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Open Access

ARTICLE

MobiIris: Attention-Enhanced Lightweight Iris Recognition with Knowledge Distillation and Quantization

Trong-Thua Huynh1,*, De-Thu Huynh2, Du-Thang Phu1, Hong-Son Nguyen1, Quoc H. Nguyen3
1 Faculty of Information Technology II, Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
2 School of Computer Science & Engineering, The Saigon International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
3 Institute of Digital Technology, Thu Dau Mot University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
* Corresponding Author: Trong-Thua Huynh. Email: email
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Deep Learning: Emerging Trends, Applications and Research Challenges for Image Recognition)

Computers, Materials & Continua https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2026.076623

Received 23 November 2025; Accepted 06 January 2026; Published online 30 January 2026

Abstract

This paper introduces MobiIris, a lightweight deep network for mobile iris recognition that enhances attention and specifically addresses the balance between accuracy and efficiency on devices with limited resources. The proposed model is based on the large version of MobileNetV3 and adds more spatial attention blocks and an embedding-based head that was trained using margin-based triplet learning, enabling fine-grained modeling of iris textures in a compact representation. To further improve discriminability, we design a training pipeline that combines dynamic-margin triplet loss, a staged hard/semi-hard negative mining strategy, and feature-level knowledge distillation from a ResNet-50 teacher. Finally, we investigate the use of post-training float16 quantization to reduce memory footprint and latency for deployment on mobile hardware. Experiments on the challenging CASIA-IrisV4-Thousand dataset show that the full-precision MobiIris model requires only 12 MB of storage and 27 ms inference latency, while achieving an EER of 1.409%, VR@FAR = 1% of 98.184%, and CMC@1 of 94.785%, closely matching a ResNet-50 baseline that is more than 7× larger and slower. Under post-training quantization, the model shrinks to 5.94 MB with 13 ms latency and maintains a competitive balance between accuracy and efficiency compared to other optimized variants. These results demonstrate that a coherent combination of lightweight architecture design, attention mechanisms, metric-learning objectives, hard negative mining, and knowledge distillation yields a practical iris recognition solution suitable for secure, real-time authentication on mobile and embedded platforms.

Keywords

Iris recognition; lightweight architecture; model optimization; attention mechanism; knowledge distillation; model quantization

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