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Thanh Tien Bui^1,*, Yoshihisa Fujita², Susumu Nakata²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 425-442, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016766
Abstract In this paper, we propose a simplified approach of open boundary conditions for particle-based fluid simulations using the weakly compressible smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. In this scheme, the values of the inflow/outflow particles are calculated as fluid particles or imposed desired values to ensure the appropriate evolution of the flow field instead of using a renormalization process involving the fluid particles. We concentrate on handling the generation of new inflow particles using several simple approaches that contribute to the flow field stability. The advantages of the . -SPH scheme, specifically the particle shifting technique, were successfully applied to correct the… More >

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1332

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N. Ganesh¹, Uvaraja Ragavendran², Kanak Kalita^3,*, Paras Jain⁴, Xiao-Zhi Gao⁵
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 443-464, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014960
Abstract Optimizing the performance of composite structures is a real-world application with significant benefits. In this paper, a high-fidelity finite element method (FEM) is combined with the iterative improvement capability of metaheuristic optimization algorithms to obtain optimized composite plates. The FEM module comprises of ninenode isoparametric plate bending element in conjunction with the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). A recently proposed memetic version of particle swarm optimization called RPSOLC is modified in the current research to carry out multi-objective Pareto optimization. The performance of the MO-RPSOLC is found to be comparable with the NSGA-III. This work successfully highlights the use of… More >

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Liang Mu, Hong Zhao^*, Yan Li, Xiaotong Liu, Junzheng Qiu, Chuanlong Sun
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 465-483, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017276
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Modeling and Analysis of Autonomous Intelligence)
Abstract Traffic flow statistics have become a particularly important part of intelligent transportation. To solve the problems of low real-time robustness and accuracy in traffic flow statistics. In the DeepSort tracking algorithm, the Kalman filter (KF), which is only suitable for linear problems, is replaced by the extended Kalman filter (EKF), which can effectively solve nonlinear problems and integrate the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) of the target. The multi-target tracking framework was constructed with YOLO V5 target detection algorithm. An efficient and long-running Traffic Flow Statistical framework (TFSF) is established based on the tracking framework. Virtual lines are set up… More >

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1427

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Zhongxue Li^1,*, Jiawei Ji¹, Loc Vu-Quoc², Bassam A. Izzuddin³, Xin Zhuo¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 485-518, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016050
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Progress in Finite Element Methods Using Advanced Plate/Shell and Beam Theories)
Abstract Based on the first-order shear deformation theory, a 3-node co-rotational triangular finite element formulation is developed for large deformation modeling of non-smooth, folded and multi-shell laminated composite structures. The two smaller components of the mid-surface normal vector of shell at a node are defined as nodal rotational variables in the co-rotational local coordinate system. In the global coordinate system, two smaller components of one vector, together with the smallest or second smallest component of another vector, of an orthogonal triad at a node on a non-smooth intersection of plates and/or shells are defined as rotational variables, whereas the two smaller… More >

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943

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Jingjing Zhao^1,*, Guangda Lu², Qing Zhang³, Wenchao Du⁴
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 519-539, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017268
Abstract As a typical brittle material, glass is widely used in construction, transportation, shipbuilding, aviation, aerospace and other industries. The unsafe factors of glass mainly come from its rupture. Thus, establishing a set of prediction models for the cracks growth of glass under dynamic load is necessary. This paper presents a contact damage model for glass based on the ordinary state-based peridynamic theory by introducing a contact force function. The Hertz contact (nonembedded contact) problem is simulated, and the elastic contact force is determined by adjusting the penalty factor. The proposed model verifies the feasibility of penalty-based method to simulate the… More >

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1437

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Juan Ramón Bermejo Higuera¹, Javier Bermejo Higuera¹, Juan Antonio Sicilia Montalvo¹, Tomás Sureda Riera², Christopher I. Argyros³, Á. Alberto Magreñán^4,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 541-565, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017213
Abstract Security weaknesses in web applications deployed in cloud architectures can seriously affect its data confidentiality and integrity. The construction of the procedure utilized in the static analysis tools of source code security differs and therefore each tool finds a different number of each weakness type for which it is designed. To utilize the possible synergies different static analysis tools may process, this work uses a new method to combine several source codes aiming to investigate how to increase the performance of security weakness detection while reducing the number of false positives. Specifically, five static analysis tools will be combined with… More >

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972

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Sunil Kr. Jha^1,*, Zulfiqar Ahmad²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 567-594, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016817
Abstract Health care data mining is noteworthy in disease diagnosis and recognition procedures. There exist several potentials to further improve the performance of machine learning based-classification methods in healthcare data analysis. The selection of a substantial subset of features is one of the feasible approaches to achieve improved recognition results of classification methods in disease diagnosis prediction. In the present study, a novel combined approach of feature generation using latent semantic analysis (LSA) and selection using ranker search (RAS) has been proposed to improve the performance of classification methods in lymph disease diagnosis prediction. The performance of the proposed combined approach… More >

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1030

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Wei Wang^1,2, Yanfeng Zheng^1,3, Jingzhe Tang¹, Chao Yang¹, Yaozhi Luo^1,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 595-626, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017321
Abstract Large deformation contact problems generally involve highly nonlinear behaviors, which are very time-consuming and may lead to convergence issues. The finite particle method (FPM) effectively separates pure deformation from total motion in large deformation problems. In addition, the decoupled procedures of the FPM make it suitable for parallel computing, which may provide an approach to solve time-consuming issues. In this study, a graphics processing unit (GPU)-based parallel algorithm is proposed for two-dimensional large deformation contact problems. The fundamentals of the FPM for planar solids are first briefly introduced, including the equations of motion of particles and the internal forces of… More >

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807

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Chao Mei^1,2, Qifu Wang^1,*, Chen Yu¹, Zhaohui Xia¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 627-659, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017704
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Novel Methods of Topology Optimization and Engineering Applications)
Abstract This paper presents an effective fiber angle optimization method for two and multi-layered variable stiffness composites. A gradient-based fiber angle optimization method is developed based on isogeometric analysis (IGA). Firstly, the element densities and fiber angles for two and multi-layered composites are synchronously optimized using an extended Bi-layered continuous fiber angle optimization method (XBi-CFAO). The densities and fiber angles in the base layer are attached to the control points. The structure response and sensitivity analysis are accomplished using the non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) based IGA. By the benefit of the B-spline space, this method is free from checkerboards, and no… More >

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1142

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Jiazheng Du^*, Ying Zhang, Fanwei Meng
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 661-687, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017580
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Novel Methods of Topology Optimization and Engineering Applications)
Abstract Traditional topology optimization methods may lead to a great reduction in the redundancy of the optimized structure due to unexpected material removal at the critical components. The local failure in critical components can instantly cause the overall failure in the structure. More and more scholars have taken the fail-safe design into consideration when conducting topology optimization. A lot of good designs have been obtained in their research, though limited regarding minimizing structural compliance (maximizing stiffness) with given amount of material. In terms of practical engineering applications considering fail-safe design, it is more meaningful to seek for the lightweight structure with… More >

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923

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Aziz-Ur-Rehman¹, Muhammad Bilal Riaz^1,2, Syed Tauseef Saeed³, Shaowen Yao^4,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 689-703, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014980
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Modeling Real World Problems with Mathematics)
Abstract Convective flow is a self-sustained flow with the effect of the temperature gradient. The density is non-uniform due to the variation of temperature. The effect of the magnetic flux plays a major role in convective flow. The process of heat transfer is accompanied by a mass transfer process; for instance, condensation, evaporation, and chemical process. Due to the applications of the heat and mass transfer combined effects in a different field, the main aim of this paper is to do a comprehensive analysis of heat and mass transfer of MHD unsteady second-grade fluid in the presence of ramped boundary conditions… More >

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S. Iqbal¹, D. Baleanu^2,3, Javaid Ali⁴, H. M. Younas⁵, M. B. Riaz^6,7,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 705-727, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015375
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mathematical Aspects of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics)
Abstract This study employs a semi-analytical approach, called Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM), to analyze a coronavirus (COVID-19) transmission model of fractional order. The proposed method employs Caputo's fractional derivatives and Reimann-Liouville fractional integral sense to solve the underlying model. To the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first application of an optimal homotopy asymptotic scheme for better estimation of the future dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our proposed fractional-order scheme for the parameterized model is based on the available number of infected cases from January 21 to January 28, 2020, in Wuhan City of China. For the considered… More >

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Junding Sun^1,3,#, Xiang Li^1,#, Chaosheng Tang^1,*, Shixin Chen^2,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 729-753, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016416
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computer-Assisted Imaging Processing and Machine Learning Applications on Diagnosis of Chest Radiograph)
Abstract Purpose: As to January 11, 2021, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused more than 2 million deaths worldwide. Mainly diagnostic methods of COVID-19 are: (i) nucleic acid testing. This method requires high requirements on the sample testing environment. When collecting samples, staff are in a susceptible environment, which increases the risk of infection. (ii) chest computed tomography. The cost of it is high and some radiation in the scan process. (iii) chest X-ray images. It has the advantages of fast imaging, higher spatial recognition than chest computed tomography. Therefore, our team chose the chest X-ray images as the experimental dataset in… More >

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1161

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Saeed AlQadhi¹, Javed Mallick^1,*, Swapan Talukdar², Ahmed Ali Bindajam³, Ahmed Ali A. Shohan³, Shahfahad⁴
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 755-786, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016640
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Hybrid Intelligent Methods for Forecasting in Resources and Energy Field)
Abstract Given that many cities in Saudi Arabia have been observing rapid urbanization since the 1990s, scarce studies on the spatial pattern of urban expansion in Saudi Arabia have been conducted. Therefore, the present study investigates the evidence of land use and land cover (LULC) dynamics and urban sprawl in Abha City of Saudi Arabia, which has been experiencing rapid urbanization, from the past to the future using novel and sophisticated methods. The SVM classifier was used in this study to classify the LULC maps for 1990, 2000, and 2018. The LULC dynamics between 1990–2000, 2000–2018, and 1990–2018 have been analyzed… More >

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ARTICLE

Lu Cao, Li Huang, Penghe Zhao, Yuling Liu^*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 787-803, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016226
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Analysis of Quantum Chemical Calculation in POPs Degradation)
Abstract In view of the frequent waterlogging caused by rapid urbanization and the public’s dissatisfaction with the drainage system, the article based on the concept of the green ecological drainage system, constructed the urban green ecological drainage comprehensive simulation research system, and quickly evaluated pipe network operation and surface water of an industrial park under typical rainfall conditions. The results showed that the drainage capacity of the designed green ecological rainwater drainage system reached 100%, and there was no ponding phenomenon, which indicated that the green ecological rainwater drainage system could effectively solve the practical problems of urban drainage. The green… More >

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938

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Linfang Yu, Zhen Qin^*, Yi Ding, Zhiguang Qin
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 805-828, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017332
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Internet of Things in Healthcare and Health: Security and Privacy)
Abstract As an important part of the new generation of information technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely concerned and regarded as an enabling technology of the next generation of health care system. The fundus photography equipment is connected to the cloud platform through the IoT, so as to realize the real-time uploading of fundus images and the rapid issuance of diagnostic suggestions by artificial intelligence. At the same time, important security and privacy issues have emerged. The data uploaded to the cloud platform involves more personal attributes, health status and medical application data of patients. Once leaked, abused… More >

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1070

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Syed Ali Raza^*, Ahsan Ullah, Shuang He, Yifeng Wang, Jiangtao Li
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 829-847, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017360
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Recent Trends in Nanofluids: Modelling and Simulations)
Abstract The distribution transformer is the mainstay of the power system. Its internal temperature study is desirable for its safe operation in the power system. The purpose of the present study is to determine direct comprehensive thermal distribution in the distribution transformers for different loading conditions. To achieve this goal, the temperature distribution in the oil, core, and windings are studied at each loading. An experimental study is performed with a 10/0.38 kV, 10 kVA oil–immersed transformer equipped with forty–two PT100 sensors (PTs) for temperature measurement installed inside during its manufacturing process. All possible locations for the hottest spot temperature (HST)… More >

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Shouzhen Zeng^1,2,*, Zeeshan Ali³, Tahir Mahmood³
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 849-880, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016727
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Neutrosophic and Plithogenic Sets for Engineering and Sciences: Theory, Models, and Applications (ANPSESTMA))
Abstract In this manuscript, the theory of complex T-spherical dual hesitant uncertain linguistic set is discovered, which is the mixture of three different ideas like the complex T-spherical fuzzy set, dual hesitant fuzzy set, and uncertain linguistic set. The complex T-spherical dual hesitant uncertain linguistic set composes the uncertain linguistic set, truth grade, abstinence grade, and falsity grade. Whose real and imaginary parts are the subset of a unit interval, and some of their operational laws are also presented. The theory of complex T-spherical dual hesitant uncertain linguistic Muirhead mean operator, complex T-spherical dual hesitant uncertain linguistic weighted Muirhead mean operator,… More >

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Jamil Ahmed¹, Majed G. Alharbi², Muhammad Akram^3,*, Shahida Bashir¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 881-906, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017222
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Neutrosophic and Plithogenic Sets for Engineering and Sciences: Theory, Models, and Applications (ANPSESTMA))
Abstract A bipolar single-valued neutrosophic set can deal with the hesitation relevant to the information of any decision making problem in real life scenarios, where bipolar fuzzy sets may fail to handle those hesitation problems. In this study, we first develop a new method for solving linear programming problems based on bipolar singlevalued neutrosophic sets. Further, we apply the score function to transform bipolar single-valued neutrosophic problems into crisp linear programming problems. Moreover, we apply the proposed technique to solve fully bipolar single-valued neutrosophic linear programming problems with non-negative triangular bipolar single-valued neutrosophic numbers (TBS_vNNs) and non-negative trapezoidal bipolar single-valued neutrosophic… More >

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Dongsheng Xu, Lijuan Peng^*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 907-926, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016720
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Neutrosophic and Plithogenic Sets for Engineering and Sciences: Theory, Models, and Applications (ANPSESTMA))
Abstract Due to the complexity of decision-making problems and the subjectivity of decision-makers in practical application, it is necessary to adopt different forms of information expression according to the actual situation of specific decision-making problems and choose the best method to solve them. Multi-valued neutrosophic set, as an extension of neutrosophic set, can more effectively and accurately describe incomplete, uncertain or inconsistent information. TODIM and TOPSIS methods are two commonly used multi-attribute decision-making methods, each of which has its advantages and disadvantages. This paper proposes a new method based on TODIM and TOPSIS to solve multi-attribute decision-making problems under multi-valued neutrosophic… More >

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Mohammad Fallah^*, Hamed Nozari
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 927-951, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017511
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Neutrosophic and Plithogenic Sets for Engineering and Sciences: Theory, Models, and Applications (ANPSESTMA))
Abstract In this paper, a multi-objective sustainable biomass supply chain network under uncertainty is designed by neutrosophic programming method. In this method, for each objective function of the problem, three functions of truth membership, non-determination and falsehood are considered. Neutrosophic programming method in this paper simultaneously seeks to optimize the total costs of the supply chain network, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions, the number of potential people hired and the time of product transfer along the supply chain network. To achieve the stated objective functions, strategic decisions such as locating potential facilities and tactical decisions such as optimal product flow… More >

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Volkan Duran¹, Selçuk Topal^2,*, Florentin Smarandache³, Said Broumi⁴
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 953-971, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016696
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Neutrosophic and Plithogenic Sets for Engineering and Sciences: Theory, Models, and Applications (ANPSESTMA))
Abstract In this study, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire which was adapted from the short form of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire was evaluated and this scale into neutrosophic form was converted and the results of the scale were compared for proposing new type confirmatory analysis procedure as well as developing neutrosophic scales. The exploratory factor analysis was used in the analysis of the data. Besides, test results were analyzed for Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin and Bartlett values, common factor variance values, scree plot graphs, and the principal component analysis results. The sample of the study consists of 194 students in mathematics departments at… More >

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Changshuo Wang¹, Liangqing Wang^2,*, Shigui Du¹, Jun Ye^1,3, Rui Yong¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 973-991, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.017453
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Neutrosophic and Plithogenic Sets for Engineering and Sciences: Theory, Models, and Applications (ANPSESTMA))
Abstract To better estimate the rock joint shear strength, accurately determining the rock joint roughness coefficient (JRC) is the first step faced by researchers and engineers. However, there are incomplete, imprecise, and indeterminate problems during the process of calculating the JRC. This paper proposed to investigate the indeterminate information of rock joint roughness through a neutrosophic number approach and, based on this information, reported a method to capture the incomplete, uncertain, and imprecise information of the JRC in uncertain environments. The uncertainties in the JRC determination were investigated by the regression correlations based on commonly used statistical parameters, which demonstrated the… More >

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1122

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Fangjun Zuo^*, Meiwei Jia, Guang Wen, Huijie Zhang, Pingping Liu
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 993-1012, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016870
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computer-Aided Structural Integrity and Safety Assessment)
Abstract In the traditional reliability evaluation based on the Bayesian method, the failure probability of nodes is usually expressed by the average failure rate within a period of time. Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional Bayesian network reliability evaluation methods, this paper proposes a Bayesian network reliability evaluation method considering dynamics and fuzziness. The fuzzy theory and the dynamic of component failure probability are introduced to construct the dynamic fuzzy set function. Based on the solving characteristics of the dynamic fuzzy set and Bayesian network, the fuzzy dynamic probability and fuzzy dynamic importance degree of the fault state of leaf nodes… More >

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Junyu Chen¹, Yunwen Feng^1,*, Cheng Lu^1,2, Chengwei Fei²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 1013-1027, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016980
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computer-Aided Structural Integrity and Safety Assessment)
Abstract As the key component in aeroengine rotor systems, the health status of rolling bearings directly influences the reliability and safety of aeroengine rotor systems. In order to monitor rolling bearing conditions, a fusion fault diagnosis method, namely empirical mode decomposition (EMD)-Mahalanobis distance (E2MD) and improved wavelet threshold (IWT) (E2MD-IWT) for vibrational signals and acoustic emission (AE) signals is developed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of rolling bearings. The IWT method is proposed with a hard wavelet threshold and a soft wavelet threshold. Moreover, it is shown to be effective through numerical simulation. EMD is utilized to process the original AE… More >

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948

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Da Teng¹, Yunwen Feng^1,*, Cheng Lu^1,2, Chengwei Fei², Jiaqi Liu¹, Xiaofeng Xue^1,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 1029-1049, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016945
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computer-Aided Structural Integrity and Safety Assessment)
Abstract Turbine blisks are assembled using blades, disks and casings. They can endure complex loads at a high temperature, high pressure and high speed. The safe operation of assembled structures depends on the reliability of each component. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is commonly used to analyze structural reliability, but this method needs to run thousands of computations. In order to assess the clearance reliability of assembled structures in an efficient and precise manner, the novel Kriging-based decomposed-coordinated (DC) (DCNK) approach is proposed by integrating the DC strategy, the Kriging model and the importance sampling-based Markov chain (MCIS) technique. In this method,… More >

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Ghulam Muhiuddin^1,*, Waseem A. Khan², Abdulghani Muhyi³, Deena Al-Kadi⁴
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.129, No.2, pp. 1051-1073, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016546
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Trend Topics in Special Functions and Polynomials: Theory, Methods, Applications and Modeling)
Abstract In this paper, we introduce type 2 degenerate poly-Fubini polynomials and derive several interesting characteristics and properties. In addition, we define type 2 degenerate unipoly-Fubini polynomials and establish some certain identities. Furthermore, we give some relationships between degenerate unipoly polynomials and special numbers and polynomials. In the last section, certain beautiful zeros and graphical representations of type 2 degenerate poly-Fubini polynomials are shown. More >

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