In Situ Peracetic Acid-Driven Oxidative Delignification for Enhancing the Properties of Densified Randu Wood (Ceiba pentandra L. Gaertn.)
Nurhasnah1, Naresworo Nugroho1,*, Sarah Augustina2,*, Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang Mangurai3, Deazy Rachmi Trisatya1,2
1 Forest Products Department, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
2 Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Serpong, Indonesia
3 Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
* Corresponding Author: Naresworo Nugroho. Email: 
; Sarah Augustina. Email: 
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Densification of Wood and Biomass)
Journal of Renewable Materials https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0027
Received 22 February 2026; Accepted 01 July 2026; Published online 29 July 2026
Abstract
Randu wood is a fast-growing wood species with a low density, ranging from 0.21 to 0.28 g/cm
3. This limits the utilization of this species, particularly for structural purposes. Improving the quality and strength of wood can be done by applying a densification process. The effectiveness of this process may be improved by applying
in-situ delignification using peracetic acid as a pretreatment. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the physical (moisture content and density), dimensional stability (TR-ratios, water absorption, and thickness swelling), spring-back (compression set, and compression-set recovery) and mechanical properties (Modulus of Rupture/MOR and Modulus of Elasticity/MOE) of densified randu wood (
Ceiba pentandra L. Gaertn.) with an
in-situ peracetic acid assisted delignification process as a pretreatment, as well as determining the optimum densification parameters for this species. The process begins with the application of the delignification process using a mixture of CH
3COOH and H
2O
2 (1:1) at concentrations of 20% and 25%, as well as distilled water (0%), followed by densification at 150°C and 160°C for 30 min with a pressure of 3.43 MPa. The results showed that the application of an
in-situ peracetic acid assisted delignification process as pretreatment following the densification process was able to improve the physical and mechanical properties, as well as the dimensional stability of randu densified wood with minimum spring-back (below 10%). The pressing temperature at 150°C combined with a 25% delignification solution concentration (D25-150 treatment) proved to be the most effective treatment for enhancing the properties of densified randu wood.
Graphical Abstract
Keywords
Delignification; densification; mechanical properties; physical properties; randu wood
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