Open Access
ARTICLE
Yi Yang1,2,3, Xiaohui Zhang1,2,3,*, Minghao Xu1,2,3, Yutang Zhao4, Hua Wang1,2,3
FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.076426
Abstract To overcome the limited mixing efficiency associated with conventional steady-state side blowing in molten pool smelting, this study proposes a gas injection strategy that combines a swirl lance configuration with sinusoidal pulsed blowing. Using a volume-of-fluid (VOF) multiphase flow framework coupled with the Realizable k–ε turbulence model, the performance of constant-velocity blowing is systematically compared with sinusoidal pulsed blowing over a range of amplitudes (5, 10, and 15 m/s) and frequencies (0.5, 1, and 2 Hz). The results demonstrate that sinusoidal pulsed blowing markedly enhances gas–liquid mixing within the melt pool relative to constant-speed injection. More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Andrey Pryamikov*
FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2026.071903
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Vortex Phenomena in Various Fields of Physics: from Hydrodynamics to Biophysics)
Abstract This paper examines the connection between photonic band-gap formation in two types of two-dimensional photonic crystals and the emergence of reverse electromagnetic energy flows generated by linearly polarized plane waves incident on a photonic-crystal slab. We show that these reverse energy flows, observed in both transmitted and reflected fields, originate from vortex structures in the Poynting vector. The resulting energy-flow patterns exhibit striking analogies to vortex formation in fluid motion past obstacles. The geometry and dynamics of the Poynting-vector vortices determine whether the incident electromagnetic energy is impeded, leading to the formation of photonic band More >
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