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Ellie Vineyard¹, Xin-Lin Gao^2,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 819-854, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015688
Abstract 2-D and 3-D micro-architectured multiphase thermoelastic metamaterials are designed and analyzed using a parametric level set method for topology optimization and the finite element method. An asymptotic homogenization approach is employed to obtain the effective thermoelastic properties of the multiphase metamaterials. The -constraint multi-objective optimization method is adopted in the formulation. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and Poisson’s ratio (PR) are chosen as two objective functions, with the CTE optimized and the PR treated as a constraint. The optimization problems are solved by using the method of moving asymptotes. Effective isotropic and anisotropic CTEs and stiffness constants are obtained… More >

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1907

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1426

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Huinan Sun^1,*, Siqiang Wang², Zhuoqing Zhang¹, Chaoyong Xia¹, Xu Chen¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 855-873, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015791
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computational Mechanics of Granular Materials and its Engineering Applications)
Abstract Grains are widely present in industrial productions and processing, and are stored in silos. In the silo, auxiliary structures are added to achieve efficient production. However, little effort has been devoted to the influence of the internal structure of the silo on the granular flow. In this work, a silo with a central decompression tube is studied through experimental measurements and discrete element methods. Then, the influences of the central decompression tube on the flow behavior of grains and wall pressure are analyzed. Results show that the grains are in mass flow in the silo without a central decompression tube,… More >

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2548

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1578

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Ali. F. Jameel^1,*, N. R. Anakira², A. K. Alomari³, Noraziah H. Man¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 875-899, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014460
Abstract Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) is semi-analytic method to solve the linear and nonlinear mathematical models which can be used to obtain the approximate solution. The HAM includes an auxiliary parameter, which is an efficient way to examine and analyze the accuracy of linear and nonlinear problems. The main aim of this work is to explore the approximate solutions of fuzzy Volterra integral equations (both linear and nonlinear) with a separable kernel via HAM. This method provides a reliable way to ensure the convergence of the approximation series. A new general form of HAM is presented and analyzed in the fuzzy… More >

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1982

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1071

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1

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Safia Akram^*, Alia Razia
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 901-922, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014469
Abstract This article brings into focus the hybrid effects of thermal and concentration convection on peristaltic pumping of fourth grade nanofluids in an inclined tapered channel. First, the brief mathematical modelling of the fourth grade nanofluids is provided along with thermal and concentration convection. The Lubrication method is used to simplify the partial differential equations which are tremendously nonlinear. Further, analytical technique is applied to solve the differential equations that are strongly nonlinear in nature, and exact solutions of temperature, volume fraction of nanoparticles, and concentration are studied. Numerical and graphical findings manifest the influence of various physical flow-quantity parameters. It… More >

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1544

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1101

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ARTICLE

Ming He, Yunlong Liu^*, Shaofei Ren, Wentao Liu
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 923-942, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015259
Abstract The fluid-structure interaction of the oscillating bubble and floating body with circular hole is essentially the nonlinear coupling problem among the incomplete movable boundary, free surface and bubble. This problem is particularly complicated in bubble dynamics. Combined with the volume of fluid method, the Eulerian finite element method is employed to deal with the fluid movement. Based on the improved penalty immersed boundary method, the transient axisymmetric numerical model is established in this paper, considering the fluid-structure interaction effect. The results of simulation are consistent with those of the electric discharge bubble experiment and explosion experiment. Subsequently, considering the influence… More >

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1548

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1099

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Heonmoo Kim, Yosoon Choi^*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 943-964, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015300
Abstract In underground mine environments where various hazards exist, such as tunnel collapse, toxic gases, the application of autonomous robots can improve the stability of exploration and efficiently perform repetitive exploratory operations. In this study, we developed a small autonomous driving robot for unmanned environmental monitoring in underground mines. The developed autonomous driving robot controls the steering according to the distance to the tunnel wall measured using the light detection and ranging sensor mounted on the robot to estimate its location by simultaneously considering the measured values of the inertial measurement unit and encoder sensors. In addition, the robot autonomously drives… More >

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2016

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1390

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2

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Juyoung Park^1,*, Jung Hee Lee¹, Junseong Bang^2,3
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 965-976, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014669
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: HPC with Artificial Intelligence based Deep Video Data Analytics: Models, Applications and Approaches)
Abstract

We propose a mobile system, called PotholeEye⁺, for automatically monitoring the surface of a roadway and detecting the pavement distress in real-time through analysis of a video. PotholeEye⁺ pre-processes the images, extracts features, and classifies the distress into a variety of types, while the road manager is driving. Every day for a year, we have tested PotholeEye⁺ on real highway involving real settings, a camera, a mini computer, a GPS receiver, and so on. Consequently, PotholeEye⁺ detected the pavement distress with accuracy of 92%, precision of 87% and recall 74% averagely during driving at an average speed of 110 km/h… More >

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2012

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1308

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1

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Danhe Chen^1,*, A. A. Baranov², Chuangge Wang¹, M. O. Karatunov³, N. Yu. Makarov³
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 977-991, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014662
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Modeling and Analysis of Autonomous Intelligence)
Abstract As the number of space objects (SO) increases, collision avoidance problem in the rendezvous tasks or re-constellation of satellites with SO has been paid more attention, and the dangerous area of a possible collision should be derived. In this paper, a maneuvering method is proposed for avoiding collision with a space debris object in the phasing orbit of the initial optimal solution. Accordingly, based on the plane of eccentricity vector components, relevant dangerous area which is bounded by two parallel lines is formulated. The axises of eccentricity vector system pass through the end of eccentricity vector of phasing orbit in… More >

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2052

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1408

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Chao-Feng Shih¹, Yung-Wei Chen^1,3,*, Jiang-Ren Chang², Shih-Ping Soon¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 993-1012, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.012702
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Modeling Real World Problems with Mathematics)
Abstract

In this paper, the equal-norm multiple-scale Trefftz method combined with the implicit Lie-group scheme is applied to solve the two-dimensional nonlinear sloshing problem with baffles. When considering solving sloshing problems with baffles by using boundary integral methods, degenerate geometry and problems of numerical instability are inevitable. To avoid numerical instability, the multiple-scale characteristic lengths are introduced into T-complete basis functions to efficiently govern the high-order oscillation disturbance. Again, the numerical noise propagation at each time step is eliminated by the vector regularization method and the group-preserving scheme. A weighting factor of the group-preserving scheme is introduced into a linear system… More >

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1911

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1180

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P. Veeresha¹, Esin Ilhan², D. G. Prakasha³, Haci Mehmet Baskonus⁴, Wei Gao^5,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1013-1036, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014988
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mathematical Aspects of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics)
Abstract In this paper, we analyze the behaviour of solution for the system exemplifying model of tumour invasion and metastasis by the help of q-homotopy analysis transform method (q-HATM) with the fractional operator. The analyzed model consists of a system of three nonlinear differential equations elucidating the activation and the migratory response of the degradation of the matrix, tumour cells and production of degradative enzymes by the tumour cells. The considered method is graceful amalgamations of q-homotopy analysis technique with Laplace transform (LT), and Caputo–Fabrizio (CF) fractional operator is hired in the present study. By using the fixed point theory, existence… More >

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2438

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1483

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4

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Yudong Zhang^1,3,*, Xin Zhang^2,*, Weiguo Zhu¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1037-1058, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015807
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computer-Assisted Imaging Processing and Machine Learning Applications on Diagnosis of Chest Radiograph)
Abstract Aim: To diagnose COVID-19 more efficiently and more correctly, this study proposed a novel attention network for COVID-19 (ANC). Methods: Two datasets were used in this study. An 18-way data augmentation was proposed to avoid overfitting. Then, convolutional block attention module (CBAM) was integrated to our model, the structure of which is fine-tuned. Finally, Grad-CAM was used to provide an explainable diagnosis. Results: The accuracy of our ANC methods on two datasets are 96.32% ± 1.06%, and 96.00% ± 1.03%, respectively. Conclusions: This proposed ANC method is superior to 9 state-of-the-art approaches. More >

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3451

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2211

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1

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13

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Baoyu Ma^1,*, Guansuo Dui², Zhenglin Jia¹, Bo Yang¹, Chunyan Yang¹, Quangui Gao¹, Longhua Qin¹, Ju Ma¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1059-1067, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015776
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Modeling of Heterogeneous Materials)
Abstract A simple hydration model is used here by taking the composition of the cement and the initial water: cement ratio (w/c) into account explicitly. Its conceptual basis is a combination of the Avrami equation and Bentz’s model based on simple spatial considerations. In this model, the Avrami equation determines the initial reaction, and Bentz’s model describes the following hydration stage. The model favors engineers for it relies on one experimental parameter and has a reliable approximation in the practice. More >

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1907

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1669

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Xiajiong Shen^1,3, Shuaimin Jiang^2,3, Lei Zhang^1,2,3,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1069-1085, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015736
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Blockchain Security)
Abstract The emergence of smart contracts has increased the attention of industry and academia to blockchain technology, which is tamper-proofing, decentralized, autonomous, and enables decentralized applications to operate in untrustworthy environments. However, these features of this technology are also easily exploited by unscrupulous individuals, a typical example of which is the Ponzi scheme in Ethereum. The negative effect of unscrupulous individuals writing Ponzi scheme-type smart contracts in Ethereum and then using these contracts to scam large amounts of money has been significant. To solve this problem, we propose a detection model for detecting Ponzi schemes in smart contracts using bytecode. In… More >

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1945

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1643

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Yuhang Huo¹, Ye Tian¹, Shiming Pu¹, Tielin Shi¹, Qi Xia^1,2,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1087-1099, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015694
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: New Trends in Structural Optimization)
Abstract In the present study, we propose to integrate the bilateral filter into the Shepard-interpolation-based method for the optimization of composite structures. The bilateral filter is used to avoid defects in the structure that may arise due to the gap/overlap of adjacent fiber tows or excessive curvature of fiber tows. According to the bilateral filter, sensitivities at design points in the filter area are smoothed by both domain filtering and range filtering. Then, the filtered sensitivities are used to update the design variables. Through several numerical examples, the effectiveness of the method was verified. More >

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1784

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1170

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Tao Zhang^1,*, Ke Xu^1,2, Wenxiong Huang¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1101-1117, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015406
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computational Mechanics of Granular Materials and its Engineering Applications)
Abstract In this paper, the densely arrayed bonded particle model is proposed for simulation of granular materials with discrete element method (DEM) considering particle crushing. This model can solve the problem of pore calculation after the grains are crushed, and reduce the producing time of specimen. In this work, several one-dimensional compressing simulations are carried out to investigate the effect of particle crushing on mechanical properties of granular materials under a wide range of stress. The results show that the crushing process of granular materials can be divided into four different stages according to e_r-logσ_y curves. At the end of the… More >

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2130

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1383

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Zhengquan Li^1,*, Pei Zhang¹, Yongchang Sun¹, Chenglin Zheng¹, Liang Xu², Dianyu E¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1119-1132, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016019
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computational Mechanics of Granular Materials and its Engineering Applications)
Abstract In this paper, the gas and seed flow characters in the air-blowing seed metering device are investigated by using the coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) in three dimensions (3D). The method of establishing boundary model based on the computer-aided design (CAD) drawing, has been used to build the boundary model of seed metering device. The 3D laser scanning technique and multi-element method are adopted to establish the particle model. Through a combined numerical and experimental effort, using 3D CFD-DEM software, which is based on the in-house codes, the mechanisms governing the gas and solid dynamic behaviors… More >

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2022

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1227

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Bin Zhang^1,2, Yiming Huang^3,4, Tingting Zhao^5,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1133-1150, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.016018
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computational Mechanics of Granular Materials and its Engineering Applications)
Abstract The simulation of a large number of particles requires unacceptable computational time that is the most critical problem existing in the industrial application of the DEM. Coarse graining is a promising approach to facilitate the application of DEM to industrial problems. While the current coarse graining framework is often developed in an ad-hoc manner, leading to different formulations and different solution accuracy and efficiency. Therefore, in this paper, existing coarse graining techniques have been carefully analysed by the exact scaling law which can provide the theory basis for the upscaling method. A proper scaling rule for the size of particles… More >

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1821

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1248

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Huan Zhang^1,2, Jiliu Zhou^1,2,*, Xi Wu²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1151-1175, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.015462
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Intelligent Models for Security and Resilience in Cyber Physical Systems)
Abstract In hardware Trojan detection technology, destructive reverse engineering can restore an original integrated circuit with the highest accuracy. However, this method has a much higher overhead in terms of time, effort, and cost than bypass detection. This study proposes an algorithm, called mixed-feature gene expression programming, which applies non-destructive reverse engineering to the chip with bypass detection data. It aims to recover the original integrated circuit hardware, or else reveal the unknown circuit design in the chip. More >

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1827

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1196

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Annan Jiang^*, Xinping Guo, Shuai Zheng, Mengfei Xu
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1177-1199, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014199
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Intelligent Computing for Engineering Applications)
Abstract Due to the geological body uncertainty, the identification of the surrounding rock parameters in the tunnel construction process is of great significance to the calculation of tunnel stability. The ubiquitous-joint model and three-dimensional numerical simulation have advantages in the parameter identification of surrounding rock with weak planes, but conventional methods have certain problems, such as a large number of parameters and large time consumption. To solve the problems, this study combines the orthogonal design, Gaussian process (GP) regression, and difference evolution (DE) optimization, and it constructs the parameters identification method of the jointed surrounding rock. The calculation process of parameters… More >

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2071

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1500

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Azam Zaka¹, Ahmad Saeed Akhter¹, Riffat Jabeen^2,*, Aamir Sanaullah²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.127, No.3, pp. 1201-1223, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2021.014477
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Intelligent Computing for Engineering Applications)
Abstract In practice, the control charts for monitoring of process mean are based on the normality assumption. But the performance of the control charts is seriously affected if the process of quality characteristics departs from normality. For such situations, we have modified the already existing control charts such as Shewhart control chart, exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart and hybrid exponentially weighted moving average (HEWMA) control chart by assuming that the distribution of underlying process follows Power function distribution (PFD). By considering the situation that the parameters of PFD are unknown, we estimate them by using three classical estimation methods,… More >

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2489

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1452