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REVIEW

Bernhard Moser
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 204-210, 2003
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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ARTICLE

Nadia Polentarutti¹, Giselle Penton Rol^1,2, Marta Muzio^1,3, Daniela Bosisio^1,4, Marco Camnasio^1,5, Federica Riva^1,6, Carla Zoja⁷, Ariela Benigni⁷, Susanna Tomasoni⁷, Annunciata Vecchi¹, Cecilia Garlanda¹, Alberto Mantovani^1,8,9
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 211-218, 2003
Abstract TIR8, also known as single Ig IL-1R-related molecule (SIGIRR), is a member of the IL-1 receptor family. The present study was designed to investigate the expression and function of TIR8. TIR8 was mainly expressed in mouse and human epithelial tissues such as kidney, lung and gut. Resting and activated T and B lymphocytes and monocytes-macrophages expressed little or no TIR8, with the exception of the mouse GG2EE macrophage line. In the kidney, the organ with highest mRNA levels, TIR8 expression was confined to epithelial cells and, in situ, to tubular epithelium. A variety of signals More >

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ARTICLE

Hamida Hammad¹, Hermelijn H. Smits², Céline Ratajczak¹, Asokananthan Nithiananthan³, Eddy A. Wierenga², Geoffrey A. Stewart³, Alain Jacquet⁴, André-Bernard Tonnel¹, Joël Pestel¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 219-228, 2003
Abstract Dendritic cells (DC) are potent antigen-presenting cells that can orientate the immune response towards a Th1 or a Th2 type. DC produce chemokines that are involved in the recruitment of either Th1 cells, such as IP10 (CXCL10), Th2 cells such as TARC (CCL17) and MDC (CCL22), or non-polarized T cells such as RANTES (CCL5) and MIP-1α (CCL3). We investigated whether monocyte-derived DC (MD-DC) generated from healthy donors or from patients sensitive to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt) and exposed to the cysteine-protease Der p 1 (allergen of Dpt), could upregulate the expression of chemokines involved in type… More >

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ARTICLE

Mahmoud Huleihel^1,4, Amash Alaa^1,3, Sapir Olga^2,3, Maor E⁵, Sharon Levy^1,3, Miriam Katz^2,3, Lesly Myatt⁶, Holcberg Gershon^2,3
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 229-233, 2003
Abstract IL-10 is anti-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in the regulation of the pregnancy process. We examined the capacity of fetal and maternal placental tissues from human term placentas, to produce IL-10, in the presence and absence of LPS. The levels of IL-10 were examined (by ELISA and immunohistochemical staining) in the fetal and maternal tissues of human placentas after 10 hours of perfusion, in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 µg/k”g perfused tissue). We could detect IL-10 in amnion (A; 13.91 ± 11.35 pg/ml) and chorion (CH; 7.85 ± 6.38 pg/ml) tissue homogenates,… More >

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ARTICLE

Michael Heesen¹, Brunhilde Bloemeke², Dagmar Kunz³
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 234-237, 2003
Abstract Previous studies have found that heterozygosity for the A896G mutation of the endotoxin receptor TLR4 confers susceptibility to Gram-negative infections and septic shock. To evaluate the underlying mecha-nisms, we studied the association of the TLR4 polymorphism with endotoxin-induced cytokine synthesis in human whole blood. Monocyte CD14 density and monocyte count were also determined. Healthy individuals were genotyped by means of a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Plasma concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 were measured by chemiluminescence. No significant differences in cytokine synthesis were observed between heterozygous individuals and homozygous carriers of the wild type allele. More >

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ARTICLE

Saadou Issifou¹, Elie Mavoungou^1,2, Steffen Borrmann^1,2, Marielle K. Bouyou-Akotet¹, Pierre-Blaise Matsiegui^1,2, Peter G. Kremsner^1,2, Francine Ntoumi^1,2
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 238-241, 2003
Abstract To investigate if severe malarial anemia is associated with specific cytokine overproduction, we evaluated serum levels of soluble Fas ligand (sFasL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) from three groups of young children with Plasmodium falciparum infection (asymptomatic cases, uncomplicated malaria cases and severe malarial anemia cases), in a hyperendemic area of Gabon. In uncomplicated cases, only TNF levels were significantly (p < 0.001) increased in comparison to asymptomatic cases with P. falciparum infection. High levels of sFasL, TNF-α and IL-10 were associated with low hemoglobin concentrations, sFasL levels were significantly higher in children with severe More >

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ARTICLE

Anita W. Rijneveld^1,2,*, Sandrine Florquin³, Peter Speelman^2,4, Carl K. Edwards⁵, Charles A. Dinarello⁶, Tom van der Poll^2,4
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 242-245, 2003
Abstract The inhibition of the biological activity of IL-1 by recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) has been investigated in several, controlled clinical trials. Encouraging results have been reported, in particular in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In the present study, we investigated the influence of treatment of wild type mice with IL-1ra, which resulted in an incomplete and transient inhibition of IL-1 activity. Treatment with recombinant human IL-1ra resulted in an enhanced bacterial outgrowth in the lungs of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice early after induction of pneumococcal pneumonia, without influencing survival or the pulmonary inflammatory response. More >

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ARTICLE

Olivier Toutirais¹, Patricia Chartier¹, Damien Dubois¹, Françoise Bouet¹, Jean Lévêque¹, Véronique Catros-Quemener¹, Noëlle Genetet¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 246-255, 2003
Abstract Tumors could use several mechanisms to coexist with the host’s immune system or to protect themselves from an immune response. Thus, insufficient expression of cell surface molecules on tumor cells, which are important for T cell recognition or activation, could lead to induction of a state of tolerance. Tumor cells could also produce cytokines that would inhibit the immune response and allow tumor progression. Here, we studied, in vitro, the cell surface expression of immunologically important molecules in seven ovarian carcinoma (OVCA) cell lines and the constitutive expression of cytokines. All OVCA cell lines expressed… More >

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SHORT COMMUNICATION

Vanessa Almendro, Neus Carbó, Sílvia Busquets, Maite Figueras, Luciana Tessitore^*, Francisco J. López-Soriano, Josep M. Argilés
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 256-259, 2003
Abstract Recent studies have demonstrated the activation of skeletal muscle DNA fragmentation in some catabolic conditions [1]. In an attempt to elucidate if sepsis (a catabolic state) was also associated with muscle apoptosis, sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture, and the results clearly show an induction of DNA fragmentation in gastrocnemius muscle following the induction of the septic state. Administration of rolipram (an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) synthesis) to septic rats clearly prevented the increased DNA fragmentation, suggesting that TNF-α is involved in the activation of the apoptotic events in septic rat More >

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OBITUARY

Her Scientific Colleagues and ECN Editorial Committee
European Cytokine Network, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 260-260, 2003
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