Open Access
ARTICLE
Kei Saito1, 2, *, Tei Hirashima1, Ninshu Ma2, *, Hidekazu Murakawa2
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 415-432, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08847
Abstract A characteristic tensor is defined using stress tensor averaged in a small
circular domain at the crack tip and multiplied by the root of domain radius. It possesses
the original stress tensor characteristics and has a simple relationship with conventional
fracture-mechanics parameters. Therefore, it can be used to estimate stress intensity
factors (SIFs) for cracks of arbitrary shape subjected to multiaxial stress loads. A
characteristic tensor can also be used to estimate SIFs for kinked cracks. This study
examines the relation between a characteristic tensor and SIFs to demonstrate the
correlation between the characteristic tensor and fracture-mechanics parameters.
Consequently, a… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yingjun Wang1, Zhongyuan Liao1, Shengyu Shi1, *, Zhenpei Wang2, *, Leong Hien Poh3
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 433-458, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08680
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Recent Developments of Isogeometric Analysis and its Applications in Structural Optimization)
Abstract Focusing on the structural optimization of auxetic materials using data-driven
methods, a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) based design framework is
developed for petal-shaped auxetics using isogeometric analysis. Adopting a NURBS-based parametric modelling scheme with a small number of design variables, the highly
nonlinear relation between the input geometry variables and the effective material
properties is obtained using BPNN-based fitting method, and demonstrated in this work to
give high accuracy and efficiency. Such BPNN-based fitting functions also enable an easy
analytical sensitivity analysis, in contrast to the generally complex procedures of typical
shape and size sensitivity approaches. More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Zijun Wu1, Shuting Wang2, Wenjun Shao3, *, Lianqing Yu1
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 459-485, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08697
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Recent Developments of Isogeometric Analysis and its Applications in Structural Optimization)
Abstract We propose a new approach to reuse the basis function evaluations in the
numerical integration of isogeometric analysis. The concept of reusability of the basis
functions is introduced according to their symmetrical, translational and proportional
features on both the coarse and refined levels. Based on these features and the parametric
domain regularity of each basis, we classify the bases on the original level and then reuse
them on the refined level, which can reduce the time for basis calculations at integration
nodes. By using the sum factorization method and the mean value theorem for the
integrals, a new integration method… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Manlika Ratchagit1, Benchawan Wiwatanapataphee1, Nikolai Dokuchaev1, *
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 487-504, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08865
Abstract The classical autoregressive (AR) model has been widely applied to predict
future data using m past observations over five decades. As the classical AR model required
m unknown parameters, this paper implements the AR model by reducing m parameters
to two parameters to obtain a new model with an optimal delay called as the m-delay AR
model. We derive the m-delay AR formula for approximating two unknown parameters
based on the least squares method and develop an algorithm to determine optimal delay
based on a brute-force technique. The performance of the m-delay AR model was tested by
comparing with the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Lei Chen1, #, Kanghu Bo2, #, Feifei Lee1, *, Qiu Chen1, 3, *
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 505-523, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08425
Abstract Scene recognition is a popular open problem in the computer vision field. Among
lots of methods proposed in recent years, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based
approaches achieve the best performance in scene recognition. We propose in this paper an
advanced feature fusion algorithm using Multiple Convolutional Neural Network (MultiCNN) for scene recognition. Unlike existing works that usually use individual convolutional
neural network, a fusion of multiple different convolutional neural networks is applied for
scene recognition. Firstly, we split training images in two directions and apply to three deep
CNN model, and then extract features from the last full-connected (FC) layer… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Qing Dong1, *, Bin He1, Gening Xu1
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 525-553, 2020, DOI: 10.32604/cmes.2020.08498
Abstract To compensate for the shortcomings of quasi-static law in anti-fatigue analysis
of foundry crane metal structures, the fatigue life evaluation method of foundry crane
metal structure considering load dynamic response and crack closure effect is proposed.
In line with the theory of mechanical vibration, a dynamic model of crane structure
during the working cycle is constructed, and dynamic coefficients under diverse actions
are analysed. Calculation models of the internal force dynamic change process of
dangerous cross-sections and a simulation model of first principal stress-time history are
established by using the steel structure design criteria, which is utilised to extract the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Tian Li1, *, Zhiyuan Dai1, Weihua Zhang1
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 555-570, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08101
Abstract Detached eddy simulation has been widely applied to simulate the flow around
trains in recent years. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model for delayed
detached eddy simulation (DDES) is an essential user input. The effect of the RANS
model for DDES on the aerodynamic characteristics of a train in crosswinds is
investigated in this study. Three different DDES models are used, based on the Spalart-Allmaras model (SA), the realizable k-ε model (RKE), and the shear stress transport k-ω
model (SST). Results show that all DDES models can give relatively accurate predictions
of pressure coefficient on almost all surfaces. There are only… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Siyang Piao1, Huajiang Ouyang1, 2, Yahui Zhang1, *
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 571-591, 2020, DOI: 10.32604/cmes.2020.08789
Abstract A beam approximation method for dynamic analysis of launch vehicles
modelled as stiffened cylindrical shells is proposed. Firstly, an initial beam model of the
stiffened cylindrical shell is established based on the cross-sectional area equivalence
principle that represents the shell skin and its longitudinal ribs as a beam with annular
cross-section, and the circumferential ribs as lumped masses at the nodes of the beam
elements. Then, a fine finite element model (FE model) of the stiffened cylindrical shell
is constructed and a modal analysis is carried out. Finally, the initial beam model is
improved through model updating against the natural… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Dongjie Liu1, Jin Zhao1, *, Axin Xi2, Chao Wang1, Xinnian Huang1, Kuncheng Lai1, Chang Liu1
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 593-617, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08641
Abstract With the advent of deep learning, self-driving schemes based on deep learning
are becoming more and more popular. Robust perception-action models should learn
from data with different scenarios and real behaviors, while current end-to-end model
learning is generally limited to training of massive data, innovation of deep network
architecture, and learning in-situ model in a simulation environment. Therefore, we
introduce a new image style transfer method into data augmentation, and improve the
diversity of limited data by changing the texture, contrast ratio and color of the image,
and then it is extended to the scenarios that the model has been… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Kemal Akyol1, *
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 619-632, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07632
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Data Science and Modeling in Biology, Health, and Medicine)
Abstract Parkinson’s disease is a serious disease that causes death. Recently, a new
dataset has been introduced on this disease. The aim of this study is to improve the
predictive performance of the model designed for Parkinson’s disease diagnosis. By and
large, original DNN models were designed by using specific or random number of
neurons and layers. This study analyzed the effects of parameters, i.e., neuron number
and activation function on the model performance based on growing and pruning
approach. In other words, this study addressed the optimum hidden layer and neuron
numbers and ideal activation and optimization functions in order… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Shuo Yang1, Yuanhai Li1, 2, ∗, Xiaojie Tang1, 2, Jinshan Liu1, 2
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 633-659, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07919
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Modeling and Simulation of Fluid flows in Fractured Porous Media: Current Trends and Prospects)
Abstract The deformation and damage evolution of sandstone after heat treatment greatly
influence the efficient and safe development of deep geothermal energy extraction. To
investigate this issue, laboratory confined compression tests and numerical simulations
were conducted on pre-holed sandstone specimens after heat treatment. The laboratory test
results show that the failure modes are closely related to the heat treatment temperature,
with increasing treatment temperature, the failure modes change from mixed and shear
modes to a splitting mode. The cracks always initiate from the sidewalls of the hole and
then propagate. The failure process inside the hole proceeds as follows: calm period,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Kuan-Ting Liu1, Chun-Lin Lu1, Nyan-Hwa Tai2, Meng-Kao Yeh1, *
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 661-674, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07792
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Data Computation in Advanced Composites: Characterization, Machining, and Waste Management)
Abstract In this study, the deformation and stress distribution of printed circuit board
(PCB) with different thickness and composite materials under a shock loading were
analyzed by the finite element analysis. The standard 8-layer PCB subjected to a shock
loading 1500 g was evaluated first. Moreover, the finite element models of the PCB with
different thickness by stacking various number of layers were discussed. In addition to
changing thickness, the core material of PCB was replaced from woven E-glass/epoxy to
woven carbon fiber/epoxy for structural enhancement. The non-linear material property
of copper foil was considered in the analysis. The results indicated… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Ling Ding1, 2, Huyin Zhang1, *, Jinsheng Xiao3, Junfeng Lei3, Fang Xu3, Shejie Lu2
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 675-690, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07987
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Security Enhancement of Image Recognition System in IoT based Smart Cities)
Abstract The ultimate goal of image denoising from video is to improve the given
image, which can reduce noise interference to ensure image quality. Through denoising
technology, image quality can have effectively optimized, signal-to-noise ratio can have
increased, and the original mage information can have better reflected. As an important
preprocessing method, people have made extensive research on image denoising
algorithm. Video denoising needs to take into account the various level of noise.
Therefore, the estimation of noise parameters is particularly important. This paper
presents a noise estimation method based on variance stability transformation, which
estimates the parameters of variance stability… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yanli Ji1, *, Weidong Wang2, Yinghai Zhang2
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 691-701, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07861
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Security Enhancement of Image Recognition System in IoT based Smart Cities)
Abstract In view of the uncertainty of the status of primary users in cognitive networks
and the fact that the random detection strategy cannot guarantee cognitive users to
accurately find available channels, this paper proposes a joint random detection strategy
using the idle cognitive users in cognitive wireless networks. After adding idle cognitive
users for detection, the compressed sensing model is employed to describe the number of
available channels obtained by the cognitive base station to derive the detection
performance of the cognitive network at this time. Both theoretical analysis and
simulation results show that using idle cognitive users can reduce… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Daobing Wang1, *, Sergio Zlotnik2, *, Pedro Díez2, Hongkui Ge3, Fujian Zhou3, Bo Yu4
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 703-720, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.08033
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Modeling and Simulation of Complex Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow)
Abstract The hydraulic fracturing is a nonlinear, fluid-solid coupling and transient
problem, in most cases it is always time-consuming to simulate this process numerically.
In recent years, although many numerical methods were proposed to settle this problem,
most of them still require a large amount of computer resources. Thus it is a high demand
to develop more effificient numerical approaches to achieve the real-time monitoring of
the fracture geometry during the hydraulic fracturing treatment. In this study, a reduced
order modeling technique namely Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD), is applied
to accelerate the simulations of the transient, non-linear coupled system of hydraulic… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Jingmin Guo1, Xiu Cheng1, Duanpo Wu2, 3, *
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 721-741, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07470
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computer Methods in Bio-mechanics and Biomedical Engineering)
Abstract The grading of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) contributes to the
clinical decision making for neonates with HIE. In this paper, an automated grading method
based on electroencephalogram (EEG) data is proposed to describe the severity of HIE
infants, namely mild asphyxia, moderate asphyxia and severe asphyxia. The automated
grading method is based on a multi-class support vector machine (SVM) classifier, and
the input features of SVM classifier include long-term features which are extracted by
decomposing the EEG data into different 64 s epoch data and short-term features which
are extracted by segmenting the 64 s epoch data into 8 s epoch… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Abdulghani Alharbi1, Mahmoud A. E. Abdelrahman1, 2, *, M. B. Almatrafi1
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.122, No.2, pp. 743-756, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.07996
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Numerical Methods for Differential and Integral Equations)
Abstract The nonlinear dispersive modified Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (DMBBM)
equation is solved numerically using adaptive moving mesh PDEs (MMPDEs) method.
Indeed, the exact solution of the DMBBM equation is obtained by using the extended
Jacobian elliptic function expansion method. The current methods give a wider
applicability for handling nonlinear wave equations in engineering and mathematical
physics. The adaptive moving mesh method is compared with exact solution by numerical
examples, where the explicit solutions are known. The numerical results verify the accuracy
of the proposed method. More >
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