Optimized Sustainable Hybridization Through Holistic Multi-Platform Simulation: Enhancing Dynamic Response in Solar-Wind-Battery Energy Systems
Riad Mollik Babu1, Md. Shafiul Alam2,*, Md. Hasibur Rahman3, Mohammad Ali2, Md. Alamgir Hossain4, Md. Arifuzzaman5
1 Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
2 Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Gopalganj Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
4 School of Science, Engineering and Digital Technologies, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
5 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
* Corresponding Author: Md Shafiul Alam. Email: shafiul@kfu.edu.sa
Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2026.082366
Received 14 March 2026; Accepted 12 May 2026; Published online 26 May 2026
Abstract
The increasing penetration of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems into power grids poses challenges due to their inherent intermittency and variability, which can compromise grid stability and reliability. Hybridizing solar PV with wind energy and a battery energy storage system (BESS) offers a promising solution by leveraging resource complementarity and providing fast frequency response. This study presents a techno-economic and environmental assessment of a hybrid renewable energy system. Wind turbines and a BESS are integrated with the existing 7.5 MW Sirajganj Solar PV Power Plant in Bangladesh. The proposed hybrid configuration is evaluated using real-world operational data and site-specific environmental parameters in a multi-platform simulation framework. MATLAB/Simulink and DIgSILENT PowerFactory are used to assess dynamic control and steady-state stability, while HOMER Pro and openLCA perform techno-economic optimization and environmental impact analysis. Six system configurations were analyzed to determine the most technically reliable and cost-effective solution. The selected configuration includes 7.5 MW of solar PV, 6.5 MW of wind power, and an 8 MWh BESS. The setup achieves a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of $0.123/kWh, a net present cost (NPC) of $34.5 million, and a 7.4-year payback period. Dynamic simulations show grid-compliant operation under disturbances. Frequency remains within European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) limits, the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) is reduced relative to the standalone PV plant, and harmonic distortion is mitigated through filtering. PVsyst validates the energy output obtained from HOMER Pro and provides the performance ratio and detailed system loss breakdowns for the PV system. A Monte Carlo-based uncertainty analysis validates the robustness of the results. Life cycle assessment (LCA) shows that the hybrid system’s total global warming potential (GWP) is approximately 20 times lower than coal-based generation and 11 times lower than gas-based generation. The hybrid solution offers a sustainable model for enhancing renewable energy infrastructure in Bangladesh and similar resource-constrained regions.
Keywords
Hybrid solar–wind–BESS system; grid stability and frequency regulation; Monte Carlo simulation; lifecycle emissions assessment; renewable energy optimization
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