Open Access

ARTICLE

Coordinated Fault Ride-Through Strategy for Multi-Terminal VSC-HVDC System with Far-Offshore Wind Farms Integration

Qian Wu¹, Yang Wang¹, Yuchao Zheng¹, Linyuan Wang¹, Zhichao Yang², Bingtuan Gao^2,*
1 State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd. Economic and Technical Research Institute, Nanjing, China
2 School of Electrical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
* Corresponding Author: Bingtuan Gao. Email:
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Integration of Renewable Energies with the Grid: An Integrated Study of Solar, Wind, Storage, Electric Vehicles, PV and Wind Materials and AI-Driven Technologies)

Energy Engineering https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2026.077403

Received 08 December 2025; Accepted 02 February 2026; Published online 20 August 2026

Abstract

With offshore wind power evolving toward clusterization in far-offshore areas, voltage source converter-based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) technology remains the dominant transmission solution for connecting large-scale far-offshore wind farms to the onshore grid. To mitigate the DC overvoltage risk caused by active power imbalance in VSC-HVDC system integrated with far-offshore wind farms during onshore fault, a coordinated fault ride-through strategy is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the topology and mathematical model of a multi-terminal VSC-HVDC with permanent magnet synchronous generator-based offshore wind turbines (PMSG-OWTs) are established, and its transient behavior under fault condition is analyzed. Secondly, according to the fault voltage magnitude, pre-fault active power of VSC stations, and the number of faulty converter stations, the unbalanced power between sending-end VSC stations and receiving-end VSC stations is quantified. This quantified value is then used in conjunction with the voltage reduction region model to generate appropriate voltage reduction commands for the sending-end VSC stations. By adopting a common-outer-loop voltage reduction control scheme, the sending-end stations collectively and rapidly reduce their output power, thereby eliminating the power imbalance without resorting to additional hardware such as VSC choppers. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy effectively reduces surplus power and suppresses DC overvoltage under onshore fault scenarios, significantly improving the transient resilience of multi-terminal VSC-HVDC system integrated with far-offshore wind farms.

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Keywords

Far-offshore wind farm; VSC-HVDC; onshore fault; voltage reduction region; fault ride-through

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