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Soukaina Mjahed^1,*, Khadija Bouzaachane¹, Ahmad Taher Azar^2,3, Salah El Hadaj¹, Said Raghay¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 459-494, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.010791
Abstract This paper focuses on the unsupervised detection of the Higgs boson particle using the most informative features and variables which characterize the “Higgs machine learning challenge 2014” data set. This unsupervised detection goes in this paper analysis through 4 steps: (1) selection of the most informative features from the considered data; (2) definition of the number of clusters based on the elbow criterion. The experimental results showed that the optimal number of clusters that group the considered data in an unsupervised manner corresponds to 2 clusters; (3) proposition of a new approach for hybridization of both hard and fuzzy clustering… More >

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Zhiyuan Liu^1,2, Xin Tan², Xiaobo Liu^1,2, Pingan Chen^1,2, Ke Yi^1,2, Tianzhi Yang^1,2, Qiao Ni^3,4, Lin Wang^3,4,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 495-514, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.012030
Abstract Cantilevered pipe conveying fluid may become unstable and flutter instability would occur when the velocity of the fluid flow in the pipe exceeds a critical value. In the present study, the theoretical model of a cantilevered fluid-conveying pipe attached by an inerter-based dynamic vibration absorber (IDVA) is proposed and the stability of this dynamical system is explored. Based on linear governing equations of the pipe and the IDVA, the effects of damping coefficient, weight, inerter, location and spring stiffness of the IDVA on the critical flow velocities of the pipe system is examined. It is shown that the stability of… More >

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Yi Yang, Robert Nawrocki, Richard Voyles, Haiyan H. Zhang^*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 515-539, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.010165
Abstract Equipped with a two-dimensional topological structure, a group of masses, springs and dampers can be demonstrated to model the internal dynamics of a thin-film transistor (TFT). In this paper, the two-dimensional Mass-Spring-Damper (MSD) representation of an inverted staggered TFT is proposed to explore the TFT’s internal stress/strain distributions, and the stress-induced effects on TFT’s electrical characteristics. The 2D MSD model is composed of a finite but massive number of interconnected cellular units. The parameters, such as mass, stiffness, and damping ratios, of each cellular unit are approximated from constitutive equations of the composite materials, while the electrical properties of the… More >

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Jingfa Li¹, Bo Yu^1,*, Qianqian Shao², Dongliang Sun¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 541-563, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.011835
Abstract In this work, the drag-reducing mechanism of high-Reynoldsnumber turbulent channel flow with surfactant additives is investigated by using large eddy simulation (LES) method. An N-parallel finitely extensible nonlinear elastic model with Peterlin’s approximation (FENE-P) is used to describe the rheological behaviors of non-Newtonian fluid with surfactant. To close the filtered LES equations, a hybrid subgrid scale (SGS) model coupling the spatial filter and temporal filter is applied to compute the subgrid stress and other subfilter terms. The finite difference method and projection algorithm are adopted to solve the LES governing equations. To validate the correctness of our LES method and… More >

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Anber Saleem^1,2, Salman Akhtar³, Sohail Nadeem^3,*, Alibek Issakhov⁴, Mehdi Ghalambaz^5,6
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 565-577, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.011883
Abstract The blood flow through a catheterized artery having a mild stenosis at the wall together with a blood clot at the centre is studied in the current investigation. Stenosis can occur in vessels carrying blood to brain (i.e., Carotid arteries), Renal arteries that supply blood to kidneys etc. The flow is refined in such vessels by application of catheter. We have used a Newtonian viscous fluid model and also distinct shapes of stenosis, (i.e., symmetric and non-symmetric shapes) are considered for this study. The entropy generation together with viscous dissipation is also taken into account for a complete description of… More >

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Xing Deng^1,2, Haijian Shao^1,2,*, Liang Shi³, Xia Wang^4,5, Tongling Xie⁶
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 579-596, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.011920
Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is wreaking havoc around the world, bring out that the enormous pressure on national health and medical staff systems. One of the most effective and critical steps in the fight against COVID-19, is to examine the patient’s lungs based on the Chest X-ray and CT generated by radiation imaging. In this paper, five keras-related deep learning models: ResNet50, InceptionResNetV2, Xception, transfer learning and pre-trained VGGNet16 is applied to formulate an classification–detection approaches of COVID-19. Two benchmark methods SVM (Support Vector Machine), CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) are provided to compare with the classification–detection approaches based on… More >

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Ting Zang¹, Dongbin Zhu^2,*, Guowang Mu¹
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 597-610, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.09965
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Design & simulation in Additive Manufacturing)
Abstract According to the requirement of heterogeneous object modeling in additive manufacturing (AM), the Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) method has been applied to the digital representation of heterogeneous object in this paper. By putting forward the NURBS material data structure and establishing heterogeneous NURBS object model, the accurate mathematical unified representation of analytical and free heterogeneous objects have been realized. With the inverse modeling of heterogeneous NURBS objects, the geometry and material distribution can be better designed to meet the actual needs. Radical Basis Function (RBF) method based on global surface reconstruction and the tensor product surface interpolation method are combined… More >

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Jiachen Guo^1,2, Yunfei Xu², Zhenyu Jiang^1,*, Xiaoyi Liu², Yang Cai^2,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 611-623, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.011148
Abstract Both of Buckling and post-buckling are fundamental problems of geometric nonlinearity in solid mechanics. With the rapid development of nanotechnology in recent years, buckling behaviors in nanobeams receive more attention due to its applications in sensors, actuators, transistors, probes, and resonators in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) and biotechnology. In this work, buckling and post-buckling of copper nanobeam under uniaxial compression are investigated with theoretical analysis and atomistic simulations. Different cross sections are explored for the consideration of surface effects. To avoid complicated high order buckling modes, a stressbased simplified model is proposed to analyze the critical strain for buckling, maximum deflection,… More >

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1364

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S. Velliangiri^1,*, J. Premalatha²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 625-645, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.010869
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Security Enhancement of Image Recognition System in IoT based Smart Cities)
Abstract Different devices in the recent era generated a vast amount of digital video. Generally, it has been seen in recent years that people are forging the video to use it as proof of evidence in the court of justice. Many kinds of researches on forensic detection have been presented, and it provides less accuracy. This paper proposed a novel forgery detection technique in image frames of the videos using enhanced Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). In the initial stage, the input video is taken as of the dataset and then converts the videos into image frames. Next, perform pre-sampling using the… More >

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Yongping Yu¹, Lihui Chen¹, Juanjuan Wang¹, Guoji Liu^2,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 647-670, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.011067
Abstract The tower line system will be in an unsafe status due to uniform or uneven fall of ice coating which is attached to the surface of tower and lines. The fall of ice could be caused by wind action or thermal force. In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the self-failure of the transmission line under the action of dynamic wind load, a finite element model of the two-span transmission tower line system was established. The birth and death element methods are used to simulate the icing and shedding of the line. Tensile failure strength is the shedding criterion… More >

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S. Jerald Nirmal Kumar^1,*, S. Ravimaran², M. M. Gowthul Alam³
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 671-697, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.09361
Abstract Nowadays, succeeding safe communication and protection-sensitive data from unauthorized access above public networks are the main worries in cloud servers. Hence, to secure both data and keys ensuring secured data storage and access, our proposed work designs a Novel Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) relying upon a non-commutative encryption framework. It makes use of a Novel Quantum Key Distribution approach, which guarantees high level secured data transmission. Along with this, a shared secret is generated using Diffie Hellman (DH) to certify secured key generation at reduced time complexity. Moreover, a non-commutative approach is used, which effectively allows the users to store… More >

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Xianghui Lu¹, Junliang Fan², Lifeng Wu^1,*, Jianhua Dong³
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 699-723, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.011004
Abstract It is important for regional water resources management to know the agricultural water consumption information several months in advance. Forecasting reference evapotranspiration (ET₀) in the next few months is important for irrigation and reservoir management. Studies on forecasting of multiple-month ahead ET₀ using machine learning models have not been reported yet. Besides, machine learning models such as the XGBoost model has multiple parameters that need to be tuned, and traditional methods can get stuck in a regional optimal solution and fail to obtain a global optimal solution. This study investigated the performance of the hybrid extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model… More >

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Junfu Zhu¹, Qian Yin^1,2,*, Hongwen Jing¹, Xinshuai Shi¹, Minliang Chen^1,3
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 725-753, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.012648
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Modeling and Simulation of Fluid flows in Fractured Porous Media: Current Trends and Prospects)
Abstract This study experimentally and numerically investigated the anchorage properties, bolt force evolution, deformation and stress fields of blocky rock mass with various dip angles of joint surfaces under an applied axial load. The results show that due to bolt reinforcement, the axial stress-strain curves of anchorage blocky rock mass show typical strain-hardening characteristics, and compared with models without anchorage, the peak strength and elastic modulus increase by 21.56% and 20.0%, respectively. With an increase in axial stress, the lateral strain continuously increases, and restriction effects of bolts reduce the overall deformation of model surfaces. The axial stressstrain curves of anchorage… More >

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Baoyin Sun^{1, 2}, Yantai Zhang³, Caigui Huang^{4, *}
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 755-776, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.09632
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Novel Methods for Reliability Evaluation and Optimization of Complex Mechanical Structures)
Abstract Steel frames equipped with buckling restrained braces (BRBs) have been increasingly applied in earthquake-prone areas given their excellent capacity for resisting lateral forces. Therefore, special attention has been paid to the seismic risk assessment (SRA) of such structures, e.g., seismic fragility analysis. Conventional approaches, e.g., nonlinear finite element simulation (NFES), are computationally inefficient for SRA analysis particularly for large-scale steel BRB frame structures. In this study, a machine learning (ML)- based seismic fragility analysis framework is established to effectively assess the risk to structures under seismic loading conditions. An optimal artificial neural network model can be trained using calculated damage… More >

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Jiaqi He¹, Yangjun Luo^1,2,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 777-800, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.010688
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Novel Methods for Reliability Evaluation and Optimization of Complex Mechanical Structures)
Abstract For structures that only the predicted bounds of uncertainties are available, this study proposes a Bayesian method to logically evaluate the nonprobabilistic reliability of structures based on multi-ellipsoid convex model and performance test data. According to the given interval ranges of uncertainties, we determine the initial characteristic parameters of a multi-ellipsoid convex set. Moreover, to update the plausibility of characteristic parameters, a Bayesian network for the information fusion of prior uncertainty knowledge and subsequent performance test data is constructed. Then, an updated multi-ellipsoid set with the maximum likelihood of the performance test data can be achieved. The credible non-probabilistic reliability… More >

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Fan Yang^1,2,3,*, Jianwei Ren^1,2
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 801-814, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08889
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Novel Methods for Reliability Evaluation and Optimization of Complex Mechanical Structures)
Abstract Based on the rapid simulation of Markov Chain on samples in failure region, a novel method of reliability analysis combining Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) with random forest algorithm was proposed. Firstly, a series of samples distributing around limit state function are generated by MCMC. Then, the samples were taken as training data to establish the random forest model. Afterwards, Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the failure probability. Finally, examples demonstrate the proposed method possesses higher computational efficiency and accuracy. More >

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Panagiotis G. Asteris^1,*, Maria G. Douvika¹, Chrysoula A. Karamani¹, Athanasia D. Skentou¹, Katerina Chlichlia², Liborio Cavaleri³, Tryfon Daras⁴, Danial J. Armaghani⁵, Theoklis E. Zaoutis⁶
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 815-828, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.013280
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Soft Computing Techniques in Materials Science and Engineering)
Abstract The modeling and risk assessment of a pandemic phenomenon such as COVID-19 is an important and complicated issue in epidemiology, and such an attempt is of great interest for public health decision-making. To this end, in the present study, based on a recent heuristic algorithm proposed by the authors, the time evolution of COVID-19 is investigated for six different countries/states, namely New York, California, USA, Iran, Sweden and UK. The number of COVID-19-related deaths is used to develop the proposed heuristic model as it is believed that the predicted number of daily deaths in each country/state includes information about the… More >

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Chuanyong Qu^*, Hui Yuan
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 829-847, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.012407
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computer Methods in Bio-mechanics and Biomedical Engineering)
Abstract Microdamage is produced in bone tissue under the long-term effects of physiological loading, as well as age, disease and other factors. Bone remodeling can repair microdamage, otherwise this damage will undermine bone quality and even lead to fractures. In this paper, the damage variable was introduced into the remodeling algorithm. The new remodeling algorithm contains a quadratic term that can simulate reduction in bone density after large numbers of loading cycles. The model was applied in conjunction with the 3D finite element method (FEM) to the remodeling of the proximal femur. The results showed that the initial accumulation of fatigue… More >

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Weiwen Kong¹, Baowei Wang^1,2,3,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 849-863, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.012818
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Intelligent Models for Security and Resilience in Cyber Physical Systems)
Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) is a network that connects things in a special union. It embeds a physical entity through an intelligent perception system to obtain information about the component at any time. It connects various objects. IoT has the ability of information transmission, information perception,andinformationprocessing.Theairqualityforecastinghasalways been an urgent problem, which affects people’s quality of life seriously. So far, many air quality prediction algorithms have been proposed, which can be mainly classifed into two categories. One is regression-based prediction, the other is deep learning-based prediction. Regression-based prediction is aimed to make use of the classical regression algorithm and the various… More >

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Gen Xu, Danhe Chen, Xiang Zhang, Wenhe Liao^*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 865-878, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.012844
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Modeling and Analysis of Autonomous Intelligence)
Abstract For the on-orbit flight missions, the model of orbit prediction is critical for the tasks with high accuracy requirement and limited computing resources of spacecraft. The precession-nutation model, as the main part of extended orbit prediction, affects the efficiency and accuracy of on-board operation. In this paper, the previous research about the conversion between the Geocentric Celestial Reference System and International Terrestrial Reference System is briefly summarized, and a practical concise precession-nutation model is proposed for coordinate transformation computation based on Celestial Intermediate Pole (CIP). The idea that simplifying the CIP-based model with interpolation method is driven by characteristics of… More >

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Ji-Hwei Horng¹, Juan Lin^2,*, Yanjun Liu³, Chin-Chen Chang^3,4,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 879-906, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.09355
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Information Hiding and Multimedia Security)
Abstract By embedding secret data into cover images, image steganography can produce non-discriminable stego-images. The turtle shell model for data hiding is an excellent method that uses a reference matrix to make a good balance between image quality and embedding capacity. However, increasing the embedding capacity by extending the area of basic structures of the turtle shell model usually leads to severe degradation of image quality. In this research, we innovatively extend the basic structure of the turtle shell model into a three-dimensional (3D) space. Some intrinsic properties of the original turtle shell model are well preserved in the 3D version.… More >

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