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Raquel Sanchez-Baltasar¹, Nerea Castañeda-Fernández¹, Jorge Olivares-Arancibia², Carlos Torres-Villar^3,4, Julio Plaza-Diaz^5,6,7,8,*, Lourdes Herrera-Quintana^1,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.081924 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Pathology, Early Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies for Breast Cancer)
Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide and remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality, with substantial international disparities in incidence, stage at diagnosis, access to treatment, and survival. In recent years, BC management has evolved rapidly through advances in molecular characterization, imaging, pathology, targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and survivorship care. Nevertheless, important gaps persist in early and accurate detection, biomarker standardization, equitable access to care, and patient-specific treatment selection. These advances require timely, evidence-based, and context-specific clinical frameworks to support appropriate implementation, and to avoid the use of… More >

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Mi Rim Kim^1,#, Jason Lau^1,#, Michele Maffezzoli^2,#,*, Giuseppe Luigi Banna¹
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078000 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cancer Therapeutics)
Abstract Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are a promising strategy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but early-generation drugs were limited by suboptimal target selection, heterogeneous drug–antibody ratios, and linker instability, resulting in modest efficacy and relevant toxicities. We performed a narrative review based on a literature search of PubMed and major oncology congresses up to October 2025, with the aim to critically analyzing the evolving biomarker landscape and engineering strategies shaping next-generation ADC development in NSCLC. Emerging approaches to identify targets for ADCs and refine patient selection include digital pathology with artificial intelligence technologies, transcriptomic and proteomic… More >

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118

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Irene Bernal-Florindo^1,2, Jose Angel Raposo-Puglia^2,3, Felix A. Ruiz^2,4, Jose Perez-Requena^2,5, Cristian Benavides-de la Fuente^2,5, Javier Galan^2,6, Maria Jose Berruezo-Salazar^2,7, Marcial Garcia-Rojo^1,2, Cecilia Fernandez-Ponce^2,4,*, Antonio Santisteban-Espejo^2,8
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.079403 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) constitutes a B-cell malignant lymphoid neoplasm derived from the germinal center. Despite current treatment protocols based on chemotherapy, radiotherapy, anti-cluster of differentiation (CD) 30 antibody-drug conjugates, immunotherapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), between 10% and 20% of CHL patients fail to achieve a complete response. The reasons underlying this lack of treatment sensitivity remain unclear. Traditionally, clinical and analytical variables have constituted the cornerstone of CHL prognostic model development. However, in recent years, the distribution and spatial relationships of cancer and immune cells within the CHL tumor microenvironment (TME) have… More >

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Julia Banaszkiewicz¹, Paweł Krawczyk², Tomasz Grenda³, Anna Grenda^2,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074037 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cancer Therapeutics)
Abstract Unfavorable epidemiological forecasts indicating a significant increase in cancer incidence and mortality, as well as limitations of traditional cancer treatment methods, prompt the search for new, more effective therapeutic strategies. In response to the difficulties in treating cancer resulting from the significant heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment and the presence of hypoxic and necrotic zones, anaerobic bacteria from the Clostridiaceae family, particularly those of the Clostridium genus, are attracting increasing interest. These bacteria can selectively grow in hypoxic areas of tumors while showing no affinity for healthy tissues. An additional advantage of these bacteria is their… More >

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105

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Marwa Balaha¹, Saad A. Aldosari², Ahmed A. Alamer², Nehad Ahmed², Mohamed F. Balaha^2,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077965 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Objectives: Tissue-agnostic oncology personalizes treatments based on shared molecular biomarkers, addressing challenges like assay variability, control-arm rigor, and non-proportional hazards. Integrating efficacy, safety, and resistance factors with consistent estimands is essential for evaluating biomarker-matched therapies across histologies. This review aims to quantify and compare their efficacy and safety, and to identify determinants of resistance, using PRISMA-compliant methods. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of 38 studies (15,018 participants), employing dual screening, standardized bias assessment, and evaluations of heterogeneity and small-study effects. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were estimated for time-to-event outcomes, and… More >

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Alessandro Poggi^*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078483 - 16 June 2026
Abstract The production of murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with defined specificity in 1975 marked the subsequent revolution of cancer therapy. mAbs have been essential to characterize the functional features of molecules involved in cancer cell growth and dissemination. The murine mAbs have been modified to create humanized antibodies and, subsequently, fully human antibodies for cancer therapy, thereby avoiding the side effects of xenogenic protein. The antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) increased the antitumor effect of mAbs. We will analyze the functional features of ADCs that recognize the cluster differentiation (CD)30 receptor present on some lymphomas and the human… More >

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Huimin Zhao^1,#, Xiuran Wang^2,#, Zhimeng Fan³, Ai Sun⁴, Changhua Zhang^1,*, Chunhui Sun^1,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078825 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment: Emerging Insights into Cancer Progression and Therapeutics)
Abstract Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers represent a significant global health burden, characterized by high incidence, poor prognosis, and limited response to monotherapies. The advent of bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) has introduced a novel therapeutic paradigm, enabling dual targeting of tumor-associated antigens and immune effectors to enhance antitumor immunity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in bsAb-based immunotherapy across major GI malignancies, including colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, biliary tract, esophageal, and liver cancers. We summarize key molecular targets and highlight representative clinical candidates such as CEA-TCB and RG7802. The discussion extends to innovative strategies involving BsAbs in… More >

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Ye Ri Han^1,*, Sang Bong Lee^2,3,4,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.079556 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Liver Cancer: Novel Therapeutics and Biomarkers for HCC and CCA)
Abstract Colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with clinical outcomes limited by biological heterogeneity and inconsistent therapeutic responses. Despite advances in systemic chemotherapy, targeted agents, immunotherapy, and liver-directed interventions, the translation of preclinical efficacy into clinical benefit remains suboptimal, highlighting the need for predictive experimental models. However, therapeutic efficacy in CRLM is highly model-dependent, and discrepancies between preclinical findings and clinical outcomes often arise from differences in biological fidelity across experimental platforms. This review critically examines preclinical platforms used to study CRLM, with emphasis on orthotopic and metastatic models that More >

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Lindokuhle M. Ngema¹, Samson A. Adeyemi^1,2,*, Yahya E. Choonara^1,3,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077723 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cancer Therapeutics)
Abstract Primary bone cancer is a relatively rare malignant tumor that manifests in the bone and affects the normal functioning of the bone tissue. Primary bone cancer can be characterized into three subtypes, which are osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma. Notably, the treatment of primary bone cancer with conventional modalities, like chemotherapy and surgical interventions, has been overwhelmed with dismal clinical outcomes. The conventional therapies are challenged with non-specificity, resulting in off-target effects and ultimate harm to healthy tissue. Particularly, chemotherapy as a first-line treatment option is riddled with poor drug bioavailability, limited tumor accumulation, and More >

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Alessandro Polizzi^1,#, Gaetano Isola^1,#, Monia Cecati^2,*, Nicoletta Bonci³, Roberto Campagna^2,*, Giovanni Tossetta²
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.079642 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances and Innovations in Head and Neck Cancer: Cutting-Edge Treatments and Future Directions)
Abstract Polyphenolic stilbenes are plant-derived compounds that have attracted increasing interest for their potential anticancer properties. Among them, resveratrol is the most extensively investigated molecule. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents a major global health challenge due to its aggressive biological behavior, frequent late diagnosis, and limited improvement in survival outcomes despite advances in treatment. This review aims to summarize current experimental evidence on the anticancer effects of resveratrol in OSCC, also considering structurally related derivatives such as polydatin and pinostilbene hydrate. A structured review of the literature was performed to identify experimental studies investigating the… More >

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Avetis Tsaturyan^1,2, Heghine Hakobyan¹, Kristina Hovsepyan¹, Anna Mkrtchyan^1,2, Tatevik Sargsyan^1,2,*, Raffaele Pastore³, Germano Guerra³, Giovanni N. Roviello^4,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078405 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Overcoming Drug Resistance in Cancer: Strategies and Natural Compound-Based Therapeutics)
Abstract Cancer is regarded as one of the leading causes of death worldwide, despite the progress of traditional therapies. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are often accompanied by significant side effects and the development of drug resistance contributes to making the fight against cancer even more challenging, which clearly highlights the urgent need to develop new therapeutic molecular approaches. In this context, natural peptides were introduced into the pharmaceutical market in the last decade and have replenished the ranks of effective anticancer agents due to their structural diversity, biocompatibility, and ability to selectively target tumor cells. Natural… More >

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Zehao Wei^1,#, Xuejian Liu^2,#, Zheng Zhang¹, Yimin Ma^2,*, Min Xu^1,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078793 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, characterized by difficulties in early diagnosis, limited therapeutic options, and generally poor patient prognosis. In recent years, immunotherapy has provided new opportunities for the treatment of pancreatic cancer; however, its clinical efficacy has been substantially constrained by the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune evasion mechanisms. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, AI has demonstrated great potential in the early detection of pancreatic cancer, prediction of immunotherapeutic responses, and design of personalized treatment strategies. This review systematically summarizes the latest advances in the More >

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81

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Guodong Yu^1,#, Weiying Ge^2,#, Hongliang Yao³, Xuefeng Bai¹, Jianfei Wu¹, Yuan Wang¹, Jiangtao Bai⁴, Yong Cui^1,*, Jijing Han^5,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.080746 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancements in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment)
Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops in a chronically inflamed and dysregulated liver metabolism, in which tumor progression and resistance to treatment are orchestrated by the changes in cellular metabolism and immune control. Growing evidence recognizes immunometabolic reprogramming as the two-way interaction of metabolic processes and immune cell capabilities as one of the major determinants of immune evasion and heterogeneity of treatment response in HCC. The review aims to comprehensively evaluate immunometabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma, with a focus on its role in tumor progression, immune regulation, and its potential for biomarker identification and therapeutic targeting. Dysregulated More >

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ARTICLE

Lorenzo Gasperoni^1,*, Luna Del Bono², Alberto Farolfi³, Andrea Messori^4,5, Vera Damuzzo^5,6
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077700 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) are established maintenance treatments in ovarian cancer, but comparative efficacy across genetic profiles and relapse risk categories remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of different PARPi as maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer across genetic profiles and relapse risk categories using reconstructed individual patient data (IPD) from randomized trials (RCTs). Methods: IPD were reconstructed using the IPDfromKM method from published Kaplan-Meier curves of RCTs stratified by clinical risk subgroup. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary endpoint. Three comparisons were performed: Breast Cancer gene (BRCA)+… More >

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ARTICLE

Zoe Bell¹, Corey D. Chan^1,2, Rachel Howarth³, Andrea Atkinson¹, Zakareya Gamie^1,4, Daniel Frankel⁵, Oana Bretcanu⁵, Kenneth S. Rankin^1,2,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075617 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment: Emerging Insights into Cancer Progression and Therapeutics)
Abstract Objectives: Chondrosarcoma is the most common type of primary bone sarcoma in adults with a high risk of local recurrence and metastasis. Chondrosarcomas are largely resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, meaning that surgery is the mainstay of treatment for most patients. Therefore, new therapeutic targets are required. Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is a transmembrane protein that has roles in cell proliferation, adhesion and migration and is shown to be overexpressed in several cancer types. Consequently, this work was undertaken to understand whether CD44 could be a potential therapeutic target in chondrosarcoma. Methods: In this study,… More >

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ARTICLE

Chiara Ferraro¹, Michela Pizzoferrato¹, Michela Graziano¹, Tiziana Servidei², Antonio Ruggiero², Pierluigi Navarra¹, Lucia Lisi^1,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.071074 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Objectives: Advances in molecular profiling of pediatric low-grade glioma have enabled targeted therapies to emerge as effective and better-tolerated alternatives to conventional chemotherapy, increasingly used in progressive or recurrent disease and may reduce long-term treatment toxicity. This study aimed to evaluate the repositioning of the anthelmintic drug mebendazole (MBZ) as an antiproliferative agent in pediatric glioma models, and to investigate potential synergistic effects in combination with vinblastine. Methods: Two well-established human pediatric glioma cell lines, RES 259 and RES 186, were exposed to MBZ alone or in combination with vinblastine. Cell viability, cytotoxicity, and tumor invasiveness… More >

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ARTICLE

Changyul Kim^1,2,#, Yu Ju Jung^2,#, Da Hee Son², Na Young Kim², Se Gie Kim³, Hee Sung Park^1,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078448 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Overcoming Drug Resistance in Cancer: Strategies and Natural Compound-Based Therapeutics)
Abstract Backgrounds: Autocrine motility factor (AMF) represents a paradoxical protein with dual roles in cancer progression and therapy. This study investigated AMF-derived tetradecapeptides as novel chemosensitizing agents to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) in hematological malignancies (HMs). Methods: Seven AMF variants were screened for anticancer activity across 14 human cancer cell lines using MTT and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. Four tetradecapeptides (AMF-derived peptides AAP, HGP, HTP, and SKP) corresponding to the AMF206-219 region were designed and evaluated in three HM cell lines (HL-60, CCRF-CEM, IM-9) for growth inhibition, cellular internalization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane… More >

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ARTICLE

Yu-Wei Liu^1,#, Yung-Kuo Lee^2,3,4,#, Kai-Fu Chang^2,3, Chung-Bao Hsieh⁵, Chih-Hsuan Chang^2,4, Ching-Chung Ko^6,7,8, Hui-Ru Lin^4,9, Chi-Jen Wu^9,10, Chien-Han Yuan^2,4,11,12, Sachin Kumar^13,14,15, Dahlak Daniel Solomon¹³, Do Thi Minh Xuan¹⁶, Neethu Palekkode¹⁷, Ayman Fathima¹⁸, Hung-Yun Lin^{5,19,20,21,22}, Chih-Yang Wang^13,14,19, Chih-Jen Yang^23,24,*, Yuen-Jung Wu^25,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.074013 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Tumor Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Targeted Therapy)
Abstract Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Aberrant glycosylation contributes to tumor progression by regulating receptor signalling, immune evasion, and metastatic. However, the prognostic and therapeutic relevance of glycosylation-related genes (GRGs) in LUAD has not been comprehensively defined. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively evaluate GRG-associated molecular subtypes and their clinical and therapeutic relevance in LUAD. Methods: GRGs were curated from multiple public databases and integrated with transcriptomic and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas LUAD cohort (TCGA-LUAD)… More >

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ARTICLE

Yu-Hao Huang^1,#, Hao-Yeh Chen^2,#, Peng-Ju Chien¹, Chun-Yu Chen^2,3, Shao-Ti Li⁴, Hsueh-Te Lee⁵, Yueh-Chun Lee^4,6,*, Wen-Wei Chang^1,7,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.080978 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Backgrounds: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly aggressive, insensitive to radiotherapy, and exhibits increased cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, contributing to poor patient outcomes. B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) associated transcription factor 1 (BCLAF1) is an oncogene in certain cancers, but its role in TNBC is unclear. This study investigated BCLAF1’s involvement in radioresistance and CSC activity in TNBC. Methods: BCLAF1 expression and clinical significance were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer dataset. Radioresistant MDA-MB-231 cells were used to examine BCLAF1’s function. Proto-oncogene SRC (SRC) overexpression, BCLAF1 knockdown, dasatinib treatment, and hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit… More >

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ARTICLE

Gabriela R. Barbosa^1,2, Luciana S. B. Dal Col^3,4, Caroline C. Bighetto¹, Maria Carolina X. de Godoy¹, Marina D. B. P. Campioni⁴, Marcus V. Sadi^2,3, Alessandra Gambero^1,2, Leonardo O. Reis^1,2,4,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.075738 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Backgrounds: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the most effective adjuvant therapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC); however, the immunological underpinnings of its efficacy remain incompletely understood. This study aims to elucidate the dual immunomodulatory roles of BCG by integrating systemic and tumor-intrinsic analyses, through determining the systemic effects of BCG instillation on immune checkpoint expression and direct inflammatory response in a previously established in vitro tumor model. Methods: We investigated systemic and tumor-intrinsic immune responses to BCG. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate immune checkpoint expression on circulating lymphocyte subsets in NMIBC patients (n = 7) at various… More >

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ARTICLE

Jinhui Che^1,2, Zhiyuan Chen¹, Feng Zhang^3,4, Shuo Zhu², Shengya Cao⁵, Ou Li¹, Rong Li^4,*, Jun Zheng^3,4,*, Yubin Liu^1,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.067443 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: New Insights in Drug Resistance of Cancer Therapy: A New Wine in an Old Bottle)
Abstract Objective: Advanced liver cancer, a highly lethal and increasingly prevalent malignancy, frequently develops sorafenib resistance, with aberrant mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism implicated in its pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate their interplay and assess combination therapies against sorafenib-resistant liver cancer. Methods: Mitochondrial morphology was assessed using immunofluorescent staining. Besides, the mitochondrial metabolic profile was evaluated by measuring the oxygen consumption rate, glucose uptake, and lactate production. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) expression was determined through immunohistochemical staining, western blotting, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell counting, colony formation, and cell cycle assays were conducted to… More >

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ARTICLE

Yuan Guo^1,#, Hui Wang^2,#, Xiaoyu Zhao³, Xiao Feng³, Xingjian Cai⁴, Wei Li^3,*, Xiaohui Luo^4,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078850 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Backgrounds: Early B-cell factor 1 (EBF1), originally identified as a critical transcription factor modulating the development and differentiation of B lymphocytes, has recently attracted significant interest owing to its diverse functional characteristics and regulatory mechanisms in solid tumors. Although current evidence suggests a potential connection between EBF1 and oncogenic developments, its exact role in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa) is unclear. This study sought to investigate its biological roles and regulatory mechanisms in human PCa. Methods: Bioinformatic analyses were performed utilizing Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) 2.0, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), and Gene… More >

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ARTICLE

Jian-Lei Kang^1,2, Yu-Jie Xu³, Qi-Tai Zhao⁴, Bing Zhang⁵, Xin Xu^2,*, Bo Yang^1,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.079221 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: The Evolving Landscape of Cancer Treatment: Molecular Insights and Immunotherapeutic Breakthroughs)
Abstract Background: Glioma is among the most malignant brain tumors, and its heterogeneity contributes significantly to treatment failure. Comprehensive profiling of cellular and molecular heterogeneity across different glioma stages and recurrence states is crucial for understanding therapeutic resistance and identifying novel targets. Accordingly, this study sought to systematically characterize the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of glioma across different stages and recurrence states using single-cell RNA sequencing, and to identify prognostic subtypes and potential therapeutic targets. Methods: We integrated public single-cell RNA sequencing data from glioma specimens, including lower-grade glioma (LGG), glioblastoma (GBM), and paired primary and recurrent… More >

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ARTICLE

Zhengzheng Li^1,2,#, Haitong Xie^1,2,#, Yujuan Chen^1,2, Qiuyan Li³, Xing Yuan⁴, Xinyue Dai³, Jie Chen^1,2,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.081209 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Objectives: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype lacking targeted therapies. Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) drives TNBC progression, but mechanisms governing its protein stability remain unclear. This study aims to identify the E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for PGK1 degradation and evaluate its therapeutic potential against metastasis. Methods: Clinical datasets and 50 human TNBC tissues were analyzed via multiplex immunohistochemistry. Co-immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination linkage assays, and structural modeling were utilized for in vitro mechanistic studies in TNBC cells. Additionally, functional impacts on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis were evaluated using transwell assays and an in vivo mouse lung metastasis… More >

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Zhihao Yin^1,2,3,#, Xi Zhen^4,#, Haonan Li^1,2,3,#, Haiqiang Duan^1,2,3,#, Xiaowei Hu^5,#, Tianxi Yu¹, Qing Shi¹, Ziyi Liu¹, Yaowei Li¹, Peng Zhang¹, Peng Dai¹, Meihui Zhao⁶, Ziqi Wang^1,2,3,7,*, Changfu Li^2,*, Di Wang^1,*, Zhichao Tong^1,3,5,8,9,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.077808 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Identification of potential targets and biomarkers for cancers and the exploration of novel molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis and metastasis)
Abstract Backgrounds: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are increasingly recognized as modulators of anti-tumor immunity, yet their clinical relevance in bladder cancer remains incompletely understood, partly owing to heterogeneity in their maturation states. Here, we demonstrate that germinal center (GC)–like TLS maturity, rather than TLS presence alone, is closely associated with immune activation and therapeutic response to Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade in bladder cancer. The objective of this study was to systematically investigate the clinical significance, biological function, and therapeutic potential of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) maturation in bladder cancer. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether GC-like… More >

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Yangyang Zhang^1,2,3,#, Ilyar Mamtili^4,#, Yonghao Chen⁵, Guangjie Ji^1,2,3,*, Chaozhao Liang^1,2,3,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.079316 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Machine Learning for Disease Subtyping, from Molecular to Clinical Features)
Abstract Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) responds poorly to immunotherapy. We investigated the myeloid checkpoint TIM3 (HAVCR2) to define its lineage localization and regulatory logic in the PCa microenvironment. Methods: We integrated stage-resolved public single-cell RNA-seq datasets spanning primary PCa, metastatic hormone-sensitive PCa, and castration-resistant PCa. Myeloid compartments were analyzed via differential expression, regulon inference, and ligand–receptor modeling. Clinical relevance was evaluated in the Cancer Genome Atlas prostate adenocarcinoma (TCGA-PRAD) cohort and independent cohorts using a myeloid TIM3 signature. Mechanistic validation was achieved through PR domain zinc finger protein 1 (PRDM1) chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)–qPCR… More >

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ARTICLE

Zhen Wang¹, Qian Xie², Yu Luo³, Chuan Li¹, Wenqiang Guan¹, Yanling Zhang⁴, Jidong Miao^1,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.079813 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy)
Abstract Objective: This study assesses peripheral blood parameters as predictors of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor efficacy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 169 advanced NSCLC patients receiving first-line PD-1 inhibitor-based therapy. Baseline blood parameters and clinical characteristics were recorded. Logistic regression assessed associations with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Chi-square tests compared efficacy and safety across treatment groups. Results: Baseline albumin/fibrinogen ratio (ALB/FIB) and PIV were associated with all-grade irAEs (p < 0.05), while PIV was markedly associated with grade ≥3 irAEs (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis identified that the baseline pan-immune inflammation More >

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Lei Luo¹, Fengju Guan¹, Zhankun Wang², Bin Li¹, Xuemei Ding¹, Leilei Song¹, Lijiang Sun^1,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.080621 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Metabolic Heterogeneity in Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Implications)
Abstract Background: Resistance to sunitinib represents a major clinical obstacle in the management of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This investigation aims to identify genes associated with sunitinib resistance and elucidate potential molecular pathways in ccRCC. Methods: To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in sunitinib-resistant ccRCC cells and their parental cells, bioinformatic analysis was performed on the GSE216494 dataset. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and topological analyses pinpointed a hub gene. Sunitinib-resistant A498 and 786-O cell lines were employed for in vitro validation. Sunitinib sensitivity and cell proliferation were evaluated using functional assays, such as colony formation and… More >

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Yang Wang^1,2, Ying Xie¹, Yiyi Ye¹, Youyang Shi¹, Feifei Li¹, Mengdie Zhu¹, Ciyi Hua¹, Yuan Xu¹, Rui Yang^1,3,*, Sheng Liu^1,4,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078051 - 16 June 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Breast Cancer Biomarkers and Drug Targets Discoveries Towards a More Personalized Treatment Setting)
Abstract Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast malignancy characterized by poor clinical outcomes and limited therapeutic options. The identification of reliable biomarkers for predicting prognosis and immunotherapeutic response remains an urgent clinical need. This study aimed to develop an integrative lactylation-related gene signature to simultaneously evaluate prognostic trajectories and immunotherapeutic sensitivity in TNBC. Methods Transcriptomic and clinical data from public TNBC cohorts were systematically analyzed. Lactylation-related gene signatures were used to stratify patients via consensus clustering. A scoring model was constructed based on differentially expressed genes between clusters, and its associations with… More >

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CASE REPORT

Piera Federico^1,*, Maria Anna Canciello¹, Barbara Granata², Davide Bosso¹, Bruno Daniele¹
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.078258 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Background: The synchronous occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is rare and poses significant therapeutic challenges, particularly in elderly patients with comorbidities. Although both malignancies may respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), evidence supporting a unified immunotherapeutic approach remains limited. This report aims to describe the clinical course and outcomes of dual immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in a patient with synchronous HCC and ccRCC. Case Description: We describe a patient in their 80s with synchronous advanced HCC and ccRCC, with underlying cirrhosis related to hepatitis C virus infection and cardiovascular comorbidities.… More >

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CASE REPORT

Ferdinando Cione¹, Maddalena De Bernardo^1,*, Mario Graziano¹, Palmiro Cornetta², Rossella Centola³, Alessandro Caputo¹, Pio Zeppa¹, Amelia Filippelli¹
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.073113 - 16 June 2026
Abstract Background: Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (OSSN) is the most common non-melanocytic ocular surface tumor. Treatment options include surgery and topical or injectable therapies, with interferon alpha-2b (IFNα−2b) being a well-tolerated immunomodulatory agent. This case report aims to explore the use of topical IFNα−2b in a patient with multiple OSSN recurrences. Case Description: A 65-year-old woman with a history of recurrent conjunctival papilloma, confirmed as OSSN, was treated with excision and cryotherapy, followed by subconjunctival IFNα−2b injections and eventually topical IFNα−2b (3 million international units-MIU/mL, four times daily for 12 weeks) after further recurrence. Initial discomfort and redness More >

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CORRECTION

Liang Li^1,#, Huijuan Liu^1,#, Lianjiang Du², Pan Xi¹, Qian Wang¹, Yanqin Li³, Di Liu^4,*
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.086717 - 16 June 2026
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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RETRACTION

Oncology Research Editorial Office
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.086719 - 16 June 2026
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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RETRACTION

Oncology Research Editorial Office
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.086722 - 16 June 2026
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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RETRACTION

Oncology Research Editorial Office
Oncology Research, Vol.34, No.7, 2026, DOI:10.32604/or.2026.086727 - 16 June 2026
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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6