Open Access

REVIEW

Hiba Sibaii¹, Salwa Refat El-Zayat¹, Mona Khalil²
European Cytokine Network, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 1-17, 2020, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2020.0441
Abstract During aging, physiological and physical frailty occur, which is accompanied by a decline in adaptive and innate immunity, termed ‘immunosenescence’ characterized by marked changes in the composition, function, and competence of the human immune system. Moreover, the capabilities of the immune system to defend the human body against infections, to detect and destruct malignant or autoreactive cells decline, resulting in an increase in the susceptibility to infection, development of cancer, as well as autoimmune disorders. The study of age-related changes in immune function is an important area of investigation. In this review, the function of More >

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Open Access

REVIEW

Gurhan Guney¹, Mine Islimye Taskin¹, Aytekin Tokmak²
European Cytokine Network, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 18-31, 2020, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2020.0443
Abstract Special hormonal and immunological changes are required for normal pregnancy continuation. To escape from rejection by the maternal immune system, pregnancy needs an optimum environment with the integration and the balance of immune factors. As an immunologically unique site that permits allogenic fetus to be tolerated by mother, the maternal–fetal interface has a vital role. Microorganisms may trigger innate immune responses at the maternal–fetal interface and this may have a significant impact on the success of pregnancy. While the presence of inflammatory markers are slightly increased in healthy pregnancies, their significant increase in preeclampsia suggests More >

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Zahra Gorji¹, Mohammadreza Modaresi², Saeed Yekanni-Nejad³, Nima Rezaei^4,5,6, Maryam Mahmoudi^1,7
European Cytokine Network, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 32-38, 2020, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2020.0442
Abstract The importance of the host inflammatory response, as a central pathological feature of cystic fibrosis, is well recognized. Additionally, hyperglycemia can induce an immune response and consecutively may exacerbate symptoms of this disease. Hence, adherence to a low glycemic index diet, through normalizing blood glucose levels, may reduce inflammation in patients with this disease. This study aimed to compare effects of a low glycemic index/high-fat, high-calorie diet and routine high-fat, high-calorie diet on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with cystic fibrosis. In this randomized clinical trial, 44 children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis were randomly assigned… More >

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Open Access

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Eda Dokumacioglu¹, Hatice Iskender¹, Arzu Sahin², Emine Yurdakul Erturk³, Ozgur Kaynar⁴
European Cytokine Network, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 39-43, 2020, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2020.0444
Abstract Background: Along with the developing technology in the modern age, physical activity had decreased considerably in children and adolescents alike with a concomitant and rapid increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity. The purpose of the present study is to measure the levels of serum nesfatin-1 and irisin in obese children. Methods: The present study was carried out with a total of 62 children, including 32 obese children diagnosed between June 2017 and October 2017 and 30 healthy children. Serum nesfatin-1, irisin, SOD, MDA, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL-C, LDL-C, aspartate… More >

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