Open Access

ARTICLE

Two-Stage Proactive Collaborative Defense Scheduling Method for Renewable Energy Base Clusters under Extreme Sandstorm Conditions

Yanhong Ma¹, Chunhua Li², Jinggeng Gao^3,*, Chengjia Bao¹, Qingquan Lv³, Jianmei Zhang³, Xiaochun Yang⁴, Xiang Wang⁴
1 State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Lanzhou, China
2 State Grid Baiyin Electric Power Company, Baiyin, China
3 State Grid Gansu Electric Power Research Institute, Lanzhou, China
4 Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute, Tsinghua University, Chengdu, China
* Corresponding Author: Jinggeng Gao. Email:
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Multi-Energy Complementarity and Source-Grid-Load-Storage Coordinated Dispatch in Integrated Energy Systems)

Energy Engineering https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2026.088517

Received 05 July 2026; Accepted 19 August 2026; Published online 26 August 2026

Abstract

To address severe uncertainty and operational risks arising from conventional scheduling for large-scale renewable energy base clusters under extreme sandstorm conditions, this paper proposes a two-stage proactive collaborative defense scheduling method considering the spatiotemporal propagation process of extreme sandstorm conditions. First, a multi-dimensional security state assessment model based on G1-CRITIC combined weighting is constructed to quantify the overall operational risk of the system under extreme weather. Second, by integrating the spatial propagation and time-lag characteristics of sandstorms, a joint scenario generation method for multi-base wind and photovoltaic output based on D-Vine Copula is established to characterize the spatiotemporal coupling uncertainty during disaster evolution. Finally, based on the generated spatiotemporal evolution scenarios, the flexibility requirements over multiple future periods are predicted and incorporated into the scheduling decision-making process, and a pre-disaster and intra-disaster two-stage collaborative defense scheduling model is developed. In the pre-disaster stage, multi-step look-ahead chance constraints are employed to reserve bidirectional reserve capacity, while in the intra-disaster stage, flexible resources are dispatched through receding-horizon correction. Simulation verification is conducted on an actual 10-GW-scale renewable energy base cluster in the desert and Gobi region of western China. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can predict the spatiotemporal impact of extreme sandstorm conditions, reduce power export deviation, and enhance the operational security of the system.

---

Keywords

Extreme sandstorm conditions; renewable energy base clusters; D-vine copula; two-stage collaborative defense scheduling; chance constraints

---