Open Access
ARTICLE
Sang-Joon Kim1, Nammee Moon2, Min Hong3, Gooman Park1, Yoo-Joo Choi4,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 1-16, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012437
Abstract This study introduces the design details of a tool to create interactive
projection-mapping content in a convenient manner. For the proposed tool design,
a homography-based camera–projector calibration method was applied with the
use of red–green–blue-depth images from a Kinect V2 sensor that did not require
accurate camera calibration prerequisites. In addition, the proposed tool simultaneously achieved static projection mapping that projected the image content onto
a fixed object, and dynamic projection mapping that projected the image content
onto a user’s body, by tracing the moving user. To verify the effectiveness of the
proposed content-creation tool, users with no programming capabilities… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Chung Le Van1, Vikram Puri1, Nguyen Thanh Thao2, Dac-Nhuong Le3,4,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 17-33, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013125
Abstract With the rapid growth of the autonomous system, deep learning has
become integral parts to enumerate applications especially in the case of healthcare systems. Human body vertebrae are the longest and complex parts of the
human body. There are numerous kinds of conditions such as scoliosis, vertebra
degeneration, and vertebrate disc spacing that are related to the human body vertebrae or spine or backbone. Early detection of these problems is very important
otherwise patients will suffer from a disease for a lifetime. In this proposed system, we developed an autonomous system that detects lumbar implants and diagnoses scoliosis from the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Naeem Ahmad Jan1, Saad Hassan Kiani2, Daniyal Ali Sehrai2, Muhammad Rizwan Anjum3, Amjad Iqbal4, Mujeeb Abdullah5, Sunghwan Kim6,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 35-44, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012800
Abstract In this paper, a low cost, highly efficient and low profile monopole
antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications is presented. A new inverted triangular-shape structure possessing meander lines is designed to achieve a wideband response and high efficiency. To design the proposed structure, three steps
are utilized to achieve an UWB response. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna
is improved with changing meander lines parameters, miniaturization of the
ground width and optimization of the feeding line. The measured and simulated
frequency band ranges from 3.2 to 12 GHz, while the radiation patterns are measured at 4, 5.3, 6 and 8 GHz… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Umar Farooq1, Intae Ryoo2, Gon Khang1,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 45-57, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013035
Abstract Advances in the field of medical sciences and medical technology, and
present-day challenges, such as an aging population, rising medical expenses, and
lifestyle-related diseases, have collectively catalyzed a research ecosystem termed
“smart wellness.” This article describes the establishment of a smart wellness service platform designed to empower individuals to create a sense of balance in
their lives. Step-by-step details include service model, design, and architectural
considerations. As a proof of concept, implementation details of a Health
Improvement and Management Systems (HIMS) Hub, a Smart Wellness Service
Platform deployed in six cities in South Korea, are presented. An on-site survey
conducted… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sangmi Moon1, Hyeonsung Kim1, Seng-Phil Hong2, Mingoo Kang3, Intae Hwang1,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 59-70, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013132
Abstract Millimeter-wave communications are suitable for application to massive multiple-input multiple-output systems in order to satisfy the ever-growing
data traffic demands of the next-generation wireless communication. However,
their practical deployment is hindered by the high cost of complex hardware, such
as radio frequency (RF) chains. To this end, operation in the beamspace domain,
through beam selection, is a viable solution. Generally, the conventional beam
selection schemes focus on the feedback and exhaustive search techniques. In
addition, since the same beam in the beamspace may be assigned to a different
user, conventional beam selection schemes suffer serious multi-user interference.
In addition, some… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Shailendra Mishra, Sunil Kumar Sharma*, Majed A. Alowaidi
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 71-85, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012475
Abstract A data breach can seriously impact organizational intellectual property,
resources, time, and product value. The risk of system intrusion is augmented by
the intrinsic openness of commonly utilized technologies like TCP/IP protocols.
As TCP relies on IP addresses, an attacker may easily trace the IP address of
the organization. Given that many organizations run the risk of data breach and
cyber-attacks at a certain point, a repeatable and well-developed incident response
framework is critical to shield them. Enterprise cloud possesses the challenges of
security, lack of transparency, trust and loss of controls. Technology eases quickens the processing of information but… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Kang-Hyun Lee1, Gun Jin Yun1,2,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 87-112, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012688
Abstract Re-melting process has been utilized to mitigate the residual stress level
in the selective laser melting (SLM) process in recent years. However, the complex consolidation mechanism of powder and the different material behavior after
the first laser melting hinder the direct implementation of the re-melting process.
In this work, the effects of re-melting on the temperature and residual stress evolution in the SLM process are investigated using a thermo-mechanically coupled
finite element model. The degree of consolidation is incorporated in the energy
balance equation based on the thermodynamically-consistent phase-field
approach. The drastic change of material properties due to the variation… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yen Liang Tung1, Zubair Ahmad2,*, G. G. Hamedani3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 113-126, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012780
Abstract Proposing new statistical distributions which are more flexible than the
existing distributions have become a recent trend in the practice of distribution
theory. Actuaries often search for new and appropriate statistical models to
address data related to financial and risk management problems. In the present
study, an extension of the Lomax distribution is proposed via using the approach
of the weighted T-X family of distributions. The mathematical properties along
with the characterization of the new model via truncated moments are derived.
The model parameters are estimated via a prominent approach called the maximum likelihood estimation method. A brief Monte Carlo… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Liaquat Ali Lund1,2,*, Zurni Omar1, Ilyas Khan3, El-Sayed M. Sherif4,5
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 127-139, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013120
Abstract In this study, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) three-dimensional (3D)
flow of alumina (Al2O3) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles of an electrically conducting incompressible fluid in a rotating frame has been investigated. The shrinking
surface generates the flow that also has been examined. The single-phase (i.e.,
Tiwari and Das) model is implemented for the hybrid nanofluid transport phenomena. Results for alumina and copper nanomaterials in the water base fluid are
achieved. Boundary layer approximations are used to reduce governing partial
differential (PDEs) system into the system of the ordinary differential equations
(ODEs). The three-stage Lobatto IIIa method in bvp4c solver is applied for
solutions… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Dildar Hussain1, Muhammad Adnan Khan2,*, Sagheer Abbas3, Rizwan Ali Naqvi4, Muhammad Faheem Mushtaq5, Abdur Rehman3, Afrozah Nadeem2
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 141-156, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013458
Abstract The fast-paced growth of artificial intelligence provides unparalleled
opportunities to improve the efficiency of various industries, including the transportation sector. The worldwide transport departments face many obstacles following the implementation and integration of different vehicle features. One of
these tasks is to ensure that vehicles are autonomous, intelligent and able to grow
their repository of information. Machine learning has recently been implemented
in wireless networks, as a major artificial intelligence branch, to solve historically
challenging problems through a data-driven approach. In this article, we discuss
recent progress of applying machine learning into vehicle networks for intelligent
route decision and try… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Iftikhar Ahmad1,*, Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah1, Ambreen Shahnaz2, Sadeeq Jan1, Salma Noor2, Wajeeha Khalil1, Fazal Qudus Khan3, Muhammad Iftikhar Khan4
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 157-164, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012946
Abstract Classical algorithms and data structures assume that the underlying
memory is reliable, and the data remain safe during or after processing. However,
the assumption is perilous as several studies have shown that large and inexpensive memories are vulnerable to bit flips. Thus, the correctness of output of a classical algorithm can be threatened by a few memory faults. Fault tolerant data
structures and resilient algorithms are developed to tolerate a limited number of
faults and provide a correct output based on the uncorrupted part of the data. Suf-
fix tree is one of the important data structures that has widespread… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Hau Nguyen-Ngoc1,2, H. Nguyen-Xuan3, Magd Abdel-Wahab4,5,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 165-178, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012948
Abstract This study adapts the flexible characteristic of meshfree method in analyzing three-dimensional (3D) complex geometry structures, which are the interlocking concrete blocks of step seawall. The elastostatic behavior of the block is
analysed by solving the Galerkin weak form formulation over local support
domain. The 3D moving least square (MLS) approximation is applied to build
the interpolation functions of unknowns. The pre-defined number of nodes in
an integration domain ranging from 10 to 60 nodes is also investigated for their
effect on the studied results. The accuracy and efficiency of the studied method on
3D elastostatic responses are validated through… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Weifeng Ma*, Jiao Lou, Caoting Ji, Laibin Ma
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 179-193, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011969
Abstract Given the limitations of the community question answering (CQA)
answer quality prediction method in measuring the semantic information of the
answer text, this paper proposes an answer quality prediction model based on
the question-answer joint learning (ACLSTM). The attention mechanism is used
to obtain the dependency relationship between the Question-and-Answer (Q&A)
pairs. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-term Memory Network (LSTM) are used to extract semantic features of Q&A pairs and calculate
their matching degree. Besides, answer semantic representation is combined with
other effective extended features as the input representation of the fully connected
layer. Compared with other quality… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Fahd N. Al-Wesabi1,2,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 195-211, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012088
Abstract In this paper, a hybrid intelligent text zero-watermarking approach has
been proposed by integrating text zero-watermarking and hidden Markov model as
natural language processing techniques for the content authentication and tampering
detection of Arabic text contents. The proposed approach known as Second order of
Alphanumeric Mechanism of Markov model and Zero-Watermarking Approach
(SAMMZWA). Second level order of alphanumeric mechanism based on hidden
Markov model is integrated with text zero-watermarking techniques to improve
the overall performance and tampering detection accuracy of the proposed approach.
The SAMMZWA approach embeds and detects the watermark logically without
altering the original text document. The extracted… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Seo Woo Han, Doug Young Suh*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 213-228, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012223
Abstract Inpainting has been continuously studied in the field of computer
vision. As artificial intelligence technology developed, deep learning technology
was introduced in inpainting research, helping to improve performance. Currently,
the input target of an inpainting algorithm using deep learning has been studied
from a single image to a video. However, deep learning-based inpainting technology for panoramic images has not been actively studied. We propose a 360-degree
panoramic image inpainting method using generative adversarial networks
(GANs). The proposed network inputs a 360-degree equirectangular format
panoramic image converts it into a cube map format, which has relatively little
distortion and uses it… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Hammad Alotaibi1,*, Saeed Althubiti1, Mohamed R. Eid2,3, K. L. Mahny4
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 229-245, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012234
Abstract This paper introduces the effect of heat absorption (generation) and suction (injection) on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary-layer flow of Casson
nanofluid (CNF) via a non-linear stretching surface with the viscous dissipation in
two dimensions. By utilizing the similarity transformations, the leading PDEs are
transformed into a set of ODEs with adequate boundary conditions and then
resolved numerically by (4–5)th-order Runge-Kutta Fehlberg procedure based
on the shooting technique. Numerical computations are carried out by Maple
15 software. With the support of graphs, the impact of dimensionless control parameters on the nanoparticle concentration profiles, the temperature, and the flow
velocity are studied. Other… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yuanyuan Liu1,2, Shuo Zhang1, Haiye Yu3, Yueyong Wang4,*, Yuehan Feng1, Jiahui Sun1, Xiaokang Zhou1
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 247-262, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012328
Abstract Intelligent straw coverage detection plays an important role in agricultural production and the ecological environment. Traditional pattern recognition
has some problems, such as low precision and a long processing time, when segmenting complex farmland, which cannot meet the conditions of embedded
equipment deployment. Based on these problems, we proposed a novel deep
learning model with high accuracy, small model size and fast running speed
named Residual Unet with Attention mechanism using depthwise convolution
(RADw–UNet). This algorithm is based on the UNet symmetric codec model.
All the feature extraction modules of the network adopt the residual structure,
and the whole network… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Shahid Bashir1, Mohammed H. Alsharif2, Imran Khan3, Mahmoud A. Albreem4, Aduwati Sali5, Borhanuddin Mohd Ali5, Wonjong Noh6,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 263-274, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012404
Abstract With the development of wireless mobile communication technology,
the demand for wireless communication rate and frequency increases year by
year. Existing wireless mobile communication frequency tends to be saturated,
which demands for new solutions. Terahertz (THz) communication has great
potential for the future mobile communications (Beyond 5G), and is also an
important technique for the high data rate transmission in spatial information network. THz communication has great application prospects in military-civilian
integration and coordinated development. In China, important breakthroughs have
been achieved for the key techniques of THz high data rate communications, which
is practically keeping up with the most… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yuming Chu1, Naila Rafiq2, Mudassir Shams3,*, Saima Akram4, Nazir Ahmad Mir3, Humaira Kalsoom5
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 275-290, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011907
Abstract In this article, we construct the most powerful family of simultaneous
iterative method with global convergence behavior among all the existing methods in literature for finding all roots of non-linear equations. Convergence analysis proved that the order of convergence of the family of derivative free
simultaneous iterative method is nine. Our main aim is to check out the most
regularly used simultaneous iterative methods for finding all roots of non-linear
equations by studying their dynamical planes, numerical experiments and CPU
time-methodology. Dynamical planes of iterative methods are drawn by using
MATLAB for the comparison of global convergence properties of simultaneous… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Salman Ahmed*, Muhammad Ali Khan
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 291-301, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012066
Abstract One of the greatest factors that affects the economic condition of a
country is its institutions. In the model of good governance, the primary elements
for stronger institution include efficiency, transparency, and accountability; and
technology plays a major role in improving these elements. However, there are
myriad of challenges when it comes to practical integration of technology in these
institutions for efficiency. It is more challenging when a country is developing and
one that is already weak economically. It is also important to mention that the
challenges of digitization in public sector is not limited to developing countries
only. It… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Pokpong Amornvit, Dinesh Rokaya, Chaimongkon Peampring, Sasiwimol Sanohkan*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 303-314, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011943
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Digital Technology and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Dentistry)
Abstract Several capture techniques are used in intraoral optical scanners in the
dental market, such as Triangulation (Cerec Omnicam, Dentsply Sirona), Activewave front sampling (3M ESPE) and confocal technology (iTero, Align). The
accuracy of intraoral scanners is the most significant focal point for developers
to research. This in-vitro study studied the accuracy of confocal scanners launched
from 2015-2020 (Trios 3, Trios 4, iTero Element; 3Shape Trios A/S, Copenhagen,
Denmark, and iTero Element2, and iTero Element5D; Align Technologies, San
Jose, CA, USA). A 3D printing model modified from the American National
Standard No. 132 was scanned five times each scanner. Both Trios3… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Abdu Gumaei1,2,*, Mabrook Al-Rakhami1, Mohamad Mahmoud Al Rahhal3, Fahad Raddah H. Albogamy3, Eslam Al Maghayreh3, Hussain AlSalman1
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 315-329, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012045
Abstract The fast spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARSCoV-2 has become a pandemic and a serious threat to the world. As of May 30,
2020, this disease had infected more than 6 million people globally, with hundreds
of thousands of deaths. Therefore, there is an urgent need to predict confirmed cases
so as to analyze the impact of COVID-19 and practice readiness in healthcare systems.
This study uses gradient boosting regression (GBR) to build a trained model to predict
the daily total confirmed cases of COVID-19. The GBR method can minimize the loss
function of the training process and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Muhammad Adnan Khan1,*, Wajhe Ul Husnain Abidi1,2, Mohammed A. Al Ghamdi3, Sultan H. Almotiri3, Shazia Saqib1, Tahir Alyas1, Khalid Masood Khan1, Nasir Mahmood4
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 331-340, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012148
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Artificial Intelligence and IoT based intelligent systems using high performance computing for Medical applications.)
Abstract Forecasting future outbreaks can help in minimizing their spread. Influenza is a disease primarily found in animals but transferred to humans through
pigs. In 1918, influenza became a pandemic and spread rapidly all over the world
becoming the cause behind killing one-third of the human population and killing
one-fourth of the pig population. Afterwards, that influenza became a pandemic
several times on a local and global levels. In 2009, influenza ‘A’ subtype
H1N1 again took many human lives. The disease spread like in a pandemic
quickly. This paper proposes a forecasting modeling system for the influenza pandemic using a feed-forward… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Zhimin Zhang, Tianhe Kang*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 341-357, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012104
Abstract In view of the three-dimensional dynamic abutment pressure, the influence of the far-field hard stratum (FHS) in deep, thick coal seams is indeterminant. Based on elastic foundation theory, a three-dimensional dynamic
prediction model of the abutment pressure was established. Using this model,
the dynamic change in the coal seam abutment pressure caused by the movement
of the FHS was studied, and a method for determining the dynamic change
range of the abutment pressure was developed. The results of the new prediction
model of the abutment pressure are slightly higher than the measured values,
with an error of 0.51%, which avoids… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Abdul Waheed1,2,*, Naila Habib Khan3, Mahdi Zareei4, Shahab Ul Islam5, Latif Jan5,6, Arif Iqbal Umar1, Ehab Mahmoud Mohamed7,8
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 359-372, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012196
Abstract Congestion control is one of the main obstacles in cyberspace traffic.
Overcrowding in internet traffic may cause several problems; such as high packet
hold-up, high packet dropping, and low packet output. In the course of data transmission for various applications in the Internet of things, such problems are usually
generated relative to the input. To tackle such problems, this paper presents an analytical model using an optimized Random Early Detection (RED) algorithm-based
approach for internet traffic management. The validity of the proposed model is
checked through extensive simulation-based experiments. An analysis is observed
for different functions on internet traffic. Four… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Anju Asokan1, J. Anitha1, Bogdan Patrut2, Dana Danciulescu3, D. Jude Hemanth1,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 373-388, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012364
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Deep Learning Trends in Intelligent Systems)
Abstract Multispectral images contain a large amount of spatial and spectral data
which are effective in identifying change areas. Deep feature extraction is important for multispectral image classification and is evolving as an interesting
research area in change detection. However, many deep learning framework based
approaches do not consider both spatial and textural details into account. In order
to handle this issue, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based multi-feature
extraction and fusion is introduced which considers both spatial and textural features. This method uses CNN to extract the spatio-spectral features from individual channels and fuse them with the textural features. Then… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jianjun Zhang1,*, Yifu Sheng1, Weida Chen2, Haijun Lin1, Guang Sun3, Peng Guo4
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 389-405, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012384
Abstract Water is one of the basic resources for human survival. Water pollution
monitoring and protection have been becoming a major problem for many countries all over the world. Most traditional water quality monitoring systems, however, generally focus only on water quality data collection, ignoring data analysis
and data mining. In addition, some dirty data and data loss may occur due to
power failures or transmission failures, further affecting data analysis and its
application. In order to meet these needs, by using Internet of things, cloud computing, and big data technologies, we designed and implemented a water quality
monitoring data intelligent… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Tao Li1, Yongjin Hu1,*, Ankang Ju1, Zhuoran Hu2
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 407-420, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012023
Abstract Owing to the continuous barrage of cyber threats, there is a massive
amount of cyber threat intelligence. However, a great deal of cyber threat intelligence come from textual sources. For analysis of cyber threat intelligence, many
security analysts rely on cumbersome and time-consuming manual efforts. Cybersecurity knowledge graph plays a significant role in automatics analysis of cyber
threat intelligence. As the foundation for constructing cybersecurity knowledge
graph, named entity recognition (NER) is required for identifying critical
threat-related elements from textual cyber threat intelligence. Recently, deep neural network-based models have attained very good results in NER. However, the
performance of these… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Ahlam Aljabali1, Abdul Rahman Mohd Kasim1,*, Nur Syamilah Arifin2, Sharena Mohamad Isa3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 421-435, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012322
Abstract The viscosity of a substance or material is intensely influenced by the
temperature, especially in the field of lubricant engineering where the changeable
temperature is well executed. In this paper, the problem of temperature-dependent
viscosity on mixed convection flow of Eyring Powell fluid was studied together
with Newtonian heating thermal boundary condition. The flow was assumed to
move over a vertical stretching sheet. The model of the problem, which is in partial differential equations, was first transformed to ordinary differential equations
using appropriate transformations. This approach was considered to reduce the
complexity of the equations. Then, the transformed equations were… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Changli Lu1, Ming Zhao1,2, Imran Khan3, Peerapong Uthansakul4,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 437-455, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012557
Abstract Cap-and-trade regulation provides incentives for manufacturers to
reduce carbon emissions, but manufacturers’ insufficient capital can disrupt the
implementation of low-carbon emission reduction technologies. To alleviate capital constraints, manufacturers can adopt external financing for low-carbon emission reduction investments. This paper studies the independent financing and
financing cooperation behavior in a supply chain in which the manufacturer
and retailer first implement low-carbon emission reduction technologies and then
organize production and sales in accordance with wholesale price contracts.
Through comparing the optimal profits and low-carbon emission reduction levels
under the independent financing and financing cooperation mode, we come to the
following conclusions: (1)… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Zongshuai Liu1, Xuyu Xiang1,2,*, Jiaohua Qin1, Yun Tan1, Qin Zhang1, Neal N. Xiong3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 457-466, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012165
Abstract In recent years, with the development of machine learning and deep
learning, it is possible to identify and even control crop diseases by using electronic devices instead of manual observation. In this paper, an image recognition
method of citrus diseases based on deep learning is proposed. We built a citrus
image dataset including six common citrus diseases. The deep learning network
is used to train and learn these images, which can effectively identify and classify
crop diseases. In the experiment, we use MobileNetV2 model as the primary network and compare it with other network models in the aspect of speed,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Muhammad Adnan Khan1,*, Abdur Rehman2, Khalid Masood Khan1, Mohammed A. Al Ghamdi3, Sultan H. Almotiri3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 467-480, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013121
Abstract Networks provide a significant function in everyday life, and cybersecurity therefore developed a critical field of study. The Intrusion detection system
(IDS) becoming an essential information protection strategy that tracks the situation of the software and hardware operating on the network. Notwithstanding
advancements of growth, current intrusion detection systems also experience dif-
ficulties in enhancing detection precision, growing false alarm levels and identifying suspicious activities. In order to address above mentioned issues, several
researchers concentrated on designing intrusion detection systems that rely on
machine learning approaches. Machine learning models will accurately identify
the underlying variations among regular information and irregular… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sajjad Haider*, Muhammad Tanvir Afzal
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 481-498, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012057
Abstract Social networking platforms provide a vital source for disseminating
information across the globe, particularly in case of disaster. These platforms
are great mean to find out the real account of the disaster. Twitter is an example
of such platform, which has been extensively utilized by scientific community due
to its unidirectional model. It is considered a challenging task to identify eyewitness tweets about the incident from the millions of tweets shared by twitter users.
Research community has proposed diverse sets of techniques to identify eyewitness account. A recent state-of-the-art approach has proposed a comprehensive set
of features to identify eyewitness… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Lejun Zhang1,2,*, Minghui Peng1, Weizheng Wang3
, Yansen Su4, Shuna Cui5,6, Seokhoon Kim7
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 499-515, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012205
Abstract In the digital era, electronic medical record (EMR) has been a major
way for hospitals to store patients’ medical data. The traditional centralized medical system and semi-trusted cloud storage are difficult to achieve dynamic balance between privacy protection and data sharing. The storage capacity of
blockchain is limited and single blockchain schemes have poor scalability and
low throughput. To address these issues, we propose a secure and efficient medical data storage and sharing scheme based on double blockchain. In our scheme,
we encrypt the original EMR and store it in the cloud. The storage blockchain
stores the index of the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yunping Zhao, Jianzhuang Lu*, Xiaowen Chen
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 517-535, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012380
Abstract Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are widely used in many
fields. Due to their high throughput and high level of computing characteristics,
however, an increasing number of researchers are focusing on how to improve
the computational efficiency, hardware utilization, or flexibility of CNN hardware
accelerators. Accordingly, this paper proposes a dynamically reconfigurable accelerator architecture that implements a Sparse-Winograd F(2 2.3 3)-based
high-parallelism hardware architecture. This approach not only eliminates the
pre-calculation complexity associated with the Winograd algorithm, thereby reducing the difficulty of hardware implementation, but also greatly improves the flexibility of the hardware; as a result, the accelerator can realize the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Muhammad Arif1, Dost Muhammad Khan1, Saima Khan Khosa2, Muhammad Aamir1, Adnan Aslam3, Zubair Ahmad4, Wei Gao5,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 537-550, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012420
Abstract The actuaries always look for heavy-tailed distributions to model data
relevant to business and actuarial risk issues. In this article, we introduce a new
class of heavy-tailed distributions useful for modeling data in financial sciences.
A specific sub-model form of our suggested family, named as a new extended
heavy-tailed Weibull distribution is examined in detail. Some basic characterizations, including quantile function and raw moments have been derived. The estimates of the unknown parameters of the new model are obtained via the
maximum likelihood estimation method. To judge the performance of the maximum likelihood estimators, a simulation analysis is performed in… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Gia Nhu Nguyen1,2, Nin Ho Le Viet1,2, Gyanendra Prasad Joshi3, Bhanu Shrestha4,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 551-562, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012441
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Intelligent Decision Support Systems for Complex Healthcare Applications)
Abstract Fog computing in the Internet of Health Things (IoHT) is promising
owing to the increasing need for energy- and latency-optimized health sector provisioning. Additionally, clinical data (particularly, medical image data) are a delicate, highly protected resource that should be utilized in an effective and
responsible manner to fulfil consumer needs. Herein, we propose an energy-effi-
cient fog-based IoHT with a tunicate swarm-optimization-(TSO)-based lightweight Simon cipher to enhance the energy efficiency at the fog layer and the
security of data stored at the cloud server. The proposed Simon cipher uses the
TSO algorithm to select the optimal keys that will minimize… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yan Zhang1,2, Jin Han1,2,*, Chengsheng Yuan1,2, Shuo Yang3, Chuanlong Li1,2, Xingming Sun1,2
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 563-574, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012502
Abstract Over the past 10 years, lightning disaster has caused a large number of
casualties and considerable economic loss worldwide. Lightning poses a huge
threat to various industries. In an attempt to reduce the risk of lightning-caused
disaster, many scholars have carried out in-depth research on lightning. However,
these studies focus primarily on the lightning itself and other meteorological elements are ignored. In addition, the methods for assessing the risk of lightning disaster fail to give detailed attention to regional features (lightning disaster risk).
This paper proposes a grid-based risk assessment method based on data from multiple sources. First, this paper… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
F. Mabood1, T. A. Yusuf2, A. M. Rashad3, W. A. Khan4,*, Hossam A. Nabwey5,6
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 575-587, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012505
Abstract The current investigation aims to explore the combined effects of heat
and mass transfer on free convection of Sodium alginate-Fe3O4 based Brinkmann
type nanofluid flow over a vertical rotating frame. The Tiwari and Das nanofluid
model is employed to examine the effects of dimensionless numbers, including
Grashof, Eckert, and Schmidt numbers and governing parameters like solid
volume fraction of nanoparticles, Hall current, magnetic field, viscous dissipation,
and the chemical reaction on the physical quantities. The dimensionless nonlinear
partial differential equations are solved using a finite difference method known as
Runge-Kutta Fehlberg (RKF-45) method. The variation of dimensionless velocity,
temperature, concentration,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sadaf Qazi1, Muhammad Usman1, Azhar Mahmood1, Aaqif Afzaal Abbasi2, Muhammad Attique3, Yunyoung Nam4,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 589-602, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012507
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Artificial Intelligence and IoT based intelligent systems using high performance computing for Medical applications.)
Abstract Immunization is a noteworthy and proven tool for eliminating lifethreating infectious diseases, child mortality and morbidity. Expanded Program
on Immunization (EPI) is a nation-wide program in Pakistan to implement immunization activities, however the coverage is quite low despite the accessibility of
free vaccination. This study proposes a defaulter prediction model for accurate
identification of defaulters. Our proposed framework classifies defaulters at five
different stages: defaulter, partially high, partially medium, partially low, and
unvaccinated to reinforce targeted interventions by accurately predicting children
at high risk of defaulting from the immunization schedule. Different machine
learning algorithms are applied on Pakistan Demographic and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Le Sun1,*, Qiandi Yu1, Dandan Peng1, Sudha Subramani2, Xuyang Wang1
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 603-619, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012515
Abstract Recently, an increasing number of works start investigating the combination of fog computing and electronic health (ehealth) applications. However,
there are still numerous unresolved issues worth to be explored. For instance,
there is a lack of investigation on the disease prediction in fog environment
and only limited studies show, how the Quality of Service (QoS) levels of fog services and the data stream mining techniques influence each other to improve the
disease prediction performance (e.g., accuracy and time efficiency). To address
these issues, we propose a fog-based framework for disease prediction based
on Medical sensor data streams, named FogMed. This… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Zhoubao Sun1,*, Xiaodong Zhang1, Haoyuan Li1, Yan Xiao2, Haifeng Guo3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 621-630, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012593
Abstract Recommender system is an effective tool to solve the problems of
information overload. The traditional recommender systems, especially the collaborative filtering ones, only consider the two factors of users and items. While
social networks contain abundant social information, such as tags, places and
times. Researches show that the social information has a great impact on recommendation results. Tags not only describe the characteristics of items, but also
reflect the interests and characteristics of users. Since the traditional recommender
systems cannot parse multi-dimensional information, in this paper, a tensor
decomposition model based on tag regularization is proposed which incorporates
social information… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sadeeq Jan1,*, Omer Bin Tauqeer1, Fazal Qudus Khan2, George Tsaramirsis2, Awais Ahmad3, Iftikhar Ahmad4, Imran Maqsood5, Niamat Ullah6
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 631-645, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012831
Abstract Over the last decade, a significant increase has been observed in the use
of web-based Information systems that process sensitive information, e.g., personal, financial, medical. With this increased use, the security of such systems
became a crucial aspect to ensure safety, integrity and authenticity of the data.
To achieve the objectives of data safety, security testing is performed. However,
with growth and diversity of information systems, it is challenging to apply security testing for each and every system. Therefore, it is important to classify the
assets based on their required level of security using an appropriate technique.
In this paper,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Shangjun Luo1, Junwei Luo1, Wei Lu1,*, Yanmei Fang1, Jinhua Zeng2, Shaopei Shi2, Yue Zhang3,4
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 647-657, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012869
Abstract The estimation of image resampling factors is an important problem in
image forensics. Among all the resampling factor estimation methods, spectrumbased methods are one of the most widely used methods and have attracted a lot
of research interest. However, because of inherent ambiguity, spectrum-based
methods fail to discriminate upscale and downscale operations without any prior
information. In general, the application of resampling leaves detectable traces in
both spatial domain and frequency domain of a resampled image. Firstly, the
resampling process will introduce correlations between neighboring pixels. In this
case, a set of periodic pixels that are correlated to their neighbors… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Qingming Deng1,2, Xiaochun Yin1, Magd Abdel Wahab3,4,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 659-673, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012878
Abstract This paper analyses the effect of surface treatment on fretting fatigue
specimen by numerical simulations using Finite Element Analysis. The processed
specimen refers to artificially adding a cylindrical pit to its contact surface. Then,
the contact radius between the pad and the specimen is controlled by adjusting the
radius of the pit. The stress distribution and slip amplitude of the contact surface
under different contact geometries are compared. The critical plane approach is
used to predict the crack initiation life and to evaluate the effect of processed specimen on its fretting fatigue performance. Both crack initiation life and angle can… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Ahlam Aljabali1, Abdul Rahman Mohd Kasim1,*, Nur Syamilah Arifin2, Sharena Mohamad Isa3, Noor Amalina Nisa Ariffin1
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 675-689, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012334
Abstract Non-Newtonian is a type of fluid that does not comply with the viscosity under the Law of Newton and is being widely used in industrial applications.
These include those related to chemical industries, cosmetics manufacturing,
pharmaceutical field, food processing, as well as oil and gas activities. The inability of the conventional equations of Navier–Stokes to accurately depict rheological behavior for certain fluids led to an emergence study for non-Newtonian
fluids’ models. In line with this, a mathematical model of forced convective flow
on non-Newtonian Eyring Powell fluid under temperature-dependent viscosity
(TDV) circumstance is formulated. The fluid model is embedded with… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Muhammad Adnan Khan1,*, Mubashar Habib1, Shazia Saqib1, Tahir Alyas1, Khalid Masood Khan1, Mohammed A. Al Ghamdi2, Sultan H. Almotiri2
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 691-706, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012542
Abstract The innovation and development in data science have an impact in all
trades of life. The commercialization of sport has encouraged players, coaches,
and other concerns to use technology to be in better position than r their opponents. In the past, the focus was on improved training techniques for better physical performance. These days, sports analytics identify the patterns in the
performance and highlight strengths and weaknesses of potential players. Sports
analytics not only predict the performance of players in the near future but it also
performs predictive modeling for a particular behavior of a player in the past. The… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Kashaf Junaid1,*, Sumera Qasim2, Humaira Yasmeen3, Hasan Ejaz1, Abdullah Alsrhani1, Muhammad Ikram Ullah1, Fahad Ahmad4, Abdul Rehman5
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 707-714, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012976
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mathematical aspects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Analysis and Control)
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a current pandemic that has
affected more than 195 countries worldwide. In this severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, when treatment strategies are not
yet clear and vaccines are not available, vitamins are an excellent choice to protect
against this viral infection. The rationale behind this study was to examine the
inhibitory effect of vitamins B, C, and D against the main protease of SARSCoV-2 and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which have critical rolesin
the immune system. Molecular docking, performed by using MOE-Dock of the
Chemical Computing Group, was used to understand the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Rizwan Ali Naqvi1, Dildar Hussain2, Woong-Kee Loh3,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 715-732, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013249
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Intelligent Decision Support Systems for Complex Healthcare Applications)
Abstract Multiple ocular region segmentation plays an important role in different
applications such as biometrics, liveness detection, healthcare, and gaze estimation. Typically, segmentation techniques focus on a single region of the eye at
a time. Despite the number of obvious advantages, very limited research has
focused on multiple regions of the eye. Similarly, accurate segmentation of multiple eye regions is necessary in challenging scenarios involving blur, ghost effects
low resolution, off-angles, and unusual glints. Currently, the available segmentation methods cannot address these constraints. In this paper, to address the accurate segmentation of multiple eye regions in unconstrainted scenarios, a
lightweight outer… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sabeen Tahir*, Sheikh Tahir Bakhsh, Rayed AlGhamdi
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 733-749, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013261
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Intelligent Decision Support Systems for Complex Healthcare Applications)
Abstract Medical Internet of Things (MIoTs) is a collection of small and energyefficient wireless sensor devices that monitor the patient’s body. The healthcare
networks transmit continuous data monitoring for the patients to survive them
independently. There are many improvements in MIoTs, but still, there are critical
issues that might affect the Quality of Service (QoS) of a network. Congestion
handling is one of the critical factors that directly affect the QoS of the network.
The congestion in MIoT can cause more energy consumption, delay, and important data loss. If a patient has an emergency, then the life-critical signals must
transmit with… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sangsoon Lim1, Sanghyun Seo2,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 751-765, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013430
Abstract Cross-technology interference (CTI) from diverse wireless networks
such as ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi has become a severe problem in the
2.4 GHz Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) band. Especially, low power
and lossy networks are vulnerable to the signal interferences from other aggressive wireless networks when they perform low power operations to conserve
the energy consumption. This paper presents CoSense, which accurately detects
ZigBee signals with a reliable signal correlation scheme in the presence of the
CTI. The key concept of CoSense is to reduce false wake-ups of low power listening (LPL) by identifying the pre-defined ZigBee signatures. Our scheme… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Adel Assiri*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 767-778, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013813
Abstract Anomaly classification based on network traffic features is an important
task to monitor and detect network intrusion attacks. Network-based intrusion
detection systems (NIDSs) using machine learning (ML) methods are effective
tools for protecting network infrastructures and services from unpredictable and
unseen attacks. Among several ML methods, random forest (RF) is a robust method
that can be used in ML-based network intrusion detection solutions. However, the
minimum number of instances for each split and the number of trees in the forest
are two key parameters of RF that can affect classification accuracy. Therefore, optimal parameter selection is a real problem in… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Tao Li1, Qi Qian2, Yongjun Ren3,*, Yongzhen Ren4, Jinyue Xia5
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 779-791, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.010424
Abstract The application field of the Internet of Things (IoT) involves all
aspects, and its application in the fields of industry, agriculture, environment,
transportation, logistics, security and other infrastructure has effectively promoted
the intelligent development of these aspects. Although the IoT has gradually
grown in recent years, there are still many problems that need to be overcome
in terms of technology, management, cost, policy, and security. We need to constantly weigh the benefits of trusting IoT products and the risk of leaking private
data. To avoid the leakage and loss of various user data, this paper developed a
hybrid algorithm of… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jing Hu1, Gang Hu2,*, Jiantao Cai3, Lipeng Xu2, Qirun Wang4
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 793-803, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011110
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Artificial Intelligence and Information Technologies for COVID-19)
Abstract During the current epidemic, it is necessary to ensure the rehabilitation
treatment of children with serious illness. At the same time, however, it is essential to effectively prevent cross-infection and prevent infections from occurring
within the hospital setting. To resolve this contradiction, the rehabilitation department of Nanjing Children’s Hospital adjusted its bed allocation based on the
queuing model, with reference to the regional source and classification of the children’s conditions in the rehabilitation department ward. The original triple rooms
were transformed into a double room to enable the treatment of severely sick children coming from other places. A M/G/2 queuing… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Sunil Kumar Sharma1, Shivam Bhardwaj2,*, Rashmi Bhardwaj3, Majed Alowaidi1
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 805-825, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011937
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Artificial Intelligence and Information Technologies for COVID-19)
Abstract This article discusses short–term forecasting of the novel Corona Virus
(COVID-19) data for infected and recovered cases using the ARIMA method for
Saudi Arabia. The COVID-19 data was obtained from the Worldometer and MOH
(Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia). The data was analyzed for the period from
March 2, 2020 (the first case reported) to June 15, 2020. Using ARIMA (2, 1,
0), we obtained the short forecast up to July 02, 2020. Several statistical parameters were tested for the goodness of fit to evaluate the forecasting methods.
The results show that ARIMA (2, 1, 0) gave a better forecast… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
V. Sudha1,*, T. R. Ganeshbabu2
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 827-842, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012008
Abstract Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a type of disease in eyes as a result of a
diabetic condition that ends up damaging the retina, leading to blindness or loss of
vision. Morphological and physiological retinal variations involving slowdown of
blood flow in the retina, elevation of leukocyte cohesion, basement membrane
dystrophy, and decline of pericyte cells, develop. As DR in its initial stage has
no symptoms, early detection and automated diagnosis can prevent further visual
damage. In this research, using a Deep Neural Network (DNN), segmentation
methods are proposed to detect the retinal defects such as exudates, hemorrhages,
microaneurysms from digital… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Ali Yousef1,*, Fatma Bozkurt1,2, Thabet Abdeljawad3,4,5
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 843-869, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012060
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Mathematical aspects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Analysis and Control)
Abstract In this study, we classify the genera of COVID-19 and provide brief
information about the root of the spread and the transmission from animal (natural
host) to humans. We establish a model of fractional-order differential equations to
discuss the spread of the infection from the natural host to the intermediate one,
and from the intermediate one to the human host. At the same time, we focus on
the potential spillover of bat-borne coronaviruses. We consider the local stability
of the co-existing critical point of the model by using the Routh–Hurwitz Criteria.
Moreover, we analyze the existence and uniqueness of the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Tao Feng1,*, Hongmei Pei1, Rong Ma1, Youliang Tian2, Xiaoqin Feng3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 871-890, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012146
Abstract Data privacy is important to the security of our society, and enabling
authorized users to query this data efficiently is facing more challenge. Recently,
blockchain has gained extensive attention with its prominent characteristics as
public, distributed, decentration and chronological characteristics. However, the
transaction information on the blockchain is open to all nodes, the transaction
information update operation is even more transparent. And the leakage of transaction information will cause huge losses to the transaction party. In response to
these problems, this paper combines hierarchical attribute encryption with linear
secret sharing, and proposes a blockchain data privacy protection control scheme
based… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Purushottam Sharma1, Mohammed Alshehri2,*, Richa Sharma1, Osama Alfarraj3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 885-901, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012251
Abstract Low back pain (LBP) is a morbid condition that has afflicted several
citizens in Europe. It has negatively impacted the European economy due to several man-days lost, with bed rest and forced inactivity being the usual LBP care
and management steps. Direct models, which incorporate various regression analyses, have been executed for the investigation of this premise due to the simplicity of translation. However, such straight models fail to completely consider the
impact of association brought about by a mix of nonlinear connections and autonomous factors.In this paper, we discuss a system that aids decision-making
regarding the best-suited support system… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Ganeshan Keerthana1,*, Panneerselvam Anandan2, Nandhagopal Nachimuthu3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 903-917, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012255
Abstract Due to the recent proliferation of cyber-attacks, highly robust wireless
sensor networks (WSN) become a critical issue as they survive node failures.
Scale-free WSN is essential because they endure random attacks effectively.
But they are susceptible to malicious attacks, which mainly targets particular significant nodes. Therefore, the robustness of the network becomes important for
ensuring the network security. This paper presents a Robust Hybrid Artificial Fish
Swarm Simulated Annealing Optimization (RHAFS-SA) Algorithm. It is introduced for improving the robust nature of free scale networks over malicious
attacks (MA) with no change in degree distribution. The proposed RHAFS-SA
is an enhanced… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yanping Wang1,2, Zhengqiang Feng1, Almaspoor Zahra3,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 919-929, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012261
Abstract In recent years, there has been an increased interest among the researchers to propose new families of distributions to provide the best fit to lifetime data
with monotonic (increasing, decreasing, constant) and non-monotonic (unimodal,
modified unimodal, bathtub) hazard functions. We further carry this area of
research and propose a new family of lifetime distributions called a new logarithmic family via the T-X family approach. For the proposed family, explicit expressions for some mathematical properties along with the estimation of parameters
through Maximum likelihood method are discussed. A sub-model, called a new
logarithmic Weibull distribution is taken up. The proposed model… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Cuixiang Wang1, Xing Shao1,2,3,*, Yifan Meng4, Jun Gao1
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 931-945, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012267
Abstract In RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) system, when multiple tags
are in the operating range of one reader and send their information to the reader
simultaneously, the signals of these tags are superimposed in the air, which results
in a collision and leads to the degrading of tags identifying efficiency. To improve
the multiple tags’ identifying efficiency due to collision, a physical layer network
coding based binary search tree algorithm (PNBA) is proposed in this paper.
PNBA pushes the conflicting signal information of multiple tags into a stack,
which is discarded by the traditional anti-collision algorithm. In addition, physical
layer network… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Basharat Ullah1, Umar Khan1, Hafiz Abdul Wahab1, Ilyas Khan2,*, Dumitru Baleanu3,4,5, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar6
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 947-960, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012430
Abstract The investigation of Thermal performance in nanofluids and hybrid
nanofluids over a curved stretching infinite region strengthens its roots in engineering and industry. Therefore, the comparative thermal analysis in SiO2–H2O
and (MoS2–SiO2)–H2O is conducted over curved stretching surface. The model
is reduced in the dimensional version via similarity transformation and then treated numerically. The velocity and thermal behavior for both the fluids is decorated
against the preeminent parameters. From the analysis, it is examined that the
motion of under consideration fluids declines against Fr and λ. The thermal performance enhances for higher volumetric fraction and λ. Further, it is noticed… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Talit Jumphoo1, Monthippa Uthansakul1, Pumin Duangmanee1, Naeem Khan2, Peerapong Uthansakul1,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 961-976, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012433
Abstract The patients with brain diseases (e.g., Stroke and Amyotrophic Lateral
Sclerosis (ALS)) are often affected by the injury of motor cortex, which causes a
muscular weakness. For this reason, they require rehabilitation with continuous
physiotherapy as these diseases can be eased within the initial stages of the symptoms. So far, the popular control system for robot-assisted rehabilitation devices is
only of two types which consist of passive and active devices. However, if there is
a control system that can directly detect the motor functions, it will induce neuroplasticity to facilitate early motor recovery. In this paper, the control system,
which… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
H. M. Rehan Afzal1,2,*, Suhuai Luo1, Saadallah Ramadan1,2, Jeannette Lechner-Scott1,2,3, Mohammad Ruhul Amin3, Jiaming Li4, M. Kamran Afzal5
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 977-991, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012448
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Deep Learning Trends in Intelligent Systems)
Abstract The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is based on accurate detection
of lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which also provides ongoing
essential information about the progression and status of the disease. Manual
detection of lesions is very time consuming and lacks accuracy. Most of the
lesions are difficult to detect manually, especially within the grey matter. This
paper proposes a novel and fully automated convolution neural network (CNN)
approach to segment lesions. The proposed system consists of two 2D patchwise
CNNs which can segment lesions more accurately and robustly. The first CNN
network is implemented to segment lesions accurately,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Dac-Nhuong Le1,2,3,*, Gia Nhu Nguyen2,4, Harish Garg5, Quyet-Thang Huynh6, Trinh Ngoc Bao7, Nguyen Ngoc Tuan8
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 993-1010, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012464
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Emerging Computational Intelligence Technologies for Software Engineering: Paradigms, Principles and Applications)
Abstract This paper presents a Game-theoretic optimization via Parallel MinMax Ant System (PMMAS) algorithm is used in practice to determine the Nash
equilibrium value to resolve the confusion in choosing appropriate bidders of
multi-round procurement problem in software project management. To this end,
we introduce an approach that proposes: (i) A Game-theoretic model of multiround procurement problem (ii) A Nash equilibrium strategy corresponds to multi-round strategy bid (iii) An application of PSO for the determination of global
Nash equilibrium. The balance point in Nash Equilibrium can help to maintain
a sustainable structure not only in terms of project management but also… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Z. Z. Rashed1, Sameh E. Ahmed2,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 1012-1026, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012468
Abstract In this paper, numerical investigations for peristaltic motion of dusty
nanofluids in a curved channel are performed. Two systems of partial differential
equations are presented for the nanofluid and dusty phases and then the approximations of the long wave length and low Reynolds number are applied. The physical domain is transformed to a rectangular computational model using suitable
grid transformations. The resulting systems are solved numerically using shooting
method and mathematical forms for the pressure distributions are introduced. The
controlling parameters in this study are the thermal buoyancy parameter Gr, the
concentration buoyancy parameter Gc, the amplitude ratio ϵ, the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Wuqian Lv1, Zhifang Liao1,*, Shengzong Liu2, Yan Zhang3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 1027-1042, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012478
Abstract Entity recognition and extraction are the foundations of knowledge
graph construction. Entity data in the field of software engineering come from different platforms and communities, and have different formats. This paper divides
multi-source software knowledge entities into unstructured data, semi-structured
data and code data. For these different types of data, Bi-directional Long ShortTerm Memory (Bi-LSTM) with Conditional Random Field (CRF), template
matching, and abstract syntax tree are used and integrated into a multi-source software knowledge entity extraction integration model (MEIM) to extract software
entities. The model can be updated continuously based on user’s feedbacks to
improve the accuracy. To deal… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Zhibin Zhang1,2,*, Ping Li1,3, Shuailing Zhao1,2, Zhimin Lv1,2, Fang Du1,2, Yajian An1,2
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 1043-1056, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012517
Abstract As the agricultural internet of things (IoT) technology has evolved,
smart agricultural robots needs to have both flexibility and adaptability when
moving in complex field environments. In this paper, we propose the concept
of a vision-based navigation system for the agricultural IoT and a binocular vision
navigation algorithm for smart agricultural robots, which can fuse the edge contour and the height information of rows of crop in images to extract the navigation
parameters. First, the speeded-up robust feature (SURF) extracting and matching
algorithm is used to obtain featuring point pairs from the green crop row images
observed by the binocular… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Mengcheng Sun1,2, Weiya Xu1,2,*, Huanling Wang1,3, Qingxiang Meng1,2, Long Yan1,2, Wei-Chau Xie4
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 1057-1074, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012537
Abstract The narrowing deformation of reservoir valley during the initial operation period threatens the long-term safety of the dam, and an accurate prediction
of valley deformation (VD) remains a challenging part of risk mitigation. In order
to enhance the accuracy of VD prediction, a novel hybrid model combining
Ensemble empirical mode decomposition based interval threshold denoising
(EEMD-ITD), Differential evolutions—Shuffled frog leaping algorithm
(DE-SFLA) and Least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is proposed.
The non-stationary VD series is firstly decomposed into several stationary subseries by EEMD; then, ITD is applied for redundant information denoising on
special sub-series, and the denoised deformation is… More >
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