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Madeleine Collette¹, Géraldine Descamps¹, Catherine Pellat-Deceunynck, Régis Bataille, Martine Amiot
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 1-7, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0095
Abstract In multiple myeloma, a large number of growth factors (IL-6, IGF-1, FGF, HGF and HB-EGF) are involved in promoting myeloma cell growth. In the present study, a serum-free, cytokine-free, collagen-based assay, which does not allow the generation of spontaneous myeloma colonies, was used to identify the clonogenic growth factors for fourteen myeloma cell lines. IL-6 is the only clonogenic factor able to stimulate both CD45+ and CD45- myeloma cell lines, generating myeloma colonies from 10 out of 14 myeloma cell lines. Using a pharmacological Erk inhibitor, we show that the Erk/MAPK pathway is involved in… More >

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Cristina Tena-Tomás¹, Maria Lucia Pedroso², Iara J. de Messias-Reason^1,2, Peter G. Kremsner¹, Jürgen F. J. Kun¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 19-24, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0098
Abstract Aims. Interferon-a (IFN-α) alone or in combination with ribavirin has been used for the last decade in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, although the achievement of a sustained virological response (SVR) has not been very satisfactory. The treatment outcome depends on viral genotypes and host genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in the IFN-α signaling cascade. In this paper, we investigated the distribution of two variants of the IFNAR1 gene, G17470C and L168V, in two patient groups having received IFN-α alone or in combination with ribavirin. Methods. The analysis was performed using DNA sequencing of More >

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Nivea Maria de Freitas¹, Ana Vitória Imbronito¹, Adriana Costa Neves², Fabio Daumas Nunes³, Francisco Emilio Pustiglioni¹, Roberto Fraga Moreira Lotufo¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 25-30, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0100
Abstract Generalized aggressive periodontitis (AP) comprises a group of periodontal diseases characterized by the rapid destruction of periodontal tissues which affect young individuals who generally present no systemic disorders. Polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) genes have been associated with an increased severity of chronic periodontitis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between IL-1A (-889) and TNFA (-308) gene polymorphisms and AP. One hundred nonsmoking subjects were selected, including 30 with AP and 70 without periodontal disease. Gene polymorphisms were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment… More >

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Bilgin Ozmen¹, Cengiz Kirmaz², Kadir Aydin³, Sabriye O. Kafesciler¹, Feyzullah Guclu¹, Zeliha Hekimsoy¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 31-36, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0097
Abstract Background. Osteoporosis that is encountered frequently in postmenopausal women, may cause an increased incidence of vertebral and iliac fractures that are associated with excess morbidity. Raloxifene hydrochloride, a selective oestrogen receptor modulator, has been shown to increase bone mineral density and decrease biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women, without stimulatory effects on breast or uterus. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, and TNF-α and TGF-β1 which are important cytokines involved in remodeling, have been evaluated previously in in vitro studies of osteoporosis. However, there seems to be a paucity of in vivo research… More >

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Chantal Jimenez, Bruno Melin, Gustave Savourey, Jean-Claude Launay, Antonia Alonso, Jacques Mathieu
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 37-44, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0101
Abstract Different stress hormones are released during prolonged exercise and passive hyperthermia. We hypothesized that these different hormonal responses could contribute to the different changes in the immune response during these two challenges.MethodsEight subjects completed three trials in a randomized order. In the control trial (C), the subjects remained in a sitting posture for three hours in thermoneutral conditions. In the exercise hyperthermia trial (E), they exercised for two hours on a treadmill at 65% VO₂ max in thermoneutral conditions, followed by 1-h recovery in thermoneutral conditions; in the passive hyperthermia trial (PH), the subjects remained in… More >

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Jesus F. Bermejo-Martin¹, Maria C. Garcia-Arevalo¹, Raul Ortiz De Lejarazu², Julio Ardura³, Jose M. Eiros², Ana Alonso³, Vanesa Matías³, Maria Pino³, David Bernardo¹, Eduardo Arranz¹, Alfredo Blanco-Quiros¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 45-50, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0096
Abstract Profiling of immune mediators in both nasal and plasma samples is a common approach to the study of pathogenesis in respiratory viral infections. Nevertheless, mucosal immunity functions essentially independently from peripheral immunity. In our study, 27 immune mediators were profiled in parallel, in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) and plasma from 22 < 2 year-old children with a severe respiratory syncytial virus infection involving the lower respiratory tract, using a multiplex assay. NPAs from 22 children with innocent heart murmurs were used as controls. Differences in mediator concentrations between NPAs from patients and controls were assessed using… More >

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Carlos González¹, Paula Abello², Raquel Cepeda¹, Lorena Salazar³, Octavio Aravena², Barbara Pesce², Diego Catalán², Juan C. Aguillón²
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 9-18, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0099
Abstract Using the murine model of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), we studied its evolution over time by histopathological, immunohistochemical and clinical evaluations. The first clinical symptoms appeared 28 days post-inoculation (dpi), with bovine type II collagen, with an average arthritic index of 1.00 ± 0.48 corresponding to erythema of the articulation. The disease progressed, and by 70 dpi showed an average arthritic index of 3.83 ± 0.27 corresponding to edema and maximum deformation, with ankylosis. Computed morphometry demonstrated that, in comparison to controls, the induction of CIA, produces a significant and increasing accumulation of inflammatory… More >

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Madeleine Collette^*, Géraldine Descamps^*, Catherine Pellat-Deceunynck, Régis Bataille, Martine Amiot
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 120-126, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0095
Abstract In multiple myeloma, a large number of growth factors (IL-6, IGF-1, FGF, HGF and HB-EGF) are involved in promoting myeloma cell growth. In the present study, a serum-free, cytokine-free, collagen-based assay, which does not allow the generation of spontaneous myeloma colonies, was used to identify the clonogenic growth factors for fourteen myeloma cell lines. IL-6 is the only clonogenic factor able to stimulate both CD45+ and CD45- myeloma cell lines, generating myeloma colonies from 10 out of 14 myeloma cell lines. Using a pharmacological Erk inhibitor, we show that the Erk/MAPK pathway is involved in… More >

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ARTICLE

Carlos González¹, Paula Abello², Raquel Cepeda¹, Lorena Salazar³, Octavio Aravena², Barbara Pesce², Diego Catalán², Juan C. Aguillón²
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 127-135, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0099
Abstract Using the murine model of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), we studied its evolution over time by histopathological, immunohistochemical and clinical evaluations. The first clinical symptoms appeared 28 days post-inoculation (dpi), with bovine type II collagen, with an average arthritic index of 1.00 ± 0.48 corresponding to erythema of the articulation. The disease progressed, and by 70 dpi showed an average arthritic index of 3.83 ± 0.27 corresponding to edema and maximum deformation, with ankylosis. Computed morphometry demonstrated that, in comparison to controls, the induction of CIA, produces a significant and increasing accumulation of inflammatory… More >

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37

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21

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ARTICLE

Cristina Tena-Tomás¹, Maria Lucia Pedroso², Iara J. de Messias-Reason^1,2, Peter G. Kremsner¹, Jürgen F. J. Kun¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 136-141, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0098
Abstract Aims. Interferon-a (IFN-α) alone or in combination with ribavirin has been used for the last decade in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, although the achievement of a sustained virological response (SVR) has not been very satisfactory. The treatment outcome depends on viral genotypes and host genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in the IFN-α signaling cascade. In this paper, we investigated the distribution of two variants of the IFNAR1 gene, G17470C and L168V, in two patient groups having received IFN-α alone or in combination with ribavirin. Methods. The analysis was performed using DNA sequencing of More >

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34

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Nívea Maria de Freitas¹, Ana Vitória Imbronito¹, Adriana Costa Neves², Fábio Daumas Nunes³, Francisco Emilio Pustiglioni¹, Roberto Fraga Moreira Lotufo¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 142-147, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0100
Abstract Generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) comprises a group of periodontal diseases character-ized by the rapid destruction of periodontal tissues which affect young individuals who generally present no systemic disorders. Polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) genes have been associated with an increased severity of chronic periodontitis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between IL-1A (-889) and TNFA (-308) gene polymorphisms and GAP. One hundred nonsmoking subjects were selected, including 30 with GAP and 70 without periodontal disease. Gene polymor-phisms were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment… More >

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36

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36

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ARTICLE

Bilgin Özmen¹, Cengiz Kirmaz², Kadir Aydin³, Sabriye O. Kafesciler¹, Feyzullah Guclu¹, Zeliha Hekimsoy¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 148-153, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0097
Abstract Background. Osteoporosis that is encountered frequently in postmenopausal women, may cause an increased incidence of vertebral and iliac fractures that are associated with excess morbidity. Raloxifene hydrochloride, a selective oestrogen receptor modulator, has been shown to increase bone mineral density and decrease biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women, without stimulatory effects on breast or uterus. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, and TNF-α and TGF-β1 which are important cytokines involved in remodeling, have been evaluated previously in in vitro studies of osteoporosis. However, there seems to be a paucity of in vivo research… More >

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29

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26

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ARTICLE

Chantal Jimenez, Bruno Melin, Gustave Savourey, Jean-Claude Launay, Antonia Alonso, Jacques Mathieu
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 154-161, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0101
Abstract Different stress hormones are released during prolonged exercise and passive hyperthermia. We hypothesized that these different hormonal responses could contribute to the different changes in the immune response during these two challenges.MethodsEight subjects completed three trials in a randomized order. In the control trial (C), the subjects remained in a sitting posture for three hours in thermoneutral conditions. In the exercise hyperthermia trial (E), they exercised for two hours on a treadmill at 65% max in thermoneutral conditions, followed by 1-h recovery in thermoneutral conditions; in the passive hyperthermia trial (PH), the subjects remained in… More >

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35

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31

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ARTICLE

Jesus F. Bermejo-Martin¹, Maria C. Garcia-Arevalo¹, Raul Ortiz De Lejarazu², Julio Ardura³, Jose M. Eiros², Ana Alonso³, Vanesa Matías³, Maria Pino³, David Bernardo¹, Eduardo Arranz¹, Alfredo Blanco-Quiros¹
European Cytokine Network, Vol.18, No.3, pp. 162-167, 2007, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2007.0096
Abstract Profiling of immune mediators in both nasal and plasma samples is a common approach to the study of pathogenesis in respiratory viral infections. Nevertheless, mucosal immunity functions essentially independently from peripheral immunity. In our study, 27 immune mediators were profiled in parallel, in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) and plasma from 22 < 2 year-old children with a severe respiratory syncytial virus infection involving the lower respiratory tract, using a multiplex assay. NPAs from 22 children with innocent heart murmurs were used as controls. Differences in mediator concentrations between NPAs from patients and controls were assessed using… More >

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