Recently, research on uncertainty modeling is progressing rapidly and many essential and breakthrough studies have already been done. There are various ways such as fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy sets to handle these uncertainties. Although these concepts can handle incomplete information in various real-world issues, they cannot address all types of uncertainty such as indeterminate and inconsistent information. The neutrosophic theory that was founded by Florentin Smarandache in 1998 constitutes a further generalization of fuzzy set, intuitionistic fuzzy set, picture fuzzy set, Pythagorean fuzzy set, spherical fuzzy set, etc. Since then, this logic has been applied in various domains of science and engineering. Furthermore, the plithogenic set (as a generalization of crisp, fuzzy, Intuitionistic fuzzy and neutrosophic sets) was introduced by Smarandache in 2017. The plithogenic set is a set whose elements are characterized by the attribute values.

The objective of this special issue is to compile new and recent developments in methodologies, techniques, and applications of Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets for various practical problems and demonstrate the challenging issues on these topics. We welcome authors to present state-of-the-art and recent advancements in neutrosophic and plithogenic techniques, methodologies, mixed approaches, and research directions pointing to unsolved issues. Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic modelling

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic optimization

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in multiple criteria decision making

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in multiple objective decision making

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in linear/ nonlinear systems

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in Data Envelopment Analysis

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in manufacturing

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in lattice structure

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in fault diagnosis

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in Metaheuristic algorithms

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in Artificial Intelligence

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in neural networks and deep learning

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in pattern recognition

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in Virtual Reality

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in big data and analytics

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in image processing

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in supply chain and logistics management

· Neutrosophic and plithogenic sets in information systems and e-Business