Open Access

MINI-REVIEW

Ying Jin¹, Deqiang Kong², Chen Liu², Weihua Gong²
European Cytokine Network, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 39-42, 2019, DOI:10.1684/ ecn.2019.0429
Abstract Since the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-33 and its receptor (ST2) are closely involved in regulating both innate and adaptiveimmune responses,itis conceivable that theymay play animportant rolein organ transplantation. IL-33 is broadly expressed by multiple cell types such as fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. As a strong inducer of type 2 helperT (Th2) cellularimmune responses, IL-33 can significantly prolong allograft survivalin organ transplantation partially via altering gene expression profiles and increasing frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Nevertheless, the IL-33 signaling pathway and its underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined in transplant… More >

View

79

Download

79

Open Access

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Anastasia S. Proskurina¹, Alisa V. Spaselnikova^1,2, Genrikh S. Ritter^1,2, Evgenia V. Dolgova¹, Ekaterina A. Potter¹, Margarita V. Romanenko², Sergey V. Netesov², Yaroslav R. Efremov^1,2, Oleg S. Taranov³, Nikolay A. Varaksin⁴, Tatiana G. Ryabicheva⁴, Aleksandr A. Ostanin⁵, Elena R. Chernykh⁵, Sergey S. Bogachev¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 43-58, 2019, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2019.0427
Abstract The present study demonstrates that monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) produced in vitro using a GM-CSF and IFN-α differentiation protocol encompass a rare (~5%) subpopulation of cells showing classical dendritic cell morphology and capable of natural internalization of extracellular self-DNA. We established that DEFB, HMGB1, LL-37 and RAGE antigens, which mediate the process of DNA internalization, are expressed on the surface of moDCs similar to plasmacytoid dendritic cells. However, in constrast to the latter subpopulation, these cells do not produce interleukin (IL)-37. Nonetheless, the process of DNA internalization was not in direct relation to the presence… More >

View

81

Download

79

Open Access

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Dewei Wang¹, Tianyang Gao², Yingwei Zhao¹, Ye Mao¹, Zhigang Sheng¹, Qing Lan¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 59-66, 2019, DOI:10.1684/ ecn.2019.0426
Abstract Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that nicotine exhibited anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties by interacting with the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR). However, the role of nicotine in regeneration during peripheral nerve injury has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether nicotine down-regulated production of proinflammatory cytokines and promoted peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. Methods: Rats challenged with sciatic nerve crush injury were treated with nicotine (1.5 mg/kg), three times per day. The expression of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β), pinch test results, growth-associated… More >

View

81

Download

74

Open Access

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Meiying Cui¹, Xin Li^1,2, Yimeng Lei¹, Liping Xia¹, Jing Lu¹, Hui Shen¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 67-73, 2019, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2019.0428
Abstract Objective: To detect the effect of interleukin (IL)-34 on the secretion of Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)/Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to investigate whether the effect is mediated by IL-17. Method: RA-FLS and RA-PBMCs were stimulated with recombinant human (rh) IL-34, with or without the IL-17 inhibitor Plumbagin. The supernatant of the culture medium was collected and the levels of RANKL, OPG, and MMP-3 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: RhIL-34 promoted RANKL… More >

View

81

Download

76