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Arka Das¹, Anthony Khoury¹, Eduardo Divo^{1, *}, Victor Huayamave¹, Andres Ceballos², Ron Eaglin², Alain Kassab³, Adam Payne⁴, Vijay Yelundur⁴, Hubert Seigneur⁵
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 757-777, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08164
Abstract This paper presents a numerical reduced order model framework to simulate the physics of the thermomechanical processes that occur during c-Si photovoltaic (PV) cell fabrication. A response surface based on a radial basis function (RBF) interpolation network trained by a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) of the solution fields is developed for fast and accurate approximations of thermal loading conditions on PV cells during the fabrication processes. The outcome is a stand-alone computational tool that provides, in real time, the quantitative and qualitative thermomechanical response as a function of user-controlled input parameters for fabrication processes with the precision of 3D finite… More >

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Chen Yu¹, Qifu Wang^{1, ∗}, Chao Mei¹, Zhaohui Xia¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 779-803, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.09363
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Recent Developments of Isogeometric Analysis and its Applications in Structural Optimization)
Abstract This paper proposes a multiscale isogeometric topology optimization (ITO) method where the configuration and layout of microstructures are optimized simultaneously. At micro scale, a shape deformation method is presented to transform a prototype microstructure (PM) for obtaining a series of graded microstructures (GMs), where microstructural skeleton based on the level set framework is applied to retain more topology features and improve the connectability. For the macro scale calculation, the effective mechanical properties can be estimated by means of the numerical homogenization method. By adopting identical non-uniform rational basis splines (NURBS) as basis functions for both parameterized level set model and… More >

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Zaiguo Fu^{1, *}, Huanhuan Gao¹, Zhuoxiong Zeng¹, Jiang Liu¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 805-830, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08825
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Modeling and Simulation of Complex Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow)
Abstract In order to comprehensively evaluate the flow and heat transfer performance of a large-size annular combustion chamber of a heavy-duty gas turbine, we carried out numerical computation and analyses on the velocity, temperature and pressure fields in the chamber with double swirlers. The mathematical model of the coupling combustion, gas flow, and heat transfer process was established. The influences of the inlet swirling strength, fuel-air ratio and temperature of the premixed gas on the multi-field characteristics and synergy were investigated on the basis of field synergy theory. The results showed that the central recirculation zone induced by the inlet swirling… More >

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2088

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M. Al-Saad¹, C. A. Suarez^{2, 4}, A. Obeidat², S. P. A. Bordas^{1, 2, 3, *}, S. Kulasegaram¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 831-862, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08527
Abstract Thrombosis plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis or in haemostasis when a blood vessel is injured. This article focuses on using a meshless particle-based Lagrangian numerical technique, the smoothed particles hydrodynamic (SPH) method, to study the flow behaviour of blood and to explore the flow parameters that induce formation of a thrombus in a blood vessel. Due to its simplicity and effectiveness, the SPH method is employed here to simulate the process of thrombogenesis and to study the effect of various blood flow parameters. In the present SPH simulation, blood is modelled by two sets of particles that have the… More >

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M. Sujith^{1, *}, S. Padma²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 863-888, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08908
Abstract This paper proposes the optimum controller for shunt active filter (SAF) to mitigate the harmonics and maintain the power quality in the distribution system. It consists of shunt active filter, Voltage Source Inverter (VSI), series inductor and DC bus and nonlinear load. The proposed hybrid approach is a combination of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) termed as PSOANN. The PI controller gain parameters of k_p and k_i are optimized with the help of PSOANN. The PSOANN improves the accuracy of tuning the gain parameters under steady and dynamic load conditions; thereby it reduces the values of… More >

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Lihua Wang^{1, *}, Wenjing Ye¹, Yueting Zhou¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 889-906, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.09013
Abstract The lift force was reported not to be high enough to support the dragonfly’s weight during flight in some conventional investigations, and higher lift force is required for its takeoff. In this study, by employing a thin plate model, impact effect is investigated for the wing deformation in dragonfly flapping during takeoff. The static displacement is formulated to compare with the dynamical displacement caused by impact. The governing equation of motion for the impact dynamics of a dragonfly wing is derived based on Newton’s second law. Separation of variables technique and assumed modes method are introduced to solve the resulting… More >

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M. F. Elettreby^{1, 2, *}, Tamer Nabil^{1, 3}, A. Khawagi⁴
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 907-921, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08664
Abstract In this paper, a discrete Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model is proposed that considers mixed functional responses of Holling types I and III. The equilibrium points of the model are obtained, and their stability is tested. The dynamical behavior of this model is studied according to the change of the control parameters. We find that the complex dynamical behavior extends from a stable state to chaotic attractors. Finally, the analytical results are clarified by some numerical simulations. More >

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Yihua Xiao^{1, *}, Hecheng Wu¹, Xuecheng Ping^{2, *}
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 923-954, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07686
Abstract Ceramics are extensively used in protective structures which are often subjected to projectile impacts. During an impact process of a ceramic target by a projectile, fragmentation occurs in both the target and the projectile. It is challenging to simulate such events and predict residual mass and velocity of the projectile. In this work, we attempt to use smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) in LS-DYNA to reproduce fragmentation of the target and the projectile and predict residual mass and velocity of the projectile during a projectile impact of a ceramic target. SPH models for an alumina ceramic tile impacted by a blunt… More >

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Ping Lou^{1, 2, ∗}, Xinlei Zhang¹, F. T. K. Au³, Zixian Zhang¹, Yi Huang¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 955-969, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08302
Abstract Discretising a structure into elements is a key step in finite element (FE) analysis. The discretised geometry used to formulate an FE model can greatly affect accuracy and validity. This paper presents a unified dimensionless parameter to generate a mesh of cubic FEs for the analysis of very long beams resting on an elastic foundation. A uniform beam resting on elastic foundation with various values of flexural stiffness and elastic supporting coefficients subject to static load and moving load is used to illustrate the application of the proposed parameter. The numerical results show that (a) Even if the values of… More >

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Roberto Bellas^{1, *}, Javier Martínez¹, Ignacio Rivera², Ramón Touza², Miguel Gómez¹, Rafael Carreño¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 971-995, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07530
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Numerical Modeling and Simulation for Structural Safety and Disaster Mitigation)
Abstract The study of emergency evacuation in public spaces, buildings and large ships may present parallel characteristic in terms of complexity of the layout but there are also significant differences that can hindering passengers to reach muster stations or the lifeboats. There are many hazards on a ship that can cause an emergency evacuation, the most severe result in loss of lives. Providing safe and effective evacuation of passengers from ships in an emergency situation becomes critical. Recently, computer simulation has become an indispensable technology in various fields, among them, the evacuation models that recently evolved incorporating human behavioral factors. In… More >

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Decheng Feng^{1, 2, *}
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 997-1014, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07265
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Numerical Modeling and Simulation for Structural Safety and Disaster Mitigation)
Abstract In the present paper, a hierarchical multi-scale method is developed for the nonlinear analysis of composite materials undergoing heterogeneity and damage. Starting from the homogenization theory, the energy equivalence between scales is developed. Then accompanied with the energy based damage model, the multi-scale damage evolutions are resolved by homogenizing the energy scalar over the meso-cell. The macroscopic behaviors described by the multi-scale damage evolutions represent the mesoscopic heterogeneity and damage of the composites. A rather simple structure made from particle reinforced composite materials is developed as a numerical example. The agreement between the fullscale simulating results and the multi-scale simulating… More >

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Shixue Liang^{1, *}, Hankun Liu²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1015-1038, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07799
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Numerical Modeling and Simulation for Structural Safety and Disaster Mitigation)
Abstract A multi-scale damage model of concrete is proposed based on the concept of energy equivalent strain for generic two- or three-dimensional applications. Continuum damage mechanics serves as the framework to describe the basic damage variables, namely the tensile and compressive damage. The homogenized Helmholtz free energy is introduced as the bridge to link the micro-cell and macroscopic material. The crack propagation in micro-cells is modeled, and the Helmholtz free energy in the cracked micro-structure is calculated and employed to extract the damage evolution functions in the macroscopic material. Based on the damage energy release rates and damage consistent condition, the… More >

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Ling Ding^{1, 2}, Huyin Zhang^{1, *}, Jinsheng Xiao^{3, *}, Cheng Shu³, Shejie Lu²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1039-1053, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08268
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Security Enhancement of Image Recognition System in IoT based Smart Cities)
Abstract This paper proposes a novel method of lane detection, which adopts VGG16 as the basis of convolutional neural network to extract lane line features by cavity convolution, wherein the lane lines are divided into dotted lines and solid lines. Expanding the field of experience through hollow convolution, the full connection layer of the network is discarded, the last largest pooling layer of the VGG16 network is removed, and the processing of the last three convolution layers is replaced by hole convolution. At the same time, CNN adopts the encoder and decoder structure mode, and uses the index function of the… More >

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Liming Zheng^{1, 3, *}, Xiaodong Han^{2, 4}, Xinjun Yang¹, Qingzhong Chu¹, Guanghui Li¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1055-1080, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07588
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Modeling and Simulation of Complex Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow)
Abstract Pulse excitation or vibration stimulation was imposed on the low permeable formation with cracks to enhance the production or injection capacity. During that process, a coupling of wave-induced flow and initial flow in dual-porous media was involved. Researchers had done much work on the rule of wave propagation in fractured porous media, whereas attentions on the variation law of flow in developing low permeable formation with cracks under vibration stimulation were not paid. In this study, the effect of low-frequency vibration on the seepage in dual-porous media was examined for the application of wave stimulation technology in developing reservoirs with… More >

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Yanlong Zhang¹, Baoli Yin¹, Yue Cao¹, Yang Liu^{1 , *}, Hong Li¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1081-1098, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07822
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Numerical Methods for Differential and Integral Equations)
Abstract In this article, a high-order scheme, which is formulated by combining the quadratic finite element method in space with a second-order time discrete scheme, is developed for looking for the numerical solution of a two-dimensional nonlinear time fractional thermal diffusion model. The time Caputo fractional derivative is approximated by using the L2 -1 _σ formula, the first-order derivative and nonlinear term are discretized by some second-order approximation formulas, and the quadratic finite element is used to approximate the spatial direction. The error accuracy O(h ³ + ∆t ² ) is obtained, which is verified by the numerical results. More >

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Naeem Faraz^{1, *}, Yasir Khan², Amna Anjum¹, Anwar Hussain³
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1099-1118, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08389
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Numerical Methods for Differential and Integral Equations)
Abstract Current research is about the injection of a viscous fluid in the presence of a transverse uniform magnetic field to reduce the sliding drag. There is a slip-on both the slider and the ground in the two cases, for example, a long porous slider and a circular porous slider. By utilizing similarity transformation Navier-Stokes equations are converted into coupled equations which are tackled by Integral Transform Method. Solutions are obtained for different values of Reynolds numbers, velocity slip, and magnetic field. We found that surface slip and Reynolds number has a substantial influence on the lift and drag of long… More >

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Bingxiao Du¹, Yong Zhao^{1, *}, Wen Yao², Xuan Wang³, Senlin Huo¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1119-1140, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08859
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Recent Developments of Isogeometric Analysis and its Applications in Structural Optimization)
Abstract A general and new explicit isogeometric topology optimisation approach with moving morphable voids (MMV) is proposed. In this approach, a novel multiresolution scheme with two distinct discretisation levels is developed to obtain high-resolution designs with a relatively low computational cost. Ersatz material model based on Greville abscissae collocation scheme is utilised to represent both the Young’s modulus of the material and the density field. Two benchmark examples are tested to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Numerical results show that high-resolution designs can be obtained with relatively low computational cost, and the optimisation can be significantly improved without introducing… More >

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Xiaofeng Yang^{1, *}, Yanhong Li¹, Aiguo Nie¹, Sheng Zhi², Liyuan Liu³
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1141-1157, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08538
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Modeling and Simulation of Fluid flows in Fractured Porous Media: Current Trends and Prospects)
Abstract Supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO₂) jet rock breaking is a nonlinear impact dynamics problem involving many factors. Considering the complexity of the physical properties of the Sc-CO₂ jet and the mesh distortion problem in dealing with large deformation problems using the finite element method, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used to simulate and analyze the rock breaking process by Sc-CO₂ jet based on the derivation of the jet velocity-density evolution mathematical model. The results indicate that there exisits an optimal rock breaking temperature by Sc-CO₂. The volume and length of the rock fracture increase with the rising of the… More >

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