Open Access

ARTICLE

Coordinated Optimization Strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage toward High-PV-Penetration Distribution Networks

Yechun Xin¹, Xinxin Cheng¹, Yanxu Wang^1,*, Weiru Wang¹, Jiexiang Han², Zhen Niu³
1 School of Northeast Electric Power University, Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & New Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin, China
2 State Grid Corporation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
3 Electric Power Science Research Institute, State Grid Corporation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
* Corresponding Author: Yanxu Wang. Email:
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Integration of Renewable Energies with the Grid: An Integrated Study of Solar, Wind, Storage, Electric Vehicles, PV and Wind Materials and AI-Driven Technologies)

Energy Engineering https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2026.079043

Received 13 January 2026; Accepted 06 March 2026; Published online 31 March 2026

Abstract

Addressing voltage violations and renewable energy absorption bottlenecks arising from high-penetration photovoltaic (PV) integration, this paper proposes a hierarchical optimisation architecture for a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) based on microgrid-distribution network coordination to enhance collaborative regulation of energy storage across multiple microgrids. The methodology comprises a PV hosting capacity assessment model and an HESS operation model that accounts for power supply reliability, forming a two-layer planning framework that integrates distributed decision-making with centralized coordination. At the microgrid level, HESS capacity is determined to minimise the local comprehensive cost, while the allocation ratio between lithium-based and hydrogen-based energy storage is optimised to maximise renewable energy utilization. At the distribution network level, a global collaborative dispatch of multi-microgrid energy storage is performed to minimise total system cost and voltage deviation, thereby achieving cross-regional power balance and voltage support. Simulation verification is conducted using actual distribution network data from Zhejiang Province and a 33-node test system. The results indicate that the proposed coordinated operation strategy can effectively improve voltage quality, enhance the PV absorption rate, and increase economic benefits.

---

Keywords

Hybrid energy storage capacity configuration; mayfly algorithm; high proportion of photovoltaics; bi-level optimization

---