Acetylcholine suppresses LPS-induced endothelial cell activation by inhibiting the MAPK and NF-κB pathways
Ping Li1,2,*, Kewen Zhou2,*, Jiehao Li2, Xiaodan Xu2, Ling Wang2, Tinghuai Wang2
European Cytokine Network, Vol.33, No.4, pp. 79-89, 2022, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2023.0481
Abstract Background and Objective: Endothelial cell activation plays a critical role in leukocyte recruitment during inflammation and infection. We previously found that cholinergic stimulation (via vagus nerve stimulation) attenuates vascular endothelial impairment and reduces the inflammatory profile in ovariectomized rats. However, the specific molecular mechanism is unclear. This study was designed to explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of cholinergic agonists (acetylcholine [ACh]) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endothelial cell activation in vitro. Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with different concentrations of LPS (10/100/1000 ng/mL) to activate endothelial cells. HUVECs were untreated, treated with ACh (10⁻⁵… More >
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