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REVIEW

Ruoyu Liu^1,#, Yuhao Hu^1,#, Jing Xu², Aiting Cai¹, Anqi Wu¹, Lin Chen³, Weihua Cai³, Deping Dong⁴, Henggui Xu^5,*, Feng Wang^1,*
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 303-320, 2021, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2021.018514
Abstract Cancers are diseases with a high mortality rate worldwide. In order to better diagnose and improve the survival rate, many studies have been conducted. In recent years, the role of non-coding RNAs in cancers has been confirmed, and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted much attention. CircRNAs are involved in the occurrence and development of cancers with high stability. Experiments have shown that they can exist stably in peripheral blood. Therefore, the expression of circulating circRNAs can be detected to help diagnose cancers and reflect tumor progression. In this review, we summarized the role of circulating circRNAs in cancers and discussed… More >

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Imad Ahmad^1,2, Haroon Khan^2,*, Muhammad Usman Amin¹, Shah Khalid³, Tapan Behl⁴, Najeeb Ur Rahman¹
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 321-333, 2021, DOI:10.32604/Oncologie.2021.018296
Abstract Punarnavine (PN) has been isolated from the roots of Boerhaavia diffusa L. (Nyctaginaceae). It is an important medicinal plant with a vast historical ethnopharmacological background. Its identification resulted from the interrogation of ‘Punarnava’, a tribal medicinal product. The molecule exhibited its position as incipient anticancer therapeutic agent. The inhibition of NFκB, ATF-2, c-Fos, and CREB-1 are one of the underlying mechanisms of anticancer action along with modification of the immune system. These signalling molecules are upregulated in the cancer microenvironment. Punarnavine also modified the release of interleukins, i.e., upregulated IL-2, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ, while downregulated IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, VEGF,… More >

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REVIEW

Sridha Ganesh¹, Rui Wang¹, Honglei Chen^1,2
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 335-350, 2021, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2021.018610
Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes about 84% of lung cancer. Hence, increased efforts have been fueled into immunotherapy of NSCLC with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). ICIs have recently taken off as promising immune-therapeutic methods that have slowed down the progress of NSCLC and equipped patients with survival advantages. However, the long-term respondents tally is less than 20% of the population. This low response rate warrants the need for dynamic biomarkers which will provide insight into the possible response of patients to ICIs. Biomarkers are biological molecules that predict the pathologic state of patients and the potential response they will… More >

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REVIEW

Yongxia He¹, Zheng Wang¹, Yue Wang², Man Sun^3,*
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 351-357, 2021, DOI:10.32604/Oncologie.2021.014772
Abstract Gastric cancer is a highly malignant disease with complex pathogenic mechanisms, and has high incidence and mortality rate. At present, the diagnosis of gastric cancer mainly includes gastroscopy, serum analysis and needle biopsy, and the treatment methods include conventional surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Yet, some limitations were involved in these diagnostic and therapeutic methods, so accurate targeted therapy has received considerable attention. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA that can interact with the 3-terminal non-translational region of the target gene mRNA to reduce the expression of the target gene, participate in the regulation of multiple signaling pathways, and play an… More >

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Weifeng Ren^1,2,#, Xiaomeng Cai^2,3,#, Jun Chen^2,3,#, Lifo Ruan^2,3, Huiru Lu², Jiayu Zhang^2,3, Yi Hu^2,3,*, Jimin Gao^1,*
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 359-371, 2021, DOI:10.32604/Oncologie.2021.018605
Abstract This study reported the construction of GM-CSF-loaded chitosan/graphene oxide nanoparticles for photothermal therapy-assisted immunotherapy against murine orthotopic bladder cancer. The encapsulated GM-CSF in chitosan/graphene oxide nanoparticles facilitated their immobilization on biotinylated mouse orthotopic bladder cancer surface, resulting in slow release of antitumor immune adjuvant. Locally released GM-CSF efficiently recruited dendritic cells to bladder tumor sites, thereby promoting immune responses in mice. Thus, the activated immune response in mice provided enhanced antitumor effects. Meanwhile, the thermal effect from the nanoparticles upon light irradiation induced a significant increase in dendritic cells and T cells compared with other groups, which confirmed that the… More >

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Elda A. Flores-Contreras¹, Everardo González-González^2,3, Ana I. Zarazúa-Niño¹, Elsa N. Garza-Treviño¹, Natalia Martínez-Acuña¹, Viviana C. Zomosa-Signoret⁴, Román Vidaltamayo⁴, Gerardo E. Muñoz-Maldonado⁵, Raquel Garza-Guajardo⁶, Manuel de J. García-Solís⁷, Alejandro Abarca-Blanco³, Ana M. G. Rivas-Estilla¹, Carlos Córdova-Fletes^1,*
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 373-392, 2021, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2021.017786
Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. A major challenge in BC is chemoresistance, which is often modulated by epigenetic regulators such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Because these regulator lncRNAs may play diverse roles, determining their specific pathways and/or functions is crucial to identify possible biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for BC. In this study, we used gene expression microarrays in order to identify lncRNAs related to the BC biology. We found, among six differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, that the expression of lnc-ERP44-3:6 was consistently down-regulated in all breast tumor tissues compared to… More >

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Çağrı Öner^1,* and Ertuğrul Çolak²
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 393-407, 2021, DOI:10.32604/Oncologie.2021.016958
Abstract piRNAs are novel members of small non-coding RNAs and have an impact on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of cells. It was aimed to investigate the role of piR-651 on MCF-7 benign breast cancer cells by focusing on molecular characteristics. Anti-piR-651 was transfected and effects of piR-651 on proliferation, adhesion, and motility of MCF-7 cells were detected after the 24th, 48th, and 72nd hour. Gene expressions of piR-651, Ki-67, MMP-2, ERα, HIF-1α, and hTERT were determined by using RT-PCR. piR-651 inhibition caused the decrease of proliferation, adhesion (p < 0.001), and motility of MCF-7 cells. The efficiency of anti-piR-651 transfection supported… More >

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1147

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Yu-yuan Guo^1,#, Arokia Vijaya Anand Mariadoss^2,#, Kandasamy Saravanakumar², Tie-yan Jin^1,*, Hye-Young Kim^3,*, Myeong-Hyeon Wang²
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 409-424, 2021, DOI:10.32604/Oncologie.2021.017833
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Anticancer Natural Products for Oncology)
Abstract The medicinal plant of Acer tegmentosum Maxim is traditionally used in the southern part of Asia to treat oxidative stress-related diseases, including cancer, diabetes mellitus , wounds, infections, etc. Based on this, the current study was designed to investigate the phytochemical analysis, antioxidants and anti-cancer activities of Acer tegmentosum Maxim (AT). The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), free radicals scavenging (DPPH and ABTS), chemical constituents as well as cytotoxicity potential ATWE (Acer tegmentosum Maxim water extracts) and ATEE (Acer tegmentosum Maxim ethanolic extracts) were tested. The cytotoxic efficacy ATWE and ATEE were studied in Human embryonic kidney… More >

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Xuehua Luo^1,#, Huijun Xie^2,#, Li Han¹, Qiaoming Zhong³, Meng Xu^4,*, Ling Jin^1,*
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 425-438, 2021, DOI:10.32604/Oncologie.2021.017267
Abstract Tetrandrine has a variety of anti-tumor effects including against or reversal of tumor chemoresistance, but its mechanism of against tumor chemoresistance is still unclear. Therefore, the analytical method of network pharmacology and molecular docking was used to investigate the mechanism by which tetrandrine acts in tumor chemoresistance. We used public databases (PubChem, SwissADEM, SwissTargetPrediction) to obtain the physicochemical information and targets of tetrandrine, and used gene databases (GeneCards and OMIM) to collected disease targets, respectively. The intersection targets of disease and drug were analyzed by RStudio. We built protein-protein interaction network through the STRING database, and used Cystoscope to screen… More >

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Jiangyong Liu^1,#,*, Mingming Gu^2,#, Yang Xue¹, Qiong Wang³, Yong Ren³, Wencai Huang^1,*
Oncologie, Vol.23, No.3, pp. 439-452, 2021, DOI:10.32604/oncologie.2021.017220
Abstract Cavitary lung cancer is a rare type of lung cancer. Generally, the relationship between cavitary lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and specific immune checkpoints remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to detect the expression of programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) and the density of CD8-positive (CD8⁺) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) to evaluate their clinicopathological significance in the case of patients with cavitary LUAD. This study included 65 patients with cavitary LUAD. Patient specimens were obtained from surgery. The expression of PD-L1 protein and CD8⁺ TIL status was detected by traditional immunohistochemistry and multiplex quantitative immunofluorescence technology. The correlation of PD-L1 expression and CD8⁺… More >

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