Open Access
REVIEW
Alessandro Polizzi1,#, Gaetano Isola1,#, Monia Cecati2,*, Nicoletta Bonci3, Roberto Campagna2,*, Giovanni Tossetta2
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.079642
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances and Innovations in Head and Neck Cancer: Cutting-Edge Treatments and Future Directions)
Abstract Polyphenolic stilbenes are plant-derived compounds that have attracted increasing interest for their potential anticancer properties. Among them, resveratrol is the most extensively investigated molecule. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents a major global health challenge due to its aggressive biological behavior, frequent late diagnosis, and limited improvement in survival outcomes despite advances in treatment. This review aims to summarize current experimental evidence on the anticancer effects of resveratrol in OSCC, also considering structurally related derivatives such as polydatin and pinostilbene hydrate. A structured review of the literature was performed to identify experimental studies investigating the… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Zehao Wei1,#, Xuejian Liu2,#, Zheng Zhang1, Yimin Ma2,*, Min Xu1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078793
Abstract Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, characterized by difficulties in early diagnosis, limited therapeutic options, and generally poor patient prognosis. In recent years, immunotherapy has provided new opportunities for the treatment of pancreatic cancer; however, its clinical efficacy has been substantially constrained by the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune evasion mechanisms. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, AI has demonstrated great potential in the early detection of pancreatic cancer, prediction of immunotherapeutic responses, and design of personalized treatment strategies. This review systematically summarizes the latest advances in the More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Xiaolin Wei1,2, Jing Guo1, Chuntao Tao3, Yong Bao2, Li Yang1,*, Hong Chen1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078651
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Identification of potential targets and biomarkers for cancers and the exploration of novel molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis and metastasis)
Abstract Objectives: Uridine-cytidine kinase 2 (UCK2) plays a crucial role in the pyrimidine salvage pathway, but its function in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is still largely unclear. The study aimed to investigate the expression, prognostic value, biological functions, and molecular mechanisms of UCK2 in LUAD. Methods: Bioinformatic analyses were performed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Set Cancer Analysis (GSCA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) datasets. In vitro assays evaluated the effect of UCK2 overexpression on LUAD cells. Co-immunoprecipitation and pathway analyses were utilized to explore the underlying mechanism. Immune landscape and drug sensitivity… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Hyungkeun Cha1, Yong Seok Lee2, Gui Young Kwon3, Boran Kim4, Yeonsook Moon5, Lucia Kim6, Hae-Seong Nam1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077514
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy)
Abstract Objective: Studies on the comprehensive utility of complete blood count-derived inflammatory biomarkers (CBC-IBs) as biomarkers in pembrolizumab-treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of a panel of CBC-IBs as potential predictive biomarkers and assess whether integrating the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression could overcome the limitations of PD-L1 as a standalone predictive biomarker. Methods: Our real-world preliminary study was conducted on a cohort of patients with advanced NSCLC. Patients who had undergone PD-L1 immunohistochemistry testing at the time of diagnosis, and had… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Daniel Arcuschin de Oliveira1, Melissa Yoshimi Sakamoto Maeda Nisimoto1, Jaciara Moreira Sodré Hunnicutt1, Eduarda Massa Sartori1, Amanda Fáris Marques1, Francisco Macedo Paschoal2, Luciana Cavalheiro Marti1,3, Miriam Galvonas Jasiulionis4, Miguel Sabino Neto1, Renato Santos de Oliveira Filho1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077913
Abstract Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is characterized by a low mutational burden, frequent chromosomal rearrangements, and profound epigenetic dysregulation, distinguishing it from ultraviolet (UV)-induced melanoma. Among the epigenetic regulators, Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), the catalytic component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), plays a central role in chromatin compaction and transcriptional repression through trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27me3). EZH2 overexpression or hyperactivation contributes to tumor progression, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance. Recent multi-omic studies have highlighted the importance of EZH2 in regulating melanoma plasticity, immune modulation, and metabolic reprogramming. In… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
REVIEW
Maria Franza, Aurora Melfi, Filippo Acconcia, Alessandra di Masi*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076509
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Rewiring Metabolism for Cancer Treatment: Emerging Approaches)
Abstract Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), a key regulator of cell cycle checkpoints, plays a central role in the DNA damage response network, serving as a critical mediator that links DNA damage detection to DNA repair mechanisms. In recent years, several other cellular functions of CHK1 have gradually been discovered. As well as monitoring genomic integrity, CHK1 coordinates the timing of DNA replication with the availability of metabolic resources. This prevents unscheduled DNA synthesis from exceeding the cell’s metabolic capacity and causing DNA damage. CHK1 activity also contributes to tumour immune surveillance and the modulation of immune… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yi-Sian Huang1,2, Chung-Yung Ma1,2, Hsiao-Yuh Roan3, Cheng-Hsiung Chiang4, Hsiao-Hui Tsou4, Chen-Hui Chen3, Yi-Fan Lin2, Horng-Dar Wang2, Chiou-Hwa Yuh1,5,6,7,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074145
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: AI-Guided Phenotypic Response Surfaces for Precision Oncology: From Model Systems to Clinical Dosing)
Abstract Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arising in metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) develops under lipid-rich stress and inflammatory remodeling, which can alter therapeutic windows. We aimed to determine whether phenotypic response surface–guided optimization (PRS-OPT) can nominate hepatocyte-sparing propolis–metformin–regorafenib (PMR) dose windows that retain antitumor activity under MASLD-like fatty-acid (FA) stress and translate to an in vivo immune endpoint. Methods: PMR combinations were profiled in hepatoma cell lines (PLC/PRF/5 and HepG2) and non-malignant hepatocytes (THLE-2) under FA-free and FA-enriched conditions. Quadratic response surfaces were fitted and used for constrained dose nomination, followed by in vitro validation. Cell-death contributions were… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Teng Zhu1,#, Siwen Zang2,#, Bo Chen1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.067876
Abstract Background: Orbital metastases are rare in breast cancer, representing only 3–10% of ocular metastases. This report highlights a case where orbital involvement was the first indicator of systemic metastatic spread. Case Presentation: A 72-year-old woman with a history of Estrogen Receptor (ER)-positive (5%), Progesterone Receptor (PR)-negative, Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer (diagnosed 3 years prior) presented with right orbital pain, diplopia, and periorbital swelling. Imaging revealed multiple myositis of the extraocular muscles, compressive displacement of the optic nerve, and right periorbital edema. Bone scintigraphy identified multifocal skeletal metastases. A navigation-assisted biopsy confirmed metastatic invasive More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Pei-Yu Kao1, Jie-Hong Chen2, Kuo-Hu Chen1,3,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078219
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Drug Targets and Combination Strategies in Gynecologic Cancers)
Abstract Cervical cancer remains a major global health challenge despite advances in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, screening, and treatment. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV types, particularly HPV16 and HPV18, is a necessary cause of cervical cancer; however, only a small fraction of infections progress to malignancy, indicating the importance of additional cofactors. Increasing evidence identifies estrogen signaling as a critical modifier of HPV-driven carcinogenesis. Estrogen acts synergistically with HPV oncogenes E6 and E7 to promote genomic instability, immune evasion, and tumor progression, largely through effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review aims to clarify and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Fang-Ying Chiu1,2,3,*, Yun Yen2,4,5,6
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077076
Abstract Objective: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor and is characterized by significant intratumoral heterogeneity. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and genomic landscapes of GBM across diverse ethnic populations to identify potential prognostic markers. Methods: Leveraging The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) and bioinformatics modeling, White, African, and Asian American cohorts were analyzed. Patients were stratified according to the 2021 WHO classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Population-specific genomic drivers and phenotypic markers were evaluated for their impact on outcomes. Survival rates across age, sex, and ethnicity were estimated using the… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Shadi Zerehpoosh1, Yasuhito Tanaka2, Said A. Al-Busafi3,4, Gulnara Aghayeva5, Samir Rouabhia6, Qiuwei Pan7, Mohammed Eslam1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076937
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancements in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment)
Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a critical global health challenge, standing as a leading cause of cancer mortality with a significant and projected increasing incidence worldwide. A primary hurdle in HCC management is late diagnosis, often attributable to the absence of early symptoms. Despite considerable advancements in therapeutic strategies over the past decade, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies, mortality rates remain high, underscoring the urgent need for more effective novel approaches. The inherent molecular complexity and heterogeneity of HCC, where only a minority of tumors possess readily targetable drivers, contribute to treatment resistance and More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Kirill V. Chernov1,#, Artemii M. Savin1,#, Daria E. Otvodnikova1, Oleg A. Kuchur1,2, Sergey A. Tsymbal1,2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077445
Abstract The formation of drug resistance poses the ultimate threat in modern oncology. Targeted therapy lacks versatility, while conventional therapy is famous for its side effects. However, for the new therapeutics to address the challenge of drug resistance, such compounds should combine properties of both modalities. In this review, we argue that metal-based therapeutics are paramount substances for achieving this goal. The unique physico-chemical properties and metabolism of these compounds, as well as metals themselves, allow to realize unique activities in normal and cancer cells, including precise targeting, non-apoptotic cell death, and disruption of critical signaling More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Laura Duzzi1,#,*, Nora Möhn1,#, Emily Narten1, Janin Thomas1, Susann Mahjoub1, Lea Grote-Levi1, Konstantin Jendretzky1, Sandra Nay1, Felix Konen1, Jonas Wiegmann2, Gernot Beutel2, Tabea Fröhlich2, Benjamin-Alexander Bollmann3, Thomas Wirth4, Imke von Wasielewski5, Florian H. Heidel2, Ralf Gutzmer5,6, Thomas Skripuletz1,§, Philipp Ivanyi2,§, the ICOG (Immune Cooperative Oncology Group)-Investigators7
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074095
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy)
Abstract Objectives: Since 2011, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have transformed the treatment of various cancers. However, our understanding of the autoimmune adverse events, particularly those affecting the nervous system, remains limited. These adverse events can cause significant disability or even death, yet there are currently no established guidelines or biomarkers to aid diagnosis and treatment. With this study, we aim to gain a deeper understanding of neurological adverse events and investigate potential predictive biomarkers. Methods: Between 19 December 2019 and 21 August 2021, 150 out of 543 ICI-treated cancer patients were eligible for our prospective monocentric… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Elena Matei1,*, Ionuț Ciprian Iorga2,3, Mariana Deacu2,4, Georgeta Camelia Cozaru1,4, Gabriela Isabela Băltățescu1,4,#, Manuela Enciu2,4,#
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.072421
Abstract Objectives: Deregulated plasticity is involved in initiation, progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy of various cancers. Our study aimed to present new checkpoints involved in complex biological processes that sustain epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) variability and heterogeneity in prostate tumor cell plasticity. Methods: Dysregulated cell signaling pathways involved in prostate EMT heterogeneity were analyzed by intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as cell cycle phases by propidium iodide (PI) stain, apoptosis by caspase-3/7 biochemical cascade DEVDase enzyme activity by Magic Red stain (DEVD-MR)/propidium iodide stain, autophagy and nuclear shrinkage by Hoechst/acridine orange stain, evasion of immune surveillance by… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Cong Liu1, Zhenyu Zhang1, Ronghua Feng1, Mengsi Zeng1, Hui Li1, Mei Zhu1, Lan Zhuang2,*, Zongjuan Li1,*, Tao Wu1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077059
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Targeted and Precision Medicine in Breast Oncology)
Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women, primarily due to distant metastasis. Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in tumor growth and spread, but the metabolic mechanisms underlying metastasis in breast cancer remain unclear. The primary objective of this study is to identify molecular targets mediating breast cancer progression and to evaluate whether targeting the metabolic reprogramming represents a potential therapeutic strategy. Methods: To uncover key metabolic regulators involved in breast cancer progression, we analyzed high-throughput RNA sequencing data and identified Paired Like Homeodomain 1 (PITX1) as a frequently upregulated… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Guoliang Zhong1, Tianqing Yang1, Shuqi Lin1, Muyi Zhong1,2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076300
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Biomarkers and Treatment Strategies in Solid Tumor Diagnosis, Progression, and Prognosis (Ⅱ))
Abstract Hormone Receptor-positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2−) breast cancer treatment has made a breakthrough due to the introduction of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors. This article mainly reviews the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and current application status of CDK4/6 inhibitors, including Palbociclib, Ribociclib, Abemaciclib, and the emerging Dalpiciclib. The advantages and limitations of different treatment stages are also discussed. CDK4/6 inhibitors have excellent efficacy in prolonging progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and have become a key option for HR+/HER2− breast cancer first-line and adjuvant treatment. The issues of drug More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Mariana Lopes1,#, Carlos Vila Nova2,3,#, Rui Caetano Oliveira3,4, Fernando Schmitt5, Fernando Mendes1,6,7,8,9,*, Diana Martins1,6,7,8
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074215
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Targeted and Precision Medicine in Breast Oncology)
Abstract Objectives: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15% of all invasive breast cancers and is characterized by aggressive behavior, limited therapeutic options, and poor clinical outcomes. Due to the absence of hormone receptors and HER2 expression, systemic treatment relies predominantly on chemotherapy, which is associated with high rates of early recurrence and mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in the microbiome can contribute to TNBC progression and influence therapeutic response, particularly affecting the efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy through immune-mediated mechanisms; however, its role in TNBC remains incompletely understood. This systematic review aims to explore… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Dimitra P. Vageli1,2,3,4,*, Panagiotis G. Doukas5, Nikolaos Papageorgiou1, Chrysanthi A. Markou1, Konstantina Zacharouli1, Maria Ioannou1,6
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077195
Abstract Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults, with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. Although histological tumor grading is an established prognostic parameter, it often fails to capture the biological heterogeneity of RCC. Therefore, identifying novel biomarkers could enhance early diagnosis and improve predictive accuracy. Here, we aimed to test whether immunophenotypes of specific glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family members may have prognostic value in RCC. Methods: We investigated the relationship between GPX1 and GPX3 immunophenotypes and clinicopathological parameters in 32 surgical specimens of clear cell RCC (ccRCC)… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Ji Hoon Jang, Joo-Young Kim, Tae-Jin Lee*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.073660
Abstract Molecular glue degraders (MGDs) are an emerging class of small molecules that promote selective protein degradation by inducing neomorphic interactions between E3 ubiquitin ligases and non-native substrates, referred to as neosubstrates. Clinically validated examples include thalidomide analogs that recruit cereblon (CRBN) to degrade IKAROS family zinc finger 1/3 in multiple myeloma, and arylsulfonamide-based MGDs that promote the degradation of RNA-binding protein 39 in acute myeloid leukemia and solid tumors. These molecules highlight the therapeutic potential of this modality in oncology. These findings underscore the promise of MGDs for eliminating oncogenic proteins previously considered undruggable and… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
REVIEW
Pengtao Hu1, Junjie Sun1, Jian Lu2, Chunlei Ge3, Hanzhi Sun1, Chengyu Lv1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076013
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances and Innovations in Colorectal Cancer Research and Treatment)
Abstract Liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) are a primary cause of poor patient prognosis, closely linked to the liver’s unique tumor microenvironment (TME). Compared to primary tumors, research on the TME of liver metastases remains insufficient. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in TME research concerning colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), emphasizing its organ-specific characteristics, pivotal role in tumor progression, and influence on treatment response. We delve into the intricate cellular components of the TME—including tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells—and non-cellular constituents such as the extracellular matrix and soluble factors. Furthermore, we explore More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Cristina Díaz del Arco1,2,*, Luis Ortega Medina1,2, Patricia Barreiro Sanabria2, Andrés Sánchez Pernaute3, Lourdes Estrada Muñoz4, Elena Molina Roldán5, María Jesús Fernández Aceñero1,2
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075609
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Gastroenteropancreatic Tumors: From Basic Research to Therapeutic Approach)
Abstract Background: Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) has become a clinically relevant therapeutic target in gastric adenocarcinoma (GC), with zolbetuximab now approved for use in CLDN18.2-positive, HER2-negative advanced disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, intratumoral reproducibility, and clinicopathologic associations of CLDN18.2 expression in a Western cohort of resected GC. Methods: CLDN18.2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 204 resected GCs arranged in tissue microarrays containing duplicate tumor cores corresponding to the tumor center and invasive front. Correlations between paired cores, clinicopathologic parameters, additional biomarkers (E-cadherin, HER2, p53, mismatch repair (MMR)), and clinical outcomes were… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Aleksander Strąk1, Ludmiła Grzybowska-Szatkowska1,*, Paweł Cisek1, Marta Ostrowska-Leśko2, Jarosław Dudka2, Joanna Kubik3, Jacek Osuchowski4, Paweł Szmygin4, Bożena Jarosz4, Andrzej Krajka5, Tomasz Krajka6, Kazimierz Szatkowski7, Brygida Ślaska8
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074078
Abstract Objectives: Brain gliomas are among the tumors with the worst prognosis, and their incidence is increasing. Postoperative temozolomide-based chemoradiotherapy for grades 3 and 4 gliomas extended overall survival (OS) by approximately two months. An increasing number of clinical trials are investigating molecular-based therapy. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of Golgi apparatus proteins, including MYO18A (myosin-18A), in processes associated with abnormal proliferation, migration, apoptosis evasion, and angiogenesis promotion. The aim of this study was to investigate whether MYO18A has prognostic value in patients treated for brain gliomas. Methods: The research material in the work included… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Wen-Hsin Hsu1,2,#, Kai-Fu Chang3,4,#, Chih-Hsuan Chang3,4, Hui-Ru Lin5,6, Chi-Jen Wu5,7, Ching-Chung Ko8,9,10, Cheng-Chun Wu11, Yu-Cheng Ho11, Chih-Chun Lin12, Chien-Han Yuan3,5,13,14, Sachin Kumar15,16, Dahlak Daniel Solomon15, Fitria Sari Wulandari15, Juan Lorell Ngadio17, Do Thi Minh Xuan18, Chung-Bao Hsieh19, Chung-Chieh Chiao20, Ngoc Uyen Nhi Nguyen21,22, Chih-Yang Wang15,20, Yung-Kuo Lee3,4,5,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.070445
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Tumor Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Targeted Therapy)
Abstract Background: Glycosylation and inflammation are pivotal in tumor progression, yet the specific glycosyltransferases bridging these processes remain poorly defined. This study investigated Exostosin-1 (EXT1), a key enzyme in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis, as a mechanistic bridge connecting inflammation, stromal remodeling, and immune evasion-driven cancers. Methods: We used a multi-omics approach including Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pan-cancer cohorts, transcriptomics, survival, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), DNA methylation profiling, pathway enrichment analysis (MetaCore), molecular docking, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) on pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissue microarrays. Results:… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Sebastian A. Wohlfeil1,2,3,*, Jochen S. Utikal1,2,3
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078650
Abstract Over the past decade, the therapeutic paradigm of cutaneous melanoma has been transformed strongly, driven by advances in immuno-oncology and precision medicine. Building on the success of immune checkpoint blockade and targeted therapy, new treatment strategies now aim to improve efficacy, overcome resistance, and prolong the durability of responses. Clinical trials on neoadjuvant therapy supporting its clinical use are presented. Furthermore, the latest progress in combinatorial immune checkpoint inhibition such as dual anti-LAG-3 or anti-TIGIT with anti-PD-1 blockade, next-generation bispecific antibody development, mRNA-based vaccines in clinical practice, and intralesional therapies are summarized. Additionally, it outlines More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Chunhui Tian1,2, Weipin Xie1,2, Wen Li2, Huaiyu Gu2, Xuebao Liu2, Busheng Tong1,*, Yehai Liu1,*, Huaiyuan Zong3,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077171
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Next-Generation Oncology: Unearthing and Validating Novel Therapeutic Targets)
Abstract Background: In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), solute carrier family 16 member 1 (SLC16A1) is associated with tumor advancement and reduced sensitivity to ferroptosis, yet the molecular basis of these effects remains unclear. This study seeks to uncover how SLC16A1 contributes to HNSCC tumorigenesis. Methods: To elucidate how SLC16A1 drives HNSCC progression via ferroptosis resistance, we performed RNA sequencing on SLC16A1-knockdown HNSCC cells and controls, followed by functional validation. We next systematically assessed the role of the candidate molecule solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) in HNSCC progression and resistance to ferroptosis… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
REVIEW
Francesco Petrella1,2,*, Andrea Cara1, Enrico Mario Cassina1, Lidia Libretti1, Emanuele Pirondini1, Federico Raveglia1, Maria Chiara Sibilia1, Antonio Tuoro1
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076281
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Immunotherapy in Early-Stage and Locally Advanced Resectable Non-small Cell Lung Cancer)
Abstract The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 has transformed the therapeutic landscape of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and recent clinical trials have extended their application to resectable disease. Multiple randomized phase III trials have demonstrated that neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy, particularly when combined with platinum-based chemotherapy, significantly improves pathological complete response (pCR), major pathological response (MPR), event-free survival (EFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) compared to chemotherapy alone. Several key questions remain unresolved—including whether preoperative or postoperative immunotherapy yields superior outcomes, whether adjuvant therapy provides additional More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
I Made Bayu Anggriawan1,2,3,*, Heather G. Jørgensen4,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074734
Abstract Background: Persistent leukaemic stem cells (LSCs) in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) are insensitive to targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Identifying alternative molecular vulnerabilities may offer new therapeutic opportunities. This study aimed to identify active RAS/RAF signalling pathway components in persistent CML-LSCs using publicly available datasets to propose a novel drug combination that could synergise with TKI therapy. Methods: EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas and Stemformatics were used to analyse gene expression within the chosen signalling pathway using DESeq2 analysis in R Studio. Genes that showed statistically significant differences across three comparisons (CML vs. normal; post… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Yiyang Zhao1, Changchang Sun1, Qihan Dong2, Jiangyang He1, Yan Wang1,3,*, Ling Bi1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076499
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: New Insights in Drug Resistance of Cancer Therapy: A New Wine in an Old Bottle)
Abstract Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is an emerging biophysical principle that governs subcellular organization through the formation of dynamic, membraneless biomolecular condensates. This review aims to elucidate the multifaceted mechanisms by which dysregulated LLPS drives cancer drug resistance and to explore therapeutic strategies targeting oncogenic biomolecular condensates for improved anticancer outcomes. We synthesize evidence demonstrating that dysregulated LLPS drives cancer drug resistance through diverse mechanisms, including sustaining oncogenic transcription despite targeted therapies, creating physical barriers against chemotherapeutics, modulating immune checkpoint activity, enhancing DNA damage repair, promoting cancer stemness and radioresistance. By integrating insights from cell cycle More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Thanh Hoa Vo1,2, Edel McNeela1,2, Orla O’Donnovan1,2, Jai Prakash Mehta3, Van Hoa Nguyen4, Sweta Rani1,2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075346
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Targeted and Precision Medicine in Breast Oncology)
Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of drug resistance in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, a subtype in which both intrinsic and acquired resistance to HER2-targeted therapies remain major clinical challenges. Although mechanistic studies have begun to reveal how lncRNAs modulate signaling pathways, interact with microRNAs, and influence the tumor microenvironment, dedicated investigations in HER2-positive disease are still limited. This review synthesizes current evidence across epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional mechanisms of resistance, including competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, RNA-binding protein interactions, and exosome-mediated intercellular communication. Particular emphasis is… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yan Wang1,#, Jialei Zhu2,#, Shiyang Wei3,4,#, Lijie Jin1, Zhanqiu Liu1, Jie Xu1, Nana Yang1, Xuefeng Jiang4, Caizhi Wang1,*, Lingling Wang1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.068833
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: New Advance in Gynecologic Oncology)
Abstract Background: The role of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-like protein (HPDL) in endometrial cancer (EC) progression remains poorly understood, particularly its involvement in metabolic-epigenetic crosstalk via lactate-driven histone lactylation. This study aimed to investigate HPDL’s mechanistic contribution to EC pathogenesis. Methods: Stable HPDL-overexpressing and knockdown EC cell lines (HEC-1-B and AN3CA) were generated using lentiviral vectors. Functional assays (proliferation, migration, invasion), subcutaneous xenograft models in BALB/c nude mice, and molecular analyses were conducted. Lactate levels, Pan-lysine lactylation (pan-kla), histone H3K18 lactylation (H3K18la), and effects of sodium oxamate (lactate modulator) were assessed. Lactate Dehydrogenase A/Lactate Dehydrogenase B (LDHA/LDHB) knockdown,… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Jun-Hui Chen1, Si-Run Du1, Chang Liu1, Bei-Bei Liu1, Hai-Ying Xu2, Xin-Ying Ji2, Bo Feng3, Chun-Zheng Ma3, Jun-Hui Guo3,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.073484
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Biomarkers and Treatment Strategies in Solid Tumor Diagnosis, Progression, and Prognosis (Ⅱ))
Abstract Esophageal cancer (EC) ranks among the most lethal gastrointestinal malignancies. Due to challenges in early diagnosis, molecular heterogeneity, and therapeutic resistance, patient prognosis remains extremely poor, necessitating the development of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. As a core effector of the Hippo signaling pathway, the potential significance of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) has garnered increasing attention. This paper aims to systematically summarize the multi-omics research, molecular mechanisms, and preclinical/translational evidence for YAP1, covering its activation pathways, biological functions, clinical significance, and therapeutic strategies. We elucidated YAP1’s multidimensional regulatory network in EC, including Hippo-dependent and -independent mechanisms, cross-regulation… More >
Open Access
CASE REPORT
Xie Ding1,2,3,#, Xinfeng Liu4,#, Cheng Dai5, Xiaoxiao Wang1,2,3, Zhaopeng Zheng2,3,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.071213
Abstract Background: Immunotherapy has markedly reshaped the therapeutic landscape for patients with postoperative progression and metastasis. As a programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, camrelizumab has been proven to exhibit both efficacy and safety in the treatment of advanced dMMR solid tumors. Case Description: A 58-year-old female patient with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the endometrium (NECE) who was treated with camrelizumab coupled with chemotherapy, subsequent maintenance monotherapy with camrelizumab, and adjuvant pelvic local radiotherapy. Up to December 2024, the patient has survived 28 months since treatment, with 26 months free from disease progression, and the assessment indicated a status of More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Omar Badran1,2,*, Siraj Attarya3
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075916
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Identification of potential targets and biomarkers for cancers and the exploration of novel molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis and metastasis)
Abstract Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) constitutes a principal factor in the amplification of oncogenes and the progression of tumors in solid malignancies. This review synthesizes emerging mechanistic, genomic, and immunologic evidence across multiple tumor types, including glioblastoma, lung, breast, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, urothelial, prostate, gynecologic, pediatric, and head-and-neck cancers, with the goal of clarifying the role of ecDNA in immune escape and therapy resistance and outlining its translational implications for precision oncology. ecDNA comprises substantial acentromeric circular elements that serve as transcriptional hubs, modulate enhancer–promoter interactions, and undergo dynamic copy-number cycling, thereby fostering intratumoral heterogeneity and resistance to… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Haojie Yang1,2,#, Zicong Tan1,2,#, Zihao Liu3,#, Kang Chen1,2, Ning Liufu1,2,*, Fengtao Ji1,2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.073081
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Biomarkers and Treatment Strategies in Solid Tumor Diagnosis, Progression, and Prognosis (Ⅱ))
Abstract Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in the progression of malignant tumors such as breast cancer. Methods: A circRNA microarray was used to detect key circRNAs in breast cancer. Expression of Circ72688 was verified by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay. Transwell assay and in vivo assay were conducted to prove the function of Circ72688. Exploring the downstream mechanism, dual-luciferase reporter assay, western blotting, and tissue microarray were performed. Results: We sequenced and identified a circRNA, hsa-circ-0072688, also known as Circ72688. Our research found that Circ72688 enhanced tumor metastasis both More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Jarosław Nuszkiewicz1,*, Joanna Wróblewska1, Marek Jóźwiak2, Marta Pawłowska1
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077020
Abstract Melatonin, an endogenous indoleamine primarily synthesized in the pineal gland, has emerged as a promising adjunctive agent within integrative oncology due to its pleiotropic biological actions. Beyond its well-known chronobiological functions, melatonin exerts potent redox-regulatory, anti-inflammatory, oncostatic, and immune-modulating effects that are relevant across multiple stages of carcinogenesis and cancer therapy. Oxidative stress (OS), defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) generation and antioxidant defenses, plays a central role in DNA damage, protein adduct formation, and lipid peroxidation, ultimately contributing to mutation accumulation, treatment resistance, and tumor progression. Melatonin modulates these… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Edward Sutanto1, Rinni Sutanto2, Sara Velichkovikj3, Nikola Hadzi-Petrushev4, Mitko Mladenov4, Dimiter Avtanski5,6,7, Radoslav Stojchevski5,6,8,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076157
Abstract The rapid growth and accessibility of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have opened many avenues to revolutionize biomedical research, particularly in oncogenesis. Oncogenesis is a hallmark process in the development of cancer, involving the amplification of proto-oncogenes and the subsequent dysregulation of molecular signaling networks. These pathways—including the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT, TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-Catenin, and Notch cascades—have been studied extensively in isolation, with major strides achieved in understanding how they drive cancer. However, there are still many considerations regarding how these networks interact. Ongoing studies show that crosstalk among these pathways occurs through feedback… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Wei Xu1,#, Yuanyuan Zhang2,#, Yizhi Ge2,*, Yesong Guo2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075314
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Metabolic Heterogeneity in Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Implications)
Abstract Objectives: Radio-resistance hinders the effectiveness of radiotherapy for treating colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Metadherin (MTDH) is proposed to exert a pivotal role in resistance to radiotherapy in various malignancies. This study aims to investigate the precise impact of MTDH on CRC radio-resistance. Methods: Through a fusion of 14 machine learning algorithms and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) interpretability analysis, we pinpointed MTDH as a pivotal gene implicated in radio-resistance mechanisms. Subsequently, we investigated MTDH expression in CRC tissues using single-cell RNA sequencing data (scRNA-seq) and bulk transcriptomic data. MTDH level was also examined in tissues from… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yu-Hao Huang1, Yu-Ci Tu1, Peng-Ju Chien1,2, An-Jie Lee1, Chia-Liang Lin3, Shao-Ti Li4, Yueh-Chun Lee4,5,*, Wen-Wei Chang1,6,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075190
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Discovery of a Potent Antitumor Agent: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potential)
Abstract Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with poor prognosis and resistance to conventional therapies, including radiotherapy. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) drive tumor initiation, metastasis, and therapy resistance in TNBC. Identifying pathways sustaining CSCs in radioresistant TNBC is key for targeted therapies. This study examines SRC proto-oncogene (SRC) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation in radioresistance and CSC maintenance. Methods: A radioresistant MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line (231RR) was developed and compared to the parental line for CSC activity and self-renewal. Western blotting assessed molecular changes; functional assays followed… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Evangelos Manousakis1, Cristina Moreta-Moraleda1, Clàudia Martinez Miralles1, Anna Tomàs Pujolà1, Houda Baccara2, Laia Liñán Franquet1, Montserrat Montañés Albó1, Roberto Ferrari2, Roni H. G. Wright1,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074965
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Pathology, Early Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies for Breast Cancer)
Abstract Objective: Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies among women worldwide, and despite advances in therapy and treatment options, tumour relapse and metastasis remain major clinical challenges, largely driven by the breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) niche that resists conventional treatments and regenerates tumours. In breast cancer, where approximately 30% of patients who initially respond to treatment ultimately relapse and die of metastatic disease, targeting BCSCs is critical for improving patient outcomes. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A/p21 (CDKN1A/p21) is a multifunctional protein that is known primarily for its role in regulating the cell cycle… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
REVIEW
Carlo Ronsini1,*, Giuseppe Cucinella1, Maria Cristina Solazzo1, Mariano Catello Di Donna1, Cono Scaffa1, Stefano Cianci2, Manuela Ludovisi3, Sandro Pignata4, Vito Chiantera1
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074934
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Drug Targets and Combination Strategies in Gynecologic Cancers)
Abstract Background: The optimal sequencing of surgery and chemotherapy in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer remains debated. While primary debulking surgery (PDS) has been considered the standard approach, recent randomized trials have questioned its survival advantage over neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS). The study aimed to systematically evaluate phase III randomized controlled trials comparing PDS and NACT. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO ID 1169057), PubMed and Scopus were systematically searched in October 2025 for phase III randomized clinical trials evaluating cytoreductive strategies in ovarian carcinoma. Only full-text English studies reporting overall survival (OS)… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Benjamin Heckelmann#, Jannis Duhn#, Rüdiger Braun*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075028
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Gastroenteropancreatic Tumors: From Basic Research to Therapeutic Approach)
Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is currently the third leading cancer-related cause of death worldwide and is forecasted to become the second leading cause in the United States by 2030. Despite the development of multimodal treatment regimens, 5-year overall survival remained as low as 12%. Several efforts have been made to account for different aspects of heterogeneous tumor biology in PDAC, aiming to enable treatment stratification of defined subtypes. Besides targeting specific mutations, the definition of molecular (transcriptional) subtypes has gained substantial interest regarding response prediction and treatment stratification. Despite numerous advances in the field of… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Chanwoong Yoon1,#, Euihyeon Na2,#, Min Joo Choi1, Sang-Pil Yoon1,3,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074140
Abstract Objective: Increased Src kinase activity is known to correlate with cancer progression and poor prognosis, indicating that Src plays a central role in cell migration and invasion. In this study, we investigated the effects of saracatinib, a Src kinase inhibitor, under anoikis-resistant conditions in colorectal cancer cells. Methods: Wild-type and 5-fluorouracil-resistance acquired SNU-C5 colorectal cancer cells were cultured in both monolayer and spheroid systems under fetal bovine serum (FBS) or growth factor (GF) supplemented conditions. Cell viability assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, spheroid formation and morphometric analysis, and Western blotting were performed using both… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Farzana Yasmeen1,#, Abdul Manan1,#,*, Wook Kim1, Sangdun Choi1,2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076072
Abstract Objectives: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is a critical therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to its role in angiogenesis and tumor progression. While several inhibitors are currently used, clinical utility is often limited by resistance and adverse effects, necessitating the discovery of novel therapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize novel, highly effective VEGFR2 inhibitors using an integrated computational pipeline to advance the development of new HCC treatments. Methods: A comprehensive dataset from the ChEMBL database was curated and standardized for Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) modeling.… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Nicola Marrano1,#, Mariangela Caporusso2,#, Cosimo Matino1,#, Irene Caruso3,#, Carlo Ganini4, Mimma Rizzo5, Ludovico Di Gioia2, Angelo Cignarelli1, Sebastio Perrini1,6, Luigi Laviola1, Camillo Porta4, Francesco Giorgino1,*, Annalisa Natalicchio1
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074672
Abstract Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a cornerstone of systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), used both in the adjuvant and metastatic settings across various lines of treatment, often in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs). These therapies are associated with endocrine immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which can be irreversible and life-threatening if not promptly managed. Using data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Reporting System (FAERS), this study aimed to evaluate the real-world occurrence of endocrine irAEs in all approved VEGFR-TKI + ICI combinations for RCC, and… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Kassiani Lalechou, Despoina Pantazi*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074452
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Advances in Cancer Pharmacology)
Abstract Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer patients. While venous thromboembolic events have been extensively studied due to their higher incidence, arterial thrombosis in cancer patients—referred to as cancer-associated arterial thromboembolism (CA-ATE)—is less well understood but may pose a greater danger. The pathophysiology of CA-ATE involves complex interactions between the tumor microenvironment, cancer cells, patient-related factors, and cancer therapies. Some chemotherapeutic agents, particularly platinum-based compounds (cisplatin, oxaliplatin), gemcitabine, taxanes, and targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), have been associated with an increased risk of arterial thrombosis. In… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
REVIEW
Lu Hao1,#, Jiao Lu2,#, Jisu Xue2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.076420
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancing Cellular Therapeutics in Oncology: Innovations, Challenges, and Clinical Translation)
Abstract In vivo Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy reprograms a patient’s own T cells directly inside the body, bypassing the complex and costly traditional manufacturing process. This is achieved by systemically delivering viral or non-viral vectors that genetically modify endogenous T lymphocytes to produce functional CAR-T cells de novo. By eliminating ex vivo cell processing, this strategy can simplify workflows, reduce costs, improve accessibility, and allow faster treatment. Key delivery platforms include engineered lentiviral and adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors for lasting CAR expression and targeted lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for transient mRNA delivery. Emerging technologies like biomaterial scaffolds and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Yan Zhu1,#, Bin Guan1,#, Wencai Guan1, Jihong Zhang1, Shiyu Wang1, Jimin Shi1, Wei Fan1, Qi Lu2,3, Lingyun Zhang4,5,*, Guoxiong Xu1,2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075241
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: New Advance in Gynecologic Oncology)
Abstract Background: Ovarian cancer poses the greatest threat to survival among gynecologic cancers in women. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in oncogenesis. The current study aimed to elucidate the function and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA KRT7-AS in ovarian cancer. Methods: The clinical significance of KRT7-AS was evaluated through bioinformatics analysis of data from public repositories. KRT7-AS expression was examined by RT-qPCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The function analyses were conducted using assays for cell proliferation, migration, invasion, wound healing, and colony formation. Assessment of cell cycle and apoptosis was performed using flow… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Luigi Coltelli1,2,#, Paola Orlandi3,#, Chiara Finale1,4,#, Gianna Musettini1,4,#, Luna Chiara Masini1,4, Marco Scalese5, Giulia Soria1,4, Elena Sartori1,4, Ylenia Nodari1,4, Giada Arrighi1,2, Arianna Bandini3, Marta Banchi3, Costanza Tacchi3, Donghao Tang3, Barbara Salvadori6, Lucia Tanganelli1,7, Simona Giovannelli1,8, Mirco Pistelli9, Samanta Cupini1,4, Maurizio Lucchesi1,10, Alessandro Cosimi11, Giulia Lorenzini1,7, Elisa Biasco1,4, Chiara Caparello1,4, Giulia Acconci1,4,6, Eloise Fontana1,4, Eleonora Bona1,4, Azzurra Farnesi1,4, Antonio Pellino1,4, Andrea Marini1,4, Ermelinda De Maio1,4, Irene Stasi1,4, Cecilia Barbara1,4, En
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.073799
Abstract Background: The treatment of advanced hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer has seen relevant changes in last years. However, bevacizumab remains an option when combined with paclitaxel, but no certified pharmacogenetic profiles are now usable for the prediction of its response in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to explore the pharmacogenetic interactions among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes involved in the angiogenic process and their impact on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer subjects administered with bevacizumab plus paclitaxel, or with paclitaxel alone (clinicaltrial.gov… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Abdul Manan1,2, Sidra Ilyas2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074185
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Molecular Targets and Combinatorial Therapeutics of Liver Cancer)
Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant global health challenge, with therapeutic efficacy in advanced stages often limited by underlying liver dysfunction and adaptive resistance. In this review, the evolving landscape of molecular targets and combinatorial strategies is critically examined, with a particular focus on the transition from preclinical discovery to clinical application. While traditional molecular heterogeneity is acknowledged, the aim is to elucidate how emerging computational paradigms are redefining target discovery and therapeutic stratification in HCC. The primary purpose is to evaluate the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) as integrative tools… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Aktham Mestareehi1,2,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.073745
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Liver Cancer: Novel Therapeutics and Biomarkers for HCC and CCA)
Abstract Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely due to late diagnosis, molecular heterogeneity, and limited prognostic biomarkers. Aberrant protein phosphorylation plays a critical role in cancer progression by regulating DNA damage response, cell cycle control, and signaling pathways; however, the prognostic relevance of phosphorylation events in key DNA topology–related proteins remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of phosphorylation of TOP1, TOP2A, TOP2B, and C1orf35 in HCC and to characterize their associated molecular features to identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Methods: Publicly available HCC… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Ya-Ling Yang1,#, Ying-Hsien Huang2,#, Hung-Yu Lin3,4,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075284
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Tumor Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Targeted Therapy)
Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents with poor treatment outcomes, creating an urgent need for novel biomarkers to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and precision medicine. While the MYB family of oncogenes is implicated in cancer, the role and regulatory mechanisms of its member, particularly MYB proto-oncogene like 2 (MYBL2), remain underexplored in HCC. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically validate the clinical significance of MYBL2, elucidate its functional role in tumor progression and drug sensitivity, and identify its upstream regulatory mechanisms using an integrative machine learning and experimental framework. Methods: We applied an integrative pipeline combining LASSO-based… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Munro Matthew James1,*, López Vásquez Clara Elena1,2, Wickremesekera Agadha3, Chan Alex Ho Chuen1, Gray Clint Lee1,4,5,*
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074958
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Drug Targets in Oncology: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Innovations)
Abstract Objective: Meningioma is the most common primary brain tumour. Invasion into the brain is a diagnostic feature of grade II meningiomas and is associated with recurrence and poor prognosis. Mebendazole is a microtubule inhibitor typically prescribed as an anthelmintic. However, it has the potential to be repurposed for cancer treatment. Here, we aimed to assess the ability of mebendazole to inhibit meningioma cell invasion. Methods: Primary patient-derived meningioma cell lines were cultured as 3D spheroids and embedded in an extracellular matrix-like matrix as an in vitro model of invasion. Mebendazole-treated and untreated control spheroids were analysed… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Masanobu Tsubaki*, Taira Matsuo, Rie Komori
Oncology Research, DOI:10.32604/or.2025.075217
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Molecular Targeting Therapy for Anticancer Treatment)
Abstract Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic malignancy originating from hematopoietic stem cells. It is characterized by the Philadelphia chromosome, which arises from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. The breakpoint cluster region::Abelson murine leukemia 1 (BCR::ABL1) fusion protein produced from this chromosome is the main factor responsible for disease onset. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have led to significant advances in CML treatment and contributed to improved patient survival rates. Nonetheless, a substantial number of patients develop resistance to TKIs, which remains a major challenge in CML therapy. Currently, two mechanisms are considered More >
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