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  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Progression of Exosome-Mediated Chemotherapy Resistance in Cancer

    Haojie Zhang1, Xiaohong Wang2,*, Yue Yu2, Zhenlin Yang3,*

    Oncologie, Vol.24, No.2, pp. 247-259, 2022, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2022.020993 - 29 June 2022

    Abstract Chemotherapy plays an important role in controlling cancer progression, but the long-term use of chemotherapeutic agents can lead to drug resistance and eventually treatment failure. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanism of drug resistance is the key to solve the problem of chemotherapy resistance. In recent years, exosomes derived from tumor cells have received extensive attention from researchers. In this paper, we reviewed the role and mechanism of exosome-mediated tumor drug resistance in recent years, summarized the related studies of exosome and chemotherapy drug resistance, and focused on several different ways by which exosomes participate in More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Exosomes: Key tools for cancer liquid biopsy

    ISABELLA PANFOLI1,*, MAURIZIO BRUSCHI2, GIOVANNI CANDIANO2

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2167-2176, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020154 - 13 June 2022

    Abstract Precision medicine is based on the identification of biomarkers of tumor development and progression. Liquid biopsy is at the forefront of the ability to gather diagnostic and prognostic information on tumors, as it can be noninvasively performed prior or during treatment. Liquid biopsy mostly utilizes circulating tumor cells, or free DNA, but also exosomes. The latter are nanovesicles secreted by most cell types, found in any body fluid that deliver proteins, nucleic acids and lipids to nearby and distant cells with a unique homing ability. Exosomes function in signalling between the tumor microenvironment and the… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as new remedy for the treatment of inflammatory eye diseases

    CARL RANDALL HARRELL1,#, ANA VOLAREVIC2,#,*, DRAGICA PAVLOVIC3, VALENTIN DJONOV4, VLADISLAV VOLAREVIC4,5,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.10, pp. 2195-2200, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020175 - 13 June 2022

    Abstract Detrimental immune response has a crucially important role in the development and progression of inflammatory eye diseases. Inflammatory mediators and proteolytic enzymes released by activated immune cells induce serious injury of corneal epithelial cells and retinal ganglion cell which may result in the vision loss. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are regulatory cells which produce various immunosuppressive factors that modulate phenotype and function of inflammatory immune cells. However, several safety issues, including undesired differentiation and emboli formation, limit clinical use of MSCs. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) are nano-sized extracellular vesicles which contain all MSC-derived immunoregulatory factors. Intraocular More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Mesenchymal stem cell secretome and nanotechnology: Combining therapeutic strategies

    ADRIANA L. FERREIRA, GUSTAVO C. PARIS, ALINE DE A. AZEVEDO, ERIKA A. C. CORTEZ, SIMONE N. CARVALHO, LAIS DE CARVALHO, ALESSANDRA A. THOLE*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.8, pp. 1807-1813, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.019363 - 22 April 2022

    Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have pushed the field of stem cell-based therapies by inducing tissue regeneration, immunosuppression, and angiogenesis mainly through vesicles and soluble factors release (paracrine signaling). MSC-extracellular vesicles (MSC-EV) adaptable secretome and homing to injured sites allowed researchers to unlock a new era of cell-free based therapy. In parallel, nanoparticles (NP) have been explored in contributing to transport and drug delivery systems, giving drugs desired physical-chemical properties to exploit cell behavior. However, NPs can be quickly recognized by immune cells and cleared from circulation. In this viewpoint, we explore how combining both therapeutic… More >

  • Open Access

    VIEWPOINT

    Mesenchymal stem cells, secretome and biomaterials in in-vivo animal models: Regenerative medicine application in cutaneous wound healing

    MASSIMO CONESE1,*, AURELIO PORTINCASA2

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.8, pp. 1815-1826, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.019448 - 22 April 2022

    Abstract The treatment of nonhealing and chronic cutaneous wounds still needs a clinical advancement to be effective. Both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), obtained from different sources, and their secretome derived thereof (especially exosomes) can activate signaling pathways related to promotion of cell migration, vascularization, collagen deposition, and inflammatory response demonstrating prohealing, angiogenetic and anti-scarring capacities. On the other hand, biodegradable biomimetic scaffolds can facilitate endogenous cell attachment and proliferation as well as extracellular matrix production. In this Review, we revise the complex composites made by biomimetic scaffolds, mainly hydrogels, and MSC-derived exosomes constructed for cutaneous wound More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Ex vivo cartilage explant model for the evaluation of chondrocyte-targeted exosomes

    KAN OUYANG1,2,#, MEIQUAN XU3,#, YUJIE LIANG4, XIAO XU2, LIMEI XU2, CAINING WEN1,2, ZHUAN QIN2, YIXIN XIE2, HUAWEI ZHANG5, LI DUAN2,*, DAPING WANG1,2,5,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.6, pp. 1521-1526, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018788 - 07 February 2022

    Abstract There is no efficient tracking system available for the therapeutic molecules delivered to cartilage. The dense matrix covering the cartilage surface is the main biological barrier that the therapeutic molecules must overcome. In this study, we aimed to establish a system that can dynamically and effectively track the therapeutic molecules delivered to cartilage. To this aim, we adopted bovine and human cartilage explants as ex vivo models for chondrocyte-targeted exosome dispersion. The efficiency of drug delivery was evaluated using frozen sections. The results of this study showed that the penetration and distribution of chondrocyte-targeted exosomes in More >

  • Open Access

    VIEWPOINT

    MSCs-exosomes in regeneration medicine: Current evidence and future perspectives

    BENSHUAI YOU1, HUI QIAN1,2,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.6, pp. 1459-1463, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018378 - 07 February 2022

    Abstract Exosomes, especially from mesenchymal stem cells, have attracted extensive attention in regeneration medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes (MSCs-exosomes) have shown anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis and tissue regeneration effects in a variety of tissue injury repair models. MSCs-exosomes hold many excellent properties such as low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, and targeting capability. With the in-depth study on the generation and function of exosomes, MSCs-exosomes are considered to be the bright stars in the field of regenerative medicine. However, there are still many obstacles to overcome in terms of exosomes isolation, clinical trials and safety evaluation. In this article, More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome: The likely game-changer in stem cell research

    DICKSON KOFI WIREDU OCANSEY1,2,*, XINWEI XU1, LU ZHANG1, FEI MAO1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.5, pp. 1169-1172, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018470 - 06 January 2022

    Abstract Stem cell research is a promising area of transplantation and regenerative medicine with tremendous potential for improving the clinical treatment and diagnostic options across a variety of conditions and enhancing understanding of human development. Over the past few decades, mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) studies have exponentially increased with a promising outcome. However, regardless of the huge investment and the research attention given to stem cell research, FDA approval for clinical use is still lacking. Amid the challenges confronting stem cell research as a cell-based product, there appears to be evidence of superior effect and heightened… More >

  • Open Access

    RETRACTION

    Retraction: M1 macrophage-derived exosomes moderate the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

    TAILIN WU1,#; XIANG ZHOU2,#; CANHUA YE1; WENCAN LU1; HAITAO LIN1; YANZHE WEI1; ZEKAI KE1; ZHENGJI HUANG1; JIANZHOU LUO1; HUIREN TAO1; CHUNGUANG DUAN1,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.4, pp. 1123-1123, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.020679 - 15 November 2021

    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open Access

    VIEWPOINT

    Stem cells in intervertebral disc regeneration–more talk than action?

    PETRA KRAUS1,*, ANKITA SAMANTA1, SINA LUFKIN2, THOMAS LUFKIN1

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.4, pp. 893-898, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018432 - 15 December 2021

    Abstract Pain and lifestyle changes are common consequences of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and affect a large part of the aging population. The stemness of cells is exploited in the field of regenerative medicine as key to treat degenerative diseases. Transplanted cells however often face delivery and survival challenges, especially in tissues with a naturally harsh microniche environment such as the intervertebral disc. Recent interest in the secretome of stem cells, especially cargo protected from microniche-related decay as frequently present in degenerating tissues, provides new means of rejuvenating ailing cells and tissues. Exosomes, a type of More >

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