutic molecules delivered to cartilage. The dense matrix covering the cartilage surface is the main biological barrier that the therapeutic molecules must overcome. In this study, we aimed to establish a system that can dynamically and effectively track the therapeutic molecules delivered to cartilage. To this aim, we adopted bovine and human cartilage explants as ex vivo models for chondrocyte-targeted exosome dispersion. The efficiency of drug delivery was evaluated using frozen sections. The results of this study showed that the penetration and distribution of chondrocyte-targeted exosomes in cartilage explants can be… More >

BENSHUAI YOU¹, HUI QIAN^1,2,*

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.6, pp. 1459-1463, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018378

Abstract Exosomes, especially from mesenchymal stem cells, have attracted extensive attention in regeneration medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes (MSCs-exosomes) have shown anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis and tissue regeneration effects in a variety of tissue injury repair models. MSCs-exosomes hold many excellent properties such as low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, and targeting capability. With the in-depth study on the generation and function of exosomes, MSCs-exosomes are considered to be the bright stars in the field of regenerative medicine. However, there are still many obstacles to overcome in terms of exosomes isolation, clinical trials and safety evaluation. In this article, what we should focus on… More >

DICKSON KOFI WIREDU OCANSEY^1,2,*, XINWEI XU¹, LU ZHANG¹, FEI MAO^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1169-1172, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018470

Abstract Stem cell research is a promising area of transplantation and regenerative medicine with tremendous potential for improving the clinical treatment and diagnostic options across a variety of conditions and enhancing understanding of human development. Over the past few decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) studies have exponentially increased with a promising outcome. However, regardless of the huge investment and the research attention given to stem cell research, FDA approval for clinical use is still lacking. Amid the challenges confronting stem cell research as a cell-based product, there appears to be evidence of superior effect and heightened potential success in its expressed… More >

TAILIN WU^1,#; XIANG ZHOU^2,#; CANHUA YE¹; WENCAN LU¹; HAITAO LIN¹; YANZHE WEI¹; ZEKAI KE¹; ZHENGJI HUANG¹; JIANZHOU LUO¹; HUIREN TAO¹; CHUNGUANG DUAN^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.4, pp. 1123-1123, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020679

Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

PETRA KRAUS^1,*, ANKITA SAMANTA¹, SINA LUFKIN², THOMAS LUFKIN¹

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.4, pp. 893-898, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018432

Abstract Pain and lifestyle changes are common consequences of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and affect a large part of the aging population. The stemness of cells is exploited in the field of regenerative medicine as key to treat degenerative diseases. Transplanted cells however often face delivery and survival challenges, especially in tissues with a naturally harsh microniche environment such as the intervertebral disc. Recent interest in the secretome of stem cells, especially cargo protected from microniche-related decay as frequently present in degenerating tissues, provides new means of rejuvenating ailing cells and tissues. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles with purposeful cargo… More >

FERENC SIPOS^*, GYÖRGYI MŰZES

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.4, pp. 903-906, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018200

Abstract Though mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as an important pillar of regenerative medicine, their regenerative potential has been shown to be limited in several pathological conditions. The adverse properties of MSC-based cell therapy have drawn attention to the therapeutic use of MSC-derived secretome. However, MSC-originated exosomes and microvesicles can also possess a significant impact on disease development, including cancer. By interchanging secretome, MSCs can interact with tumor cells and promote mutual exchange/induction of cellular markers. In addition, enzymes secreted into and activated within exosomes can result in the acquisition of new tumor cell properties. Therefore, therapeutic applications of MSC-derived… More >