Open Access

ARTICLE

Two-Stage Robust Optimal Dispatch of Integrated Wind-Solar-Hydro- Thermal-Storage System Containing P2G-CCS Equipment under Renewable Energy Uncertainties

Jiyuan Liao¹, Jiangyan Zhao^2,*, Xin Li³, Changmao Liu¹, Banghong Tang¹, Zihan Ling³
1 Guizhou Wujiang Hydropower Development Co., Ltd., Guiyang, 550002, China
2 Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited, Guiyang, 550081, China
3 School of Electrical Engineering and Renewable Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
* Corresponding Author: Jiangyan Zhao. Email:
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advanced Energy Management and Process Optimization in Industrial Manufacturing: Towards Smart, Sustainable, and Efficient Production Systems)

Energy Engineering https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2025.074667

Received 15 October 2025; Accepted 17 December 2025; Published online 09 January 2026

Abstract

To address the uncertainty and volatility of renewable energy while meeting the requirements of low-carbon economic operation, this paper proposes a two-stage robust optimal dispatch model for an integrated wind-solar-hydro-thermal-storage energy system with coupled power-to-gas (P2G) and carbon capture system (CCS). First, a mathematical model of the integrated wind-solar-hydro-thermal-storage energy system with P2G-CCS coupling is developed to promote internal carbon cycling and enhance the capability to accommodate renewable energy. Second, the scheduling problem is formulated as a two-stage robust optimization model. A cardinality-based uncertainty set is adopted to model deviations in renewable energy output, and a column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm is applied to efficiently solve the problem. Comparative case studies are conducted to quantify the performance differences between the proposed method and deterministic optimization and stochastic optimization. The results show that compared with conventional optimization methods, the proposed two-stage robust optimization model increases the carbon utilization rate of the IES to 24.38% and raises the renewable energy accommodation rate to 100%; the system’s intraday balancing cost and total operating cost are reduced by 94.54% and 4.49%, respectively, and the overall indirect carbon emissions decrease by 57.96%, thus achieving coordinated optimization of economic performance, robustness, and low-carbon characteristics. In addition, further analysis of the robustness parameter indicates that an overly conservative robust strategy leads to worse economic performance and higher carbon emissions. This study provides quantitative guidance for balancing robustness, economy, and environmental benefits in integrated energy system operation.

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Keywords

Integrated wind-solar-hydro-thermal-storage system; two-stage robust optimization; uncertainty; P2G-CCS; renewable energy; low-carbon economic dispatch

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